? (a) to develop a certain concept of time and observe the habit of reasonable work and rest?
? Try to make children get up regularly, go to bed regularly, and don't sleep late. Teachers should do a good job in parents' ideological work in time, educate parents not to affect their children's sleep because they love watching TV, and stipulate the time when children get up and go out to school. School is over too early, the school gate has not yet opened, and students are wandering on the road, which is prone to accidents; Being late for school will not only affect children's own and classmates' study, but also make children delay time and not make progress. The clothes, trousers, shoes and socks that children take off before going to bed at night are required to be neatly folded and put in a fixed place. Dress neatly, and don't lose everything when you wear it. Dress, undress, wash your face and brush your teeth neatly without delay. Through constant requirements and supervision, let children develop the habit of not wasting time anyway. ?
? (2) Develop good hygiene habits?
? Children are required not to drink raw water, eat unclean food and wash raw fruits and vegetables. Teach children not to be picky about food, not to be partial to food, and not to do strenuous exercise after meals. Keep correct posture when sitting, standing, walking, sleeping, reading and writing. When reading and writing, the distance between the eyes and the desktop is not less than 33 cm; Don't read in dim light or direct sunlight; Read books when you are not lying down, walking or riding a bike; Watch TV in moderation, no more than 1 hour every day, and keep a distance of at least 2 meters from the screen, otherwise it will affect the health of children. ? (3) form the habit of doing things by yourself?
? Ask children to do what they can in life and tidy up their own things, such as dressing, folding quilts, washing their faces, washing their hands, cleaning the room, sweeping the floor and taking out the garbage, washing socks, washing handkerchiefs and so on. And be educated to do things seriously and not forget things, so as to cultivate children's practical ability and good habits of neatness and order. ?
? At present, children's self-help habits are very poor, which is a very worrying problem. If left unchecked, children will not be able to bear historical responsibility when they grow up. It should be said that this is not the child's fault. With the gradual development of children's ability and curiosity, they always want to do something by themselves. At this time, if they can give timely guidance and specific guidance, they can form a labor concept and form necessary habits while children continue to enjoy the joy of success. But most parents do everything for themselves out of love for their children and fear that their children will work hard or affect their studies. After a long time, children's enthusiasm for work disappeared and their sense of responsibility disappeared. They take the care of their parents for granted, and invisibly form an idea centered on "I". In this case, it is much more difficult to cultivate children's labor habits. Therefore, teachers should give full play to the function of family education, use the home-school contact manual to communicate with parents in time, seize the favorable opportunity when children have certain labor ability and desire after entering school, and cultivate the habit of independent life and self-service in time. ?
Second, good behavior habits?
? Good behavior habits, for children, mainly use polite expressions such as "hello, thank you, sorry, goodbye"; Guests at home should be respectful and polite, parents should not interrupt when talking with others, and guests should answer questions honestly and generously; Do not use foul language; Respect teachers and elders, love classmates and children of the same age, and care about siblings and children; Sympathize with the disabled and help them actively and enthusiastically; Observe discipline and public order; Protection of public property; Honesty; Don't lie; Not greedy for petty advantages, etc. ?
? 3. Good study habits?
? The study habits of freshmen mainly include: class habits, preparation habits before class, homework habits, writing habits, preview and review habits, stationery arrangement habits and use habits. ?
? How to really make freshmen form good habits, teachers should strive to do the following:
? (a) is strengthening, with reason to understand?
