Accordingly, I think the significance of calligraphy appreciation mainly has four points:
First, calligraphy appreciation can not only cultivate our aesthetic appreciation ability, but also be a prerequisite for us to improve our writing level.
The reason why we should look at the significance of calligraphy appreciation from the perspective of the relationship between calligraphy learning and calligraphy appreciation is because the common calligraphy teaching mode now often takes "writing" as the whole content of calligraphy education, and even when it comes to appreciation, it is only an understatement. It is not difficult to see this from its space ratio, which completely ignores its internal relationship with calligraphy learning (writing).
To write well and learn calligraphy, in my opinion, we must first learn to appreciate. This is a prerequisite. If you can't appreciate it, your eyes can't see it. How do you command your hands? You can only write if you can read, but you can't read and write well if you don't.
In other words, to learn calligraphy, practice your eyes first, then your hands.
Second, calligraphy appreciation is an important form of aesthetic education and one of the important contents of Chinese cultural identity education.
The reason why we should look at the significance of calligraphy appreciation from the perspective of its function, especially its unique function which is different from other arts, is that the common calligraphy teaching mode at present seldom realizes, or simply doesn't realize, the practical significance of calligraphy education in cultivating students' (learners') Chinese aesthetic ability.
For China, calligraphy appreciation, as an aesthetic education, is an aesthetic identity education of the Chinese nation, an identity education of Chinese culture, an important way for ethnic minorities to identify with the Chinese nation, and a need for the construction of the Chinese nation and a modern country.
For the world, calligraphy appreciation, as an aesthetic education, is an important form to spread China's aesthetics and China's values. With a little attention, it is not difficult to find that there is an art form in the world today that is more closely related to ideological values than calligraphy. I won't.
Therefore, we should say that the promotion of calligraphy and calligraphy appreciation in the world plays a very important role in exerting the influence of China culture, and we should look at this matter from the strategic height of the country's foreign cultural communication.
This is mainly from the social level, from the perspective of the viewer. Conversely, the creators of art are required to have a sense of responsibility. Art is not a matter of playing tricks, nor is it a matter of purely expressing feelings. Artists have social responsibilities. Artists must understand that the purpose of art is to teach assistants and change customs, so modern western art is decadent, morbid, crazy, cynical and bad style. In this regard, our sages have long had a very profound understanding. Give a few examples:
"Music": "All ordinary people are born in people's hearts; Music, ethics also. It is an old friend who knows the sound but doesn't know it, and the beast is also; Those who know each other but don't know how to be happy are ordinary people. Only a gentleman can know happiness. Therefore, we must listen to the sound, listen to the sound, know the music, listen to the music, know the politics, and govern the road. Therefore, those who don't know the sound can't talk with the sound, and those who don't know the sound can't talk with joy. Knowing happiness is a courtesy. There are both rites and music, which is called virtue. Virtue, too. It is the joy of the past, not the extreme sound; The gift of eating is not tasting. The instrument of "Qing Palace" is a string of words, but it is sparse, and it advocates three sighs and echoes around the beam. This gift of delicacies, Shogen wine, fishy fish and soup is not harmonious, and there are problems left over. Therefore, the rites and music made by the late king were not out of the desire of mouth, eyes and ears, but to teach the people to set their likes and dislikes and oppose humanity. "
"The quietness of life is the nature of heaven. Feeling things and moving, sexual desire. Things are known, and then likes and dislikes. If likes and dislikes are not confined to the inside, knowledge will be lured to the outside, and justice will be destroyed if we can't run counter to it. Things are touching, but people's likes and dislikes are endless, so they are things and things are people. People are human, the devil takes the hindmost, and the poor want it. Therefore, there is rebellion and treachery, and there is fornication and rebellion. Therefore, the strong use the weak to control the danger, the many are violent and widowed, the knowledgeable are deceitful and foolish, the brave are timid, the sick are not raised, and the old and the young are lonely. This is also the way of chaos. It was the rites and music formulated by the late king, and it was a man-made festival. Declining hemp cries, so the festival is also sad; The bell and drum are dry, so I am glad; Faint because of the crown, so don't men and women also; It is delicious to shoot in the countryside, so it is a handover. Etiquette, people's heart, music and people's voice, political action and punishment to stop it. Rites, music and criminal politics, if they reach four without contradiction, are necessary for the king. "
