(1) Deep professional knowledge. This is the core of teachers' knowledge structure and the necessary basis for teachers to impart knowledge to students. In order to complete the teaching task well, teachers must be proficient in the basic knowledge of the subject they teach, be familiar with the basic structure of the subject and the internal relationship between the various parts of knowledge, and understand the development trend and the latest research direction of the subject.
(2) extensive cultural and scientific knowledge. Teachers should not only specialize in learning, but also dabble extensively; We should not only master one subject, but also learn the adjacent subjects. This is not only because of the close relationship between disciplines, but also because students are active in thinking and have a wide range of interests. They are eager for teachers to meet their requirements in many aspects of knowledge. The wider the teacher's knowledge, the more vividly he can explain his knowledge, enhance students' thirst for knowledge and improve teaching effect. Moreover, they can keep close relationship with students and become the means and talents to exert all-round influence on students.
(3) Rich knowledge of educational theory. This includes that teachers should systematically master the knowledge of pedagogy, psychology and subject teaching methods, and understand the principles of education and the laws of students' physical and mental development. Only with rich knowledge of educational theory can we establish correct educational guiding ideology, overcome the blindness of educational work and achieve good educational and teaching results. In a sense, whether to understand and master educational laws and theories directly determines the success or failure and efficiency of teachers' educational and teaching activities.