? The education of children's moral quality and behavior habits is a process of integration of knowledge and practice, and good habits will eventually fall on individual excellent external behavior. Therefore, the cultivation of habits should be mainly carried out through behavior training and behavior reinforcement. Teachers should educate children as soon as possible when they are infected with some bad behaviors. First, sincerely and patiently tell him that this behavior is wrong, help children distinguish right from wrong, and improve moral judgment. Then guide children to analyze the consequences of this behavior and establish the concept of space in their minds. Then you can suggest another good behavior in a consultative tone to supplement it. Never be satisfied with your child's oral confession or just reprimand loudly as punishment before he really realizes his mistake. This will not play an educational role. In the process of cultivating children's good behavior habits, we should persist in persuasion, adopt flexible and vivid educational methods according to children's personality characteristics, and guide children to learn and do, and stick to it. For example, in class, in view of the problem that some children are slow in doing homework and often procrastinate, you can record his homework with a watch and encourage him in time when you find progress: "You did your homework really fast this time, much faster than last time." "Look, it's two minutes fast" to arouse the enthusiasm of children to do better and faster. After repeated practice, it not only speeds up children's homework, but also cultivates children's good habit of finishing homework on time. In the usual study and activities, I have seen the bud of some good habits of children, and the teacher's positive and approving eyes have also actively strengthened this behavior. Over time, children have developed habits. ?
? At the same time, through visual publicity and education, it is also essential for students to establish a sense of developing good behavior habits. Thought is the forerunner of action. Only when students have a correct understanding can they have good behavior. Let students understand "why do you do this" is the premise of cultivating education. According to the content of "Primary School Code" and "Pupils' Daily Behavior Habits", combined with the situation of class students, the class style and rules are formulated, supplemented by fables, famous sayings, and nursery rhymes. Make abstract concepts concrete, vivid and vivid, so that students can be infected and inspired. For example, publicize the first article of the Code of Daily Conduct for Primary School Students, "Respect the national flag and national emblem? "At that time, the teacher explained the origin of the national flag, the meaning of the national emblem and the production process of the national anthem in vivid language. At the same time, starting from the modern history of China, he told the touching stories of many martyrs who struggled to create a new China, which made students feel reverence and love for the national flag and emblem. . Because we insist on such propaganda and induction every week, we publicize a norm every week to help students digest and understand, remember on the basis of understanding, purify students' thoughts, and form the ideology of developing good behavior habits. ?
(2) Words and deeds, moving people with emotion?
Comenius said: "The teacher's job is to educate students with his own example." ? Students have a strong sense of learning from teachers. In the process of cultivating students' good psychological quality, the role of the class teacher is very important, and his example is an extremely important external condition for children to develop good habits. . Because the teacher is the organizer and instructor of the class, his words and deeds often have a great influence on the students unconsciously. Especially junior students, because they are young, curious and good at imitation. Teachers are their idols, and they are bound to become the noblest and most prestigious role models in children's minds. Teachers' thoughts, beliefs and morals, as well as their attitudes, appearance and good words and deeds, have a subtle and positive influence on the growth of students in the process of class management, education and teaching. "Learn to be a teacher and be a model" is the truth. The Analects of Confucius describes Confucius' remarks: "He is upright, but he does not make it; His body is not right, although he does not obey. " More affirmed the importance of teachers' role models. ?
? Therefore, as a class teacher, it is particularly important to set an example. Usually, teachers should practice what they ask students to do, and teachers should do it themselves. When standing up in class, the teacher's standard standing posture is a silent command; The best example is that the teacher turns off the lights after class. Walking into the classroom, I saw scraps of paper on the ground, quietly picked them up and put them in the trash can; The ground is dirty, take the initiative to sweep with a broom; If the desktop is dirty, wipe it yourself; The tables and chairs are crooked. A row? Then, under this subtle influence, even if the teacher doesn't ask for clear requirements, children will naturally develop good behavior habits. Good behavior towards students, an approving look, a warm word, an intimate gesture and a smile can all inspire students. In addition, in the training process, teachers should often use inspection, encouragement, praise, criticism and other means to strengthen, in order to promote children to form good habits as soon as possible. ?
? (3) Be strict and persistent?
? Many teachers have done a lot of work to cultivate habits, but they always have little effect. An important problem is the lack of strict requirements. For example, some teachers put forward certain requirements for children, but in order to grasp the quality of teaching, they spend all their time and energy on teaching, instead of urging them in action, and let children back down when they encounter difficulties. This will not only fail to form good habits, but also deepen children's inertia and make them less and less courageous to face difficulties. This practice does more harm than good. Teachers should not ask too much of their children, but should be suitable for their reality.