First, the ideological and moral education in reading
(A good topic allows students to quickly grasp the central idea of the text. The theme is the "eye" of a paper, which can often clearly reflect the theme of the paper, such as Monument and Stubborn Little Red Army. In teaching, we can grasp the topic and combine the content of the paper to carry out ideological and moral education.
(2) Grasping the key words and phrases and making students deeply understand some key words and phrases in literary papers are the key for the author to express his thoughts and feelings, and may also be the center of the paper. Therefore, teachers should start with these keywords and phrases, and guide students to taste how the author chooses words and makes sentences, so that students can see this person, hear his voice and feel immersive, thus playing a subtle ideological role.
(3) Experience the thoughts and feelings of the paper through flexible reading.
1. Experience thoughts and feelings in repeated reading. Mr. Zhu Zuohong once said: "Interpretation is dead, just like anatomy. Reading aloud is alive, just like giving life to a work; Interpretation can only let people know, and reading aloud can make people feel better. " It may be difficult for primary school students with little social experience to understand the thoughts and feelings of the paper at once, but as long as students read it repeatedly and understand it actively, they will certainly feel something, thus cultivating their sentiments and positioning their morality.
2. Experience thoughts and feelings through emotional reading. The ancients said, "When writing an essay, the husband expresses his feelings and resigns. When the reader puts on an essay, he goes with the mood, although he can express his heart." After feeling something in life, every author tries to express his joy, sadness, love or hate through specific language. Teachers should guide students to read rhythmically and emotionally, which can take many forms, such as model essay reading, tape reading, reading guide, individual reading, group reading and role reading. Let the students feel the feelings between the lines of the author attentively, and let the students' thoughts and feelings be sublimated, so as to obtain the effect that the explanation can not achieve.
3. Combine audio-visual materials to experience thoughts and feelings. Primary school students' thinking is mainly visual. In teaching, if abstract explanations are combined with specific audio-visual materials, better results can be achieved. For example, in the teaching of the article "Five Strong Men of Langya Mountain", students can better feel the fearless heroism of the strong men through strong visual shock combined with film screening.
(4) Strengthening students' ideological and moral education through extracurricular reading "The New Curriculum Standard for Primary School Chinese" requires: "Cultivate students' extensive reading interest, expand reading scope, increase reading volume, and advocate doing less questions, reading more books, reading good books and reading whole books. Encourage students to choose their own reading materials and try to use information channels such as libraries and networks to carry out inquiry reading. Expand the reading range, and the total amount of extracurricular reading is not less than 6.5438+0 million words. "Extracurricular reading is an indispensable part of learning Chinese well. By reading excellent books close to life, students can pay more attention to and love life.
(5) Deepen ideological education in combination with students' reality. While reading the text, teachers should combine students' reality, let students pour out their inner feelings and inspire each other, so as to consolidate and improve the educational achievements that have been made.
Second, the ideological and moral education in writing
(A) in the examination, it is the basis of the composition to clarify the purpose of writing the paper and reflect the requirements of moral education. Whether you can correctly examine the questions will directly determine the success or failure of the composition. Primary school students may find it difficult to understand the meaning of a composition because of their lack of social experience and low understanding, thus making writing fail to achieve the preset educational purpose. Teachers should grasp the key points, guide students appropriately, and help students to clarify the purpose of writing: to explain a certain truth, praise a certain spirit, learn a certain lesson, or give people some enlightenment. This first step is done, and the purpose of educating people by composition is half the battle.
(2) In selecting materials, we should choose the real materials around us and grasp the opportunity of moral education. If the central idea is compared to the soul of the paper, then the material expressing the central idea is equivalent to the flesh and blood of the paper. How to make students write papers with flesh and blood? Mr. Ye Shengtao emphasized that writing should be "I speak my mind, I write my mouth in calligraphy". If students can really show their inner world through writing, teachers can grasp the inner trends of students in time, so as to carry out corresponding moral education for specific problems.
(3) In comments, it is difficult to arouse students' enthusiasm and improve their writing level. However, if we change the marking mode to one in which teachers approve students' corrections, or even students approve students' corrections, so that students can enlighten their thoughts and cultivate their hearts in communication, they can arouse their positive spirit and gradually develop excellent moral quality.