Anti-tuberculosis slogan
1, tuberculosis can be prevented and cured, and standardized treatment is the most important.
2. Control tuberculosis and make every breath healthier.
3. Control tuberculosis according to law to prevent its spread.
4. Prevent and treat tuberculosis for the benefit of the people.
5. Curb tuberculosis and eliminate poverty.
6. Cherish every healthy breath, starting with controlling tuberculosis.
7, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, poverty eradication
8. Actively prevent and control tuberculosis and manage tuberculosis according to law.
9. Patients with infectious tuberculosis can receive free examination and treatment at the local CDC.
10, cough for three weeks, suspected tuberculosis.
1 1. Tuberculosis is a chronic respiratory infectious disease that seriously harms people's health.
12, tuberculosis-an infectious disease that seriously threatens human health; Implement centralized management to effectively control tuberculosis.
13, we are at risk of contracting tuberculosis.
14, to raise public awareness of participating in and supporting tuberculosis prevention and treatment.
15, early detection of suspected tuberculosis, preventable and treatable is not terrible.
16, tuberculosis is widespread, and the control starts with me.
17, control tuberculosis according to law and prevent the spread of tuberculosis.
18, actively find and cure tuberculosis.
19, a government organization, concentrates on the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.
20. If you have tuberculosis, your family should have a physical examination.
2 1, tuberculosis is not terrible, and the treatment should be formal.
22, adhere to centralized management, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis according to law.
23. Control tuberculosis and stay away from poverty.
24, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, to protect people's health.
It's not terrible to get tuberculosis. The government will treat him for free.
26, coughing for three weeks in a row, suspected tuberculosis.
27. Mobilize the whole society to pay attention to tuberculosis.
28, cough and hemoptysis, should be timely and reasonable investigation.
29, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, perseverance.
30, often open the window for ventilation, don't spit everywhere.
3 1, strengthen the centralized management of tuberculosis and promote the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.
32. March 24th is World Tuberculosis Day.
How to prevent tuberculosis
1 Control the source of infection
1. 1 isolation treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients
(1) First of all, give more care and encouragement to tuberculosis patients, eliminate tension and fear, create a good living environment for them, get the cooperation of patients, and improve their confidence in overcoming the disease.
(2) Tuberculosis patients need to take drugs for a long time. All tuberculosis patients should receive supervised chemotherapy under direct vision, that is, take drugs under the supervision of specialized personnel and complete the course of treatment according to the prescribed dose, otherwise the treatment will easily fail, leading to an increase in drug-resistant strains.
(3) Patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis should live in hospital isolation area and receive regular treatment and nursing. Those who fail to be hospitalized should be sent by the hospital leaving institution to personally guide the patients and their families or related personnel to master the disinfection and isolation methods at home, and regularly evaluate and test the disinfection measures until they are non-infectious (subject to medical monitoring).
(4) The medical wastes used by patients and the domestic garbage of patients are all medical wastes, and there should be a special person who is responsible for putting them into double-layer yellow plastic bags, sealing them layer by layer and then sending them for incineration, and doing a good job of self-protection.
1.2 treatment of latent tuberculosis infection
(1) Latent infection, generally speaking, after being infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, the body first appears defensive reaction, thus being in a state of latent infection. However, latent tuberculosis infection will develop into tuberculosis at any time, leading to the emergence of new patients. By treating potential tuberculosis patients, the potential sources of infection will be reduced, which will not only help protect individuals, but also help protect public health. (2) In the general population, the tuberculin skin test shows that the diameter of skin induration is greater than 10 mm, and in the high-risk population, those with skin induration above 5mm are positive, so active tuberculosis needs to be excluded, so it is usually diagnosed as potential infection. (3) At present, foreign treatment guidelines for potential tuberculosis: isoniazid is the first choice for treatment, and it is suggested that the treatment duration should be at least 6 months for adults and 9 months for children. For example, if rifampicin is used alone for 4 months, rifampicin and pyrazinamide are used together for 2 months.
2 cut off the route of transmission
Hospitals should strengthen the monitoring of nosocomial infection, formulate different effective cut-off measures according to different transmission routes, strengthen the training of medical staff on the prevention and control of infectious tuberculosis, and require grassroots personnel to do a good job in the prevention and control of infectious tuberculosis, that is, early warning and forecasting.
