(2) The content of psychological education. It is to make the choice and arrangement of educational content suitable for children's psychological laws.
(3) Principles and methods of psychology teaching. Teaching should follow the laws of nature and coordinate with the laws of natural activities. First of all, the teaching process should be coordinated with the students' cognitive process. Teaching is based on human cognitive process, from vague sensory impression to accurate sensory impression, from accurate sensory impression to clear sensory representation, from clear sensory representation to clear concept.
(4) Educators should adapt to children's psychological opportunities. Try to mobilize children's subjective initiative and enthusiasm, cultivate children's independent thinking ability, and let children know how to educate themselves.
Extended data
Pestalozzi believes that there are some simplest "elements" in all knowledge, which are the simplest buds of children's natural ability. The educational process should start with the simplest elements that can be understood and accepted by children, and gradually transition to more complex elements to promote the harmonious development of children's various potentials.
Pestalozzi divides education into moral education, physical education and intellectual education. On this basis, he pointed out that the element of moral education is children's love for their mothers, so the element of moral education should start with the cultivation of parent-child love and gradually develop into love for brothers, neighbors, all mankind and God. The element of physical education is the activities of all joints in children's bodies, so physical education should start with joint exercises.
Gradually expand activities such as arriving at the station, walking, running, jumping, throwing, shaking and wrestling; The initial germination of children's intelligence is the ability to perceive and observe things, which is consistent with the most basic and simple external characteristics of things in front of children, namely, number, shape and name.
Children's ability to understand these three elements is calculation, measurement and expression, and these three disciplines are to cultivate these three abilities.
Pestalozzi's thought of factor education is the result of his long-term educational practice. On this basis, the teaching methods of primary education have made great contributions to the development and popularization of primary education.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Pestalozzi