"The sum of heaven and earth of musicians is also the order of heaven and earth of owners. Harmony, so everything is transformed; Order, so the group is different. Joy comes from nature, and courtesy comes from the ground. Excessive restraint is chaotic, and excessive behavior is violent. Heaven and earth are bright, and then coke. "
"Musicians are not Huang Zhong, Lu, Xiange and Gan Yang, and they are at the end of the music, so they dance. Banquet, Chen Zunyi, side by side beans, with the rise and fall as the ceremony, the last ceremony is also, so there is a manager. "
The Analects of Confucius? Yang Huo: "Confucius said: Li Liyun, jade and silk clouds! Music rhyme, bells and drums are clouds! "
Yichuan said, "As far as deduction is concerned, ceremony is only a preface, and joy is only a peace. Only these two words are implicit. "
Don? Sima Zhen's Ode to Le Shu: "The joy of happiness depends on preventing desire, Tao Xin's wisdom, dancing and dancing. Shun said Xiao Shao is a continuation, and it is a continuation. Listen to its voice and know its politics, observe its vulgarity and do its vulgarity. The end is like a pearl, clear as jade, the ocean is full of ears, and the fairy shadow is jade. "
Don? Zhang Yanyuan, a famous painting of past dynasties? Describe the origin of painting: "Fu painter, enlightened, helped others, changed his mind, measured the wonderful, worked with six books, and operated in parallel at four seasons, which originated from nature and was not a narrative work. When the ancient sages were ordered to take orders, there was a turtle word with magical effect, and the dragon map became a treasure. Since the embarrassment, this is reflected in the Yao dynasty, and the story is spread in the golden book. The Xi family was born in Xinghe, and the pictures recorded in ancient books sprouted. XuanYuanShi was born in, the stone emperor looked embarrassed, kui under the mans Angle. In due course, calligraphy and painting are integrated, but they are not separated. Like the system, it is still slightly built. No book conveys its meaning, no painting sees its shape, and the meaning of heaven and earth saints. "
"According to the Department of Characters, there are six kinds of styles: one is ancient prose, two are strange characters, three are seal scripts, four are auxiliary books, five are Miao seal scripts, and six are bird books. Those that end up like the bird's head in the letter are also painted. Yan Guanglu Cloud has three meanings in the picture: one is to figure out the reason, and so is divination. Second, the same is true of knowing pictures and learning Chinese characters. Three characters, painting also. "
"Zhou Guan taught Guo Zi to write six books, and the third one is pictographic, which means painting. He is an old friend with different knowledge of calligraphy and painting. If you paint with suspicion, your painting will be clear, but it is still deeper than the reality. Therefore, rites and music must be explained, and education must be promoted. Therefore, it is necessary to retreat and rule the world. "
Thirdly, calligraphy and calligraphy appreciation play a special role in China's art education.
Calligraphy appreciation, of course, can not be limited to appreciation, but an important part of art education. Since modern times, because China copied the western art system, calligraphy has no place in the art category, which leads to the long-term separation of calligraphy from "art", the long-term neglect of calligraphy art, and the mixed quality of our art education, the pursuit of near and far, and the pursuit of the end. In this regard, we should recognize the important role of art education, and then see the special significance of calligraphy as an art in art education in China.
Art education is an indispensable part of a complete education system, and it is a quality education to cultivate innovative ability. Art education plays an irreplaceable role in talent cultivation and human intelligence development.
When it comes to art education, it is necessary to mention the "zero project" of Harvard University in the United States.
The direct cause of this project is that after the Soviet Union successfully launched the artificial satellite for the first time in 1957, it caused the shock of the American ruling and opposition parties, and called for finding the reasons for the backward education. Ten years later, scholars have reached a unanimous conclusion: although science education in the United States is more advanced than that in the former Soviet Union, art education lags behind that in the former Soviet Union, which does not have a complete art education system from kindergarten to university. The trained scientific and technological personnel lack the necessary cultural quality and artistic accomplishment, which affects the improvement of scientific and technological level and leads to the failure of space technology in the competition. Since then, the United States has always attached great importance to art education. 1994, the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives passed the Goal of 2000: American Education Act, which added art education (including music, visual arts, dance and drama arts) as a "core discipline". This is the first time in the United States and even the world that art education has been brought to an unprecedented important position in the form of law. Therefore, at present, more than 70% colleges and universities in the United States have opened art departments or music departments, and many universities have also opened art colleges or music colleges, requiring undergraduates to spend a quarter of their time studying art and humanities, and 73% of them are required by MIT to take art courses.