2. 1 health education
Grass-roots staff of tuberculosis prevention and control should always publicize the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control, educate people not to spit and cough everywhere, cover their nose and mouth lightly when sneezing, and wash their hands before and after meals. Dry bedding, clothes and tableware regularly, boil and disinfect them regularly, and keep the working and living environment clean, ventilated and sunny. Disinfect articles and air regularly in places with large flow of people, consciously develop good hygiene habits, and actively cut off the transmission route of tuberculosis.
2.2 Positive detection of tuberculosis patients
If you find friends or relatives with persistent cough, expectoration or fever for more than 3 weeks, you should remind them to go to tuberculosis prevention and control institutions or hospitals for examination, diagnosis, registration and treatment. Oh, enjoy the free diagnosis and treatment provided by TB prevention institutions, and some TB prevention institutions also stipulate the items and scope of free examination to eliminate their financial worries and concerns.
2.3 Constantly remind tuberculosis patients around you.
Tell them that tuberculosis is contagious and curable, take medicine on time and stick to the course of treatment. Consciously abide by the relevant disinfection and isolation measures, encourage them to strengthen physical exercise, maintain a reasonable diet, improve their self-care ability, actively participate in the propaganda work of tuberculosis prevention and control, and raise the awareness of self-protection of the whole people.
In the third stage, isolated tuberculosis patients are found and susceptible people are protected.
3. 1 health survey
Schools, factories, institutions, individual traders, migrant workers and towns should be surveyed and regularly examined. All newly admitted patients should receive routine examination in the hospital. Through sputum smear and X-ray examination, tuberculosis patients can be found, diagnosed, reported and treated in isolation early.
3.2 tuberculin test
The high-risk groups of latent tuberculosis screened out, such as HIV-infected people, close contacts of tuberculosis patients and intravenous drug users, infants under 4 years old exposed to high-risk tuberculosis and people with low immunity, should be tested for tuberculin, so as to find potential tuberculosis infection and carry out early protection and treatment.
3.3 Vaccination with BCG
In our country, in order to improve people's anti-tuberculosis ability, artificial immunity is mainly used to inoculate people with BCG:
(1) BCG is a non-toxic live vaccine, not pathogenic tuberculosis, and will not cause tuberculosis after inoculation. But it takes about three months from BCG vaccination to immune effect. If you have got tuberculosis during this time, you will still get tuberculosis even if you are vaccinated with BCG. In addition, the preventive effect of BCG on tuberculosis is 70% and 80%, and its protective effect can last for 5 ~ 10 years. Therefore, there is no guarantee that people vaccinated will not suffer from tuberculosis again.
(2) Promote the knowledge of BCG vaccination to people realistically, especially to the population in poverty-stricken areas, temporary population gathering places and parents of newborns. Abnormal reactions may also occur after BCG vaccination, but they can be reduced or avoided by protecting and using the vaccine, inoculating correctly and educating well. According to the history of BCG vaccination for more than 80 years, BCG vaccination can greatly reduce the incidence and mortality of tuberculosis.
Preventive measures for tuberculosis
First, control the source of infection.
The main source of infection of tuberculosis is tuberculosis patients. Patients with sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis can be reduced or even disappeared in a short time if they receive reasonable treatment in the early stage, and almost 100% can be cured. Therefore, early detection of patients, especially those with positive sputum test, and timely and reasonable treatment are the central links of modern tuberculosis prevention and treatment.
Second, cut off the route of infection.
Tuberculosis is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract, so spitting is forbidden. Sputum, daily necessities and surrounding things of patients with positive bacteria should be disinfected and properly handled. Indoor disinfection can be carried out by ultraviolet irradiation. The tableware used by the patient can be boiled, and the bedding can be exposed in the hot sun. The spittoon box toilet can be soaked for 5%- 10%. Usually, keep the room ventilated and clean, take a bath frequently and change clothes frequently.
Third, protect the vulnerable groups.
(1) Inoculate with BCG, which is a non-pathogenic live vaccine. After inoculation, people who are not infected with tuberculosis can gain specific immunity to tuberculosis, with a protection rate of about 80% and can last for 5- 10 years; The vaccination targets are mainly newborns and infants, primary and secondary school students and people in ethnic minority areas who have just entered the city. But the immunity caused by BCG vaccination is also relative, and other preventive measures should also be paid attention to.
(2) Improve the ability of anti-infection and self-protection, establish good healthy living habits, don't smoke, don't drink too much, take a bath frequently, ensure adequate sleep, have a balanced diet, have reasonable nutrition, strengthen physical exercise, prevent colds and use antibiotics rationally; In order to reduce contact with tuberculosis patients, preventive measures should be taken when visiting patients or wearing masks with the permission of doctors.
