1, Tianjing incident was the turning point of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom from prosperity to decline.

2. Sanyuanli's resistance to Britain was the first large-scale armed struggle against aggression by the people of China in the modern history of China.

3. Members of the Westernization School: Yi Xin, Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo, Zhang Zhidong and Liu Kunyi. Prince Gong Yixin was the leader who advocated westernization in Qing Dynasty.

4. The basic characteristics of feudal society in China: economically, feudal land ownership is dominant; Politically, a highly centralized feudal monarchy was implemented; Culturally, Confucianism is the core; In the social structure, it is a feudal patriarchal hierarchy combining clan power and political power; The main contradiction in feudal society in China is the contradiction between the landlord class and the peasant class.

5. The first person in modern China who opened his eyes to see the world was Lin Zexu, who compiled The History of the Four Kingdoms. After synthesizing the history, geography and foreign policies of all countries in the world, Wei Yuan put forward the idea of "learning from foreigners and gaining skills", and Yan Fu translated the theory of evolution.

6. The only prosperous period in Qing Dynasty was Kanggan.