In 20XX, Professor Feng of Nanjing Art Institute proposed that "China should start the' zero project' of art education as soon as possible". Why is it named after "zero"? Harvard University uses "zero" to show their blank understanding of art education and their determination to start from scratch. Judging from the scientific and advanced nature of school art education, there are indeed many things to be done in China that deserve to be re-recognized and started from scratch. The name "art education zero project" can play a positive warning role. (See Journal of Nanjing University (Philosophy and Humanities Edition), the first issue in 20XX)
Imagine that in today's society, whether it is high-tech competition or the competition of comprehensive national strength between countries, it will be concentrated in the competition of talent quality and education level. Therefore, education has no reason not to strengthen quality education, and education has no reason not to strengthen the cultivation of innovative ability.
Therefore, no matter what major students study, they should have certain cultural and artistic accomplishment, which is the need of modern society. A society and nation without art is unimaginable, and education without art is incomplete.
What is the special significance of calligraphy in art education in China?
Let's pay attention to an important theory that the whole world is paying attention to. In XXXX, Professor sperry of the University of California won the Nobel Prize in Biomedicine for his theory of "division of labor between left and right brain".
Professor sperry's experimental conclusion on the study of the function of the two hemispheres of the human brain shows that:
The left hemisphere is mainly responsible for logical understanding, memory, time, language, judgment, arrangement, classification, logic, analysis, reasoning, inhibition and so on. The way of thinking is continuous, continuous and analytical. Therefore, the left brain is also called conscious brain, academic brain and language brain.
The right hemisphere is mainly responsible for spatial image memory, intuition, emotion, body coordination, visual perception, art, music rhythm, imagination, inspiration, epiphany and so on. Its way of thinking is disorderly, jumping and intuitive. The storage capacity of the right brain is 6.5438+0 million times that of the left brain. The right brain, like a universal doctor, is good at finding various solutions to problems, and many advanced thinking functions depend on the right brain. So the right brain is also called instinctive brain, subconscious brain, creative brain, musical brain and artistic brain.
In other words, the left brain is mainly engaged in logical thinking and the right brain is mainly engaged in image thinking, which is the source of creativity and the center of art and experience learning.
So, what does this theoretical research result mean?
This theoretical study reveals a surprising and regrettable fact: in real life, 95% people only use the left brain, while the right brain with almost unlimited potential is still "sleeping".
Naturally, this research result has caused the world to shake. Japanese scholar Shinagawa also pointed out: "People actually have two brains, namely, the left brain with logical thinking function and the right brain with illogical thinking function, which produces intuitive, vivid and associative thinking. At present, most functions of the left brain, such as calculating, writing and assembling machines, are being replaced by computers with microcomputers and office computers as the main equipment. In this case, if people can't use their right brain in areas where computers can't do anything, such as generating new ideas and making intuitive and comprehensive judgments, then they will become useless people. "
"Become a useless person", Shinagawa is actually saying that if the right brain is not developed, people will be abandoned by the rapidly developing and creative new century, because people's creative intelligence comes from the right brain and is completed by the cooperation of the left and right brains. If the right brain is underdeveloped, it will be difficult for society to develop. This is an introduction to the article "Awakening the Sleeping Right Brain" published by China Sports Daily in February 1992 16. There are many related research reports. Let me give you another example:
Guangming Daily published some hopes and suggestions of Professor steve chen on how to develop the right brain in China in the neurophysiology research room of the Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical College on XXXXX1October 25th. Professor Chen thinks:
1. The ongoing educational reform in China should be combined with the development of the right brain.
2. I hope to popularize right-brain knowledge among teachers and develop right-brain intelligence.
3. In order to cultivate new teachers with right-brain consciousness, it is best to add the content of right-brain intelligence development in the teaching materials of normal colleges (including kindergarten teachers, technical secondary schools and universities) to improve the quality of future teachers and urge them to change their way of thinking.
4. It is an arduous task to develop right-brain intelligence, which requires the close cooperation of experts in various related disciplines, focusing on scientific research and popularization.
After reading these introductions and knowing Professor sperry's "theory of division of labor between left and right brain", we will certainly feel a little emotional and develop the right brain. How important it is! Although this theory was not first put forward by scientists in China, they can track the world's leading achievements in scientific research and actively offer suggestions for the introduction and digestion, and their spirit is still admirable.
However, it needs to be pointed out that in the face of westerners' "advanced" and "scientific research achievements", many of us are only satisfied with being a series of experimenters in the advanced scientific research theory of westerners for more than 100 years since modern times, and often praise everything in the West without thinking, advanced and advanced. It seems that we have to follow the share of westerners forever, and this mentality is problematic.