Diet adjustment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients
First of all, ensure adequate heating.
Because most patients with pulmonary tuberculosis have long-term low-grade fever, night sweats and other symptoms, they consume a lot of calories and need to be supplemented in time. These heat energy are mainly obtained from grain and oil, so in addition to the usual three meals a day, you can also add 12 side meals, and you can choose cakes and porridge soup, but it can't affect your appetite for the next meal.
Second, supplement high-quality protein.
Protein is not only a necessary substance for the growth and repair of human tissues and cells, but also an important source of enzymes, hormones and antibodies. Due to the role of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, caseous necrosis often occurs in tissues and organs of tuberculosis patients, and a large number of tissue proteins are dissolved and destroyed. protein is also needed for the repair of tuberculosis lesions. Therefore, protein should be chosen to supplement protein's losses, such as fish, shrimp, meat, eggs, milk, eggs, beans and their products are all foods rich in high-quality protein.
Third, supplement adequate vitamins and calcium.
Eat more foods rich in vitamins, such as animal liver, green fresh vegetables, peanuts, fruits and so on. Take vitamin tablets, such as vitamin B and cod liver oil pills, under the guidance of a doctor when necessary. Because a large amount of calcium needs to be supplemented to repair the calcification of tuberculosis lesions, mineral elements such as calcium and phosphorus are indispensable. This kind of food includes milk, seafood and bone soup. It is best to add some vinegar when cooking bone soup, which is beneficial to the dissolution and absorption of calcium and phosphorus and accelerates the calcification of tuberculosis lesions.
Fourth, the diet should be light.
It is full of color, smell and taste, stimulating appetite, and not too much fat. Although fat can provide more calories, it will increase the burden on the digestive system, especially the liver, reduce appetite and affect food intake. Spicy and irritating foods and condiments should not be used, because these foods are easy to stimulate and cause hemoptysis and focus expansion, which will aggravate the condition.
Preventive measures for tuberculosis in schools
1, cultivate good hygiene habits. When patients with tuberculosis cough, cover their mouths with handkerchiefs. It is best to spit on paper and burn it. The sputum cup should be soaked in 2% coal phenol soap or 1% formaldehyde solution, and it can be disinfected in about two hours. Pulmonary tuberculosis has the worst ability to resist damp heat, and it can die after boiling 15 minutes. The patient's clothes, handkerchiefs, sheets, etc. Wash after boiling. Mainly to prevent sputum pollution, 70% alcohol is the most effective daily disinfection. Tuberculosis died after exposure to 15-30 seconds. Milk must be sterilized at low temperature before it can be used.
2. Inoculate with BCG. BCG is a kind of live vaccine which is harmless to human body and can produce immunity after being inoculated with bovine tuberculosis for many generations in special culture medium. In order to find out whether vaccination is needed correctly, nodulin test is usually done before vaccination, and those who are negative are vaccinated. However, the reaction has little effect on the body. In areas with low tuberculosis infection rate, BCG can be inoculated directly without tuberculin test. After 6-8 weeks of inoculation, the antibody of tuberculin test turned negative, indicating that the human body has developed immunity; If the test is still negative, it means that the vaccination has not been successful and needs to be vaccinated again.
3, regular lung health examination Regular lung health examination can find early cases, so as to timely treatment and prevent spread. Health examination should be combined with the local tuberculosis epidemic situation 1~2 years. In rural areas, we should also cooperate with lung examination according to personal medical history, sputum examination and conscious signs to find and treat as soon as possible.
Why are schools prone to cluster epidemics of tuberculosis?
First, at present, both middle schools and universities are highly concentrated, dense, closely linked and highly mobile. Once there are infectious tuberculosis patients, it is easy to cause the spread of tuberculosis.
Second, because students are in the stage of adolescent physical development, their immune function is not perfect, and factors such as heavy study burden, great pressure, mental stress, irregular life, malnutrition, and less physical exercise, once infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, they are prone to tuberculosis. Some teachers or students don't know much about TB prevention and control knowledge, and their awareness of self-protection is poor. After discovering suspicious symptoms of tuberculosis such as cough and expectoration, not seeing a doctor early, or not reporting to the school in time after being diagnosed with tuberculosis, the school also failed to carry out the examination of close contacts of tuberculosis and take timely measures, which led to the spread of tuberculosis in the school.
