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What are the representatives of traditional educational theory?
The representative of traditional educational theory should be Ansari, the authoritative master of Islam. Ansari was the most outstanding Islamic doctrinaire and philosopher in the Middle Ages. In his thirties, he taught at Nizam University, a famous institution of Seljuk Dynasty. Ansari's educational thought pays special attention to religious mysterious experience, but it does not absolutely deny the role of rational thinking, logical argumentation and empirical observation. In his later years, his expositions on religion and philosophy in his works such as The Destruction of Philosophers and the Revival of Islamic Religious Commandments are also the concentrated expression of his religious education thoughts. Ansari believes that religious belief includes internal belief and external behavior, which complement each other and cannot be neglected. Ansari pointed out that knowledge and belief belong to different fields, "knowledge" is a rational field and "belief" is a spiritual field, and the two cannot replace each other; The authority of reason is limited to the field of knowledge and has no position in the field of belief. Out of doubts about people's perceptual knowledge and rational knowledge, Ansari advocates that faith must be reduced to spiritual activities and rationality must be confined to the field of knowledge. For the former, we should take the Lord's command as the starting point, start from experiencing ourselves, and know God through telepathy and inner integrity; For the latter, reason should be used as a tool to frame beliefs and educate the general believers who have gone astray, but it should be used with caution, just like a doctor prescribing toxic drugs. He also believes that in order to restore the status of "true faith", it is necessary to strengthen religious education for ordinary believers so that they can understand basic beliefs without knowing them. The Muslim Popular Credo written in his later years is a popular religious reading for this purpose, which is easy to recite and remember.