In this regard, have we ever wondered why westerners put forward the proposition of developing the right brain? Professor sperry's theory of division of labor between left and right brain reveals the amazing fact that 95% people only use the left brain while the right brain is still "sleeping", which is also a regrettable fact in China? Is China's right brain "sleeping"?
In this regard, we must talk about the relationship between words and the brain.
The research results of western scientists show that the left hemisphere of the brain has both oral and written functions (reading and writing words), while the right hemisphere can only understand a few written words.
What does this mean?
This shows an important fact that the phonetic symbols of westerners are "single-brain words" biased towards the left brain. Therefore, the reading and writing of western pinyin characters is not helpful to the development of the right brain.
What about Chinese characters?
As we know, phonography expresses meaning through the intermediary of language "sound", and the way Chinese characters express meaning is not limited to sound. It expresses meaning not only by sound, but also by form. Chinese characters are a combination of form, sound and meaning. "Sound" acts on the left brain and "shape" acts on the right brain. Chinese characters are the product of the combination of the left and right brains, and Chinese characters are the "compound brain characters" of the coordinated activities of the left and right brains.
Let me introduce an important piece of evidence.
Professor Guo Kejiao from the Department of Psychology of Shanghai Normal University cooperated with the Department of Neurology of Huashan Hospital of Shanghai Medical University. Since XXXX, eight experiments have been conducted to reveal the relationship between Chinese characters and the two hemispheres of the brain, and significant scientific research results have been achieved.
Here we choose an example to look at. Since X years, Professor Guo Kejiao has taught them 6 cases of schizencephaly. These patients all removed most of the corpus callosum connecting the left and right brains in order to treat severe epilepsy. According to the research results of western scientists on the corresponding cases, these six patients should all have symptoms of left-handed agraphia, and their left hand can't write. However, the results of many postoperative examinations showed that there was no abnormal change in the handwriting of both hands. This shows that both hemispheres have the function of writing Chinese characters, reveals the relationship between Chinese characters and the two hemispheres of the brain, and shows that Chinese characters are "compound brain characters"
Professor Guo Kejiao's research profoundly reveals the difference between Chinese characters and pinyin characters from the perspective of modern science such as brain science: western pinyin characters are "single-brain characters", which are recognized by the left brain, while the right brain is idle for a long time. Chinese characters are "brain compound words", which are used by both left and right brains. People who use Chinese characters in China do not have the problem of idle right brain.
Therefore, we should rationally and correctly treat Professor sperry's theory of "division of labor between left and right brain" and westerners' theory of "developing right brain", instead of blindly following the trend, we should have our own opinions. The theory of "developing the right brain" by western scientists is of great significance to people who use pinyin characters. However, it is wrong to exaggerate it as a model of all mankind and say that the right brain of all mankind has been neglected for a long time and has been idle, which is an unparalleled ignorance of Chinese characters.
Through the above introduction, we can see the uniqueness of Chinese characters in the development of the right brain and the special advantages of China people's brain thinking because of Chinese characters. Then, imagine that calligraphy with Chinese characters as the object of expression is linked with the Chinese writing activities that everyone in China can't do without, and combined with the ideological values of China people. What is the result? Is to further enhance the advantages of Chinese characters.
Therefore, we should especially point out that the art of calligraphy is an art form that has affinity for everyone in China and is suitable for people of different ages, cultural levels and occupations.
Therefore, it should be said that calligraphy education can not be ignored from the perspective of art education or the development of the right brain. Calligraphy plays an irreplaceable role in China's art education.
Fourthly, through calligraphy appreciation and writing training, we can develop an elegant self-cultivation lifestyle.
Calligraphy appreciation, as an aesthetic education, has a wide range of applications and is suitable for appreciators of different ages, cultural levels and cultural backgrounds. Its unique function can regulate body and mind, cultivate sentiment, improve intelligence and prolong life.
This is mainly from the personal level. The reason is not difficult to understand. Ordinary literacy and writing are the coordinated activities of the left and right brains, and artistic and beautified reading and writing play an extraordinary role. In the process of appreciation, we are faced with a series of works of art, just like the beautiful scenery of nature, which naturally makes people feel relaxed and happy. And through the weather in the strokes, posture, composition experience one by one, such as the intensity of strokes reflected in the thickness, the slow rhythm of strokes reflected on the tape. Over time, it will naturally adjust our physical and mental rhythms, be contented and support our nature.