Third, due to the particularity of its functions, the school pays attention to teaching in its daily work and lacks understanding of tuberculosis prevention and treatment. Some schools lack organization, prevention and control system, prevention and control measures, health education, tracing the reasons for students' truancy, and physical examination of freshmen, which has become an' important factor' in the collective infection of tuberculosis in schools.
Fourth, the source of infection was not found in time for isolation treatment. Some students are busy with their studies, neglect their health, lack knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and treatment, and can't see a doctor in time after they get sick, which delays the time of diagnosis and treatment, and the condition changes from mild to severe, from not discharging bacteria to the source of infection.
Fifth, because of social discrimination against tuberculosis, teachers and students are afraid that people around them will know after they get sick, and they are even more afraid of dropping out of school and delaying their studies. They don't want to talk about their status as students or teachers, and they don't want to go to other places to see a doctor. They hide their illness and continue their classes, so that close contacts of the school can't be screened in time and thoroughly.
Sixth, some grass-roots schools are weak in law enforcement supervision of infectious disease prevention and control, the implementation of relevant measures is not in place, and the publicity of health education is not enough, which is also the reason for the spread of tuberculosis in schools.
Key points of tuberculosis prevention and control in schools in winter and spring
In winter and spring, especially during the school term, schools should carry out tuberculosis prevention and treatment education, especially to educate teachers and students to report to the school on their own initiative after discovering suspicious symptoms of tuberculosis or patients diagnosed with tuberculosis, and not to conceal their illness or attend classes with illness. If you have infectious tuberculosis, you should take a leave of absence, stay in hospital or rest at home to avoid infecting others. After the infectivity disappears, you can return to school/go to work with the diagnosis certificate of tuberculosis prevention and control institutions. Teachers and students should be encouraged to maintain good hygiene habits, not to cough and sneeze at people around them at close range, not to spit everywhere, to ensure adequate sleep, a reasonable diet, to strengthen physical exercise, to enhance physical fitness and improve disease resistance.
Carry out health check-ups to find tuberculosis patients in time. According to the "Measures for the Administration of Health Examination of Primary and Secondary School Students" and the "Notice on Strengthening the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Schools in the Province", it is required to do a good job in the health examination of students, especially to implement the tuberculosis examination project.
Seriously implement the morning check-up and illness absence tracking system. Once a school finds a pulmonary tuberculosis patient or a suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patient, it should report to the local disease prevention and control institution in time, and report to the higher education administrative department at the same time, and make corresponding prevention and control work under the guidance of the health department.
Schools should strengthen the cleaning and disinfection of the campus environment, regularly ventilate classrooms and dormitories, keep the air fresh, and reduce the chances of tuberculosis infection and transmission. Schools at all levels should educate teachers and students about the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis through various forms of publicity and education activities such as health education classes and lectures, so as to enhance their awareness and ability of self-protection.
How to prevent tuberculosis in children
vaccination
BCG is a kind of vaccination to prevent tuberculosis in children, but don't think that everything will be fine after BCG vaccination. Generally, children are 5-7 years old, 12, 18 should be replanted in stages. The tuberculin test should be carried out 8~ 12 weeks after each inoculation. If it is negative, it should be replanted.
Infants under 3 years old who have not been vaccinated with BCG but have positive tuberculin test, infants who have close contact with tuberculosis patients with positive tuberculin test, and children who have been vaccinated with BCG but have strong positive tuberculin test should be given drug prevention.
Home care
In the acute stage of pulmonary tuberculosis, children should stay in bed, don't jump around, and do physical exercise after the acute stage. The bedroom should pay attention to ventilation and keep the air circulating, but avoid convection wind to prevent colds. Children with night sweats should change their clothes and bedding in time. When the child coughs violently, expectorant and antitussive drugs should be given appropriately to prevent sputum from blocking the airway.
Tuberculosis is a chronic wasting disease, which consumes a lot of physical strength. We should give high-calorie and high-protein foods and fresh fruits and vegetables in our diet. Protein should ensure the daily supply of 1.5 ~ 2g/kg body weight, with milk, eggs, animal liver, fish and shrimp, lean meat and bean products as the best. Milk is rich in casein and calcium, which is an ideal food for children with pulmonary tuberculosis. There is no need to limit carbohydrates, but fatty foods should not be eaten more, so as not to cause indigestion and obesity. Eat more foods rich in vitamins and inorganic salts, such as miscellaneous grains, carrots, spinach, cauliflower, apples, pears, bananas, hawthorn and so on. Avoid coffee, spicy and fried food. Cooking should be diversified to increase children's appetite. Conditional families, it is best to let children sleep in a room alone, and pay attention to the separate use of tea sets, tableware, toiletries, toys and bedding. Sputum should be spit in the spittoon, and indoor vinegar fumigation or ultraviolet disinfection should be carried out regularly.
