Xia and Shang Dynasties, Western Zhou Dynasty and Eastern Zhou Dynasty are divided into two parts. The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period unified Qin and Han Dynasties.

Three points, two pounds extending back and forth. The Northern and Southern Dynasties coexisted, and the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties passed on.

After Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the dynasty ended.

Xia: About 207 1- about 1600.

Quotient: about 1600- about 1046

Zhou: Western Zhou Dynasty: 1 1 century -77 1.

Eastern Zhou Dynasty: 770- 7 1

Spring and Autumn Period: 770- 256 BC

Warring States period: 475- 22 1.

Qin: Qian 22 1- Qian 206

Han: Western Han Dynasty: 206 BC-23 AD.

Eastern Han Dynasty: 25-220

Three kingdoms: Wei: 220-265

Shu: 22 1-263

Wu: 222-280

Jin: Western Jin: 265-3 16

Eastern Jin Dynasty: 3 17-420

Sixteen countries: 304-439

Southern and Northern Dynasties: Southern Dynasties: Song Dynasty: 420-479

Qi: 479-502

Beam: 502-557

Chen: 557-589

Northern Dynasties: Northern Wei Dynasty: 386-534

Eastern Wei Dynasty: 534-550

BAIC: 550-557

Western Wei Dynasty: 535-557

Northern Zhou Dynasty: 557-58 1

Sui: 58 1-6 18

Tang: 6 18-907

Five Dynasties and Ten Countries: Hou Liang: 907-923.

Late Tang Dynasty: 923-936

Houjin: 936-946

Later Han Dynasty: 947-950

Last week: 95 1-960

Ten countries: 902-979

Song: Northern Song Dynasty: 960- 1 127.

Southern Song Dynasty: 1 127- 1279

Liao: 907- 1 125

Xixia: 1038- 1227

Gold:1115-1234

Yuan: 1279- 1368

Ming: 1368- 1644

Cyan:1644-1911

The education system in ancient China was constantly developing and changing with the needs of social, political and economic development in ancient China. Because it is to train talents for and serve the ruling class, any historical stage has its profound class brand.

In the Xia Dynasty, it was said that there were schools in China. According to Oracle Bone Inscriptions and ancient books, there were formal schools in Shang Dynasty. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, schools were divided into "national studies" and "rural studies". The school is mainly "advocating national affairs and military affairs", that is, teaching sacrificial knowledge and combat skills and experience. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the compulsory subjects of aristocratic children were "Six Arts", that is, "Rites, Music, Shooting, Imperial, Calligraphy and Mathematics"

Great changes have taken place in the education system during the Spring and Autumn Period. With the establishment of the feudal system in China and the social, economic and political changes, the original educational monopoly level of "learning by officials" was gradually broken, and some intellectuals began to gather to give lectures and express their political views, resulting in the so-called "private learning". During this period, the greatest influence was Confucius, a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism. Confucius never tires of learning all his life. In the long-term teaching practice, he summed up many teaching experiences, such as "adapting to the times, learning new things by reviewing old ones", "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude", knowing what it is, not knowing why, and so on. It has made great contributions to the development of ancient culture and education in China, and many teaching experiences are still in use today.

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During the Western Han Dynasty, the education system was gradually improved. During the Western Han Dynasty, there were mainly central official schools and local official schools. In order to maintain the needs of feudal rule, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "ousted a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone", and Confucian classics began to become a compulsory course for the ruling class to train talents, taking the Five Classics (Zhouyi and Book of Rites) as the subjects. During the Spring and Autumn Period, an education system was formed from the central government to the local government.

During the Sui Dynasty, China's education system reached the world level. The rise of imperial examination system in Sui and Tang Dynasties promoted the development of education. By the Tang Dynasty, the academic system was complete, including Chinese studies and Imperial College, and there were also state studies, county studies and township studies in other places. The teaching content is based on the justice of the Five Classics, which is spread all over the world. There are also professional education, such as calligraphy, mathematics, law and medicine. After the Anshi Rebellion, the number of private schools in the Tang Dynasty increased, and great writers Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan ran schools, which added new characteristics to education.

The education in Song Dynasty was more complete on the basis of Tang Dynasty. In the central government, there are Imperial College, Guo Zi School, Law School, Arithmetic School, Calligraphy School and Painting School, among which Prince School and Guo Zi School are the most important. In particular, Wang Anshi's reform of schools and imperial examinations made government-run schools very prosperous. In addition, the rise of private academies in the Northern Song Dynasty became the base for spreading Neo-Confucianism. The learning atmosphere is very active. Shigu, Bailudong, Yingtian and Songshan Academy are all famous. After the Song Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism was used by the ruling class and dominated school education.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the education system continued to develop on the basis of the previous generation. Central schools include ethnic schools and religious schools, and local schools are also very developed. There are all kinds of ordinary schools and junior colleges. The examination system adopts the imperial examination system of eight-part essay examination. The teaching content is mainly "Four Books".

There are three kinds of exams: after the township exam, after the general exam and after the palace exam. Since the mid-Ming Dynasty, academies have flourished, with Donglin Academy being the most famous, and academies have also developed into government-run schools.

The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the declining period of feudal system. In order to strengthen autocratic rule, the autocracy of education is very serious, which limits people's thinking. With the development of society, the imperial examination system is becoming more and more unsuitable. By 1905, the imperial examination system was abolished in the Qing Dynasty, but the method of fair selection of talents in the imperial examination system was preserved and still exists today.

The development of China's ancient education system is the expression of social progress. Although history has become a thing of the past, its achievements are indelible. Many valuable experiences are still worth learning. China's modern education system is bound to improve with the evolution of history.

ancient times

History usually refers to the era of slavery. Generally, it also includes the primitive commune system era. Due to the imbalance of historical development, there is no unified time limit in the world. Egypt, two river basins, China, India, Persia, etc. , are from the 30th century BC to the first few centuries (different countries). Greece and Rome, about the eighth century BC to the fifth century AD (AD 476). But in China's historiography, ancient China also included feudal society.