Diet regulation
1, tremella fuciformis has the functions of moistening lung, promoting fluid production, benefiting qi and relieving cough. People with blood in tuberculosis sputum or persistent dry cough can eat it.
Usage: 5g of tremella fuciformis, soak in clear water until the tremella fuciformis swells, add water and rock sugar to make soup, and use it on an empty stomach. You can also add 3 grams of Lycium barbarum and cook together. Lycium barbarum has the function of nourishing liver and kidney. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that cough is related to various viscera, not only to the lungs. Lycium barbarum can strengthen the nourishing effect.
2, yam, has the effect of strengthening the spleen and nourishing yin. Children with tuberculosis often have loss of appetite, dry cough and fever. Chinese medicine believes that it belongs to spleen deficiency and lung yin deficiency, so yam has a certain therapeutic effect.
Usage: Peel and chop 100g yam, cook and mash it, and add a little sugar. You can also add Coicis Semen and boil it. The latter has the function of strengthening the spleen and eliminating dampness, and is especially suitable for children with thick and greasy tongue coating.
3, lily, has the effect of moistening the lungs and relieving cough, clearing the heart and calming the nerves. Especially suitable for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with chronic cough and hemoptysis.
Usage: Take fresh lily 100g, add a little sugar, boil it in water, and take it with Baihe decoction.
4, ginkgo, has the effect of astringing the lungs, relieving cough and asthma. It has certain inhibitory effect on the growth and reproduction of tuberculosis.
Usage: After the ginkgo is cooked, take 2~3 capsules each time, twice a day, or take 12g ginkgo, shell it, and cook porridge with 30g japonica rice and 30g yam.
5, honey, containing a lot of fructose, glucose, vitamins and enzymes, has the effect of moistening the lungs and nourishing yin.
Usage: Take 15ml daily with warm boiled water, or make it into paste with honey, pear juice and condensed milk, and take 1 spoon daily with warm boiled water.
How to prevent tuberculosis in children
Characteristics of tuberculosis in children
1, easy to be misdiagnosed.
Primary syndrome and tuberculosis of bronchial lymph nodes are the most common, with fewer lung cavities. Most of them have mild and slow onset, especially older children, who have no obvious symptoms and are often misdiagnosed as colds.
2, easy to cure
If the diagnosis can be made as soon as possible and the anti-tuberculosis drugs are used reasonably, it will generally begin to absorb or harden in 3-6 months, and calcify within 2 years, with a good prognosis.
Treatment measures of pulmonary tuberculosis in children
Early treatment
Bacteria with early pathological changes are in a state of growth and reproduction, and their metabolism is active. Drugs are the easiest to play a role, and early lesions are easier to repair.
Appropriate dosage
It can not only control sterilization or bacteriostasis to the maximum extent, but also be tolerated by patients with little toxic reaction. If the dose is insufficient, not only the treatment is ineffective, but also drug resistance is easy to occur.
Eight dietary methods for treating pulmonary tuberculosis in children
(1) Pig lung 1, washed and cut into pieces, peanuts 100g, simmered in a pot 1 hour, defoamed, added with 2 spoonfuls of yellow rice wine, and stewed 1 hour. Seven times a day, each time 1 bowl. Has that effect of tonifying deficiency and moisten lung. Treat tuberculosis and hemoptysis.
(2) 250g soft-shelled turtle and 20g lily stew. Take 1 time. Has the effects of promoting fluid production and nourishing blood, and can be used for treating tuberculosis with low fever and night sweats.
(3) Stew 30g of mushrooms and 0/00g of pork/kloc. It can moisten the lungs and clear away heat.
(4) Egg 1 ~ 2, green tea 1 g, 25g of honey, 300 ml of water, and cook until the eggs are cooked. Take 1 time after breakfast every day for several months to treat chronic cough caused by pulmonary tuberculosis.
(5) Boil 9 grams of tremella and add 1 duck egg. Add a proper amount of rock sugar when cooking, one day 1 time. It can clear lung heat and treat cough, scanty phlegm and dry throat.
(6) 1 white radish, washed, hollowed out, put 100g honey in a bowl, and steam it in water. Treat pulmonary tuberculosis with dry throat, chronic cough, blood in sputum, etc.
(7) leek100 ~150g, clam meat150g ~ 200g, after cooking, add appropriate amount of water to taste, and treat tuberculosis weakness.
(8) 20 grams of Lycium barbarum and 0/00 grams of japonica rice, boiled with water. After porridge is cooked, add onion and seasoning, which can treat tuberculosis if eaten regularly.
Tuberculosis in children has six characteristics.
Tuberculosis in children is mainly transmitted through respiratory tract. Healthy children inhale droplets or dust with bacteria, which leads to primary lung lesions. Digestive tract and other infections are rare, which can be caused by drinking unsterilized contaminated milk or eating contaminated other foods, leading to the alleviation of pharyngeal or intestinal lesions. Due to the anatomical physiology and immune defense of children, tuberculosis in children has the following six characteristics:
Serious infections are common.
If the mother who has tuberculosis and excretes bacteria coughs or sneezes hard, it will cause the crying baby to inhale a lot of tuberculosis bacteria in the lungs. Because infants have no specific immunity to tuberculosis infection, it can cause serious infection, which is characterized by acute onset, rapid progress and poor prognosis.
Highly sensitive to tuberculosis
Children's tissues and organs are highly sensitive to tuberculosis. Inflammation around the primary focus can be seen in the lung. In addition to the strong positive tuberculin test, multiple serositis, transient polyarthritis, herpetic keratoconjunctivitis and erythema nodosum can also be seen in the lung.
Extensive spread of lymphatic system
During the formation of primary lung lesions, tuberculosis can reach hilum and mediastinal lymphatic system along lymphatic vessels, especially cervical lymph node enlargement. Enlarged lymph nodes can also produce compression symptoms, caseous necrosis inside, and even puncture bronchi, resulting in bronchial dissemination, which has become the root cause of chronic tuberculosis poisoning and tuberculosis recurrence.
Systematic communication trend
Children with tuberculosis infection are prone to lymphatic and blood transmission after 6 weeks. In the early stage, a small amount of tuberculosis first enters the small circulation, which can be confined to the lungs, and then enters the large circulation through the lungs, spreading to all organs and tissues of the whole body. Therefore, extrapulmonary tuberculosis such as miliary tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis are very common in infants.
Special emphasis.
Primary pulmonary tuberculosis in children can occur in any part of the lung, especially in the part with good subpleural ventilation, especially on the right side.
Calcification during healing
Children's pulmonary tuberculosis lesions are easy to be cased when they change and calcified when they heal. As long as you insist on regular full-course treatment, you will eventually become calcified. Mastering the characteristics of tuberculosis in children is helpful for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of both doctors and patients, and early formal treatment of confirmed cases.
How to nurse children with pulmonary tuberculosis
(1) Appropriate rest: Children with pulmonary tuberculosis should pay attention to bed rest, do not jump, and exercise properly after the acute stage.
(2) the bedroom should be ventilated to keep the air fresh, but avoid blowing convection wind to prevent colds. Because children often night sweats, clothes and bedding should be changed frequently.
(3) Cough relieving and expectoration: When cough is severe, cough relieving and expectorant drugs should be taken orally to avoid severe cough and prevent sputum and blood clots from blocking the larger airway and causing suffocation.
(4) Reasonable diet: As tuberculosis is a chronic consumptive disease that consumes a lot of physical strength, fresh fruits and vegetables with high protein and calories should be given to help children recover as soon as possible.
(5) Isolation and prevention: In order to prevent the spread of tuberculosis and treat patients in time, early detection, early isolation, early treatment and early prevention should be achieved. Early detection of patients is an important measure to prevent tuberculosis. If the child has cough, hemoptysis and other symptoms, but still does not get better after regular treatment and rest for two weeks, he should go to the hospital for examination in time, and tuberculosis can be found and diagnosed through sputum tuberculosis examination and X-ray chest film or chest film. After discovery, you should be hospitalized in time for isolation treatment.
You can live in a single room at home if you can, and you should pay attention to the separate use of tea sets, tableware, washing utensils and bedding. Patients should not spit everywhere. If you have phlegm, you'd better spit in it, put it in a plastic bag and burn it every day. The room should be ventilated regularly, fumigated with vinegar or disinfected with ultraviolet rays to prevent cross-infection. Early treatment means that once tuberculosis is diagnosed, it must be given early, and it should be treated thoroughly in full and full course; Early prevention is to vaccinate children without tuberculosis with BCG vaccine, so that the human body has acquired immunity to tuberculosis.