In recent years, although the state has increased its support for the development of traditional Chinese medicine, the development of traditional Chinese medicine is not satisfactory. So, what is the brief exposition of the development of traditional Chinese medicine?
1. development of traditional Chinese medicine
The development of traditional Chinese medicine is summarized from the following three aspects:
(A) the historical contribution of Chinese medicine
Influenced by the traditional culture of China, many excellent pharmacological monographs have appeared in the historical process of China. For example, Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty summarized China's pharmaceutical experience for more than 1000 years and published Compendium of Materia Medica on 1596. This book contains 1892 drugs, 1 1000 prescriptions and1/60 illustrations. At that time, it was a masterpiece of China traditional medicine, which not only collected the essence of previous pharmaceutical works, but also corrected and criticized some wrong and untrue data and conclusions stated by some pharmaceutical secretaries in the past. As far as we know, there was no work called botany in Europe in the sixteenth century. It was not until 1657 that Poland translated this book into Latin that it promoted the development of European botany. It was nearly two hundred years after the publication of Compendium of Materia Medica that Xiaolan Shen reached the same level. Because of the brilliant achievements of Compendium of Materia Medica, this book is known as? Encyclopedia of Oriental Medicine? It has been translated into many foreign languages and published, which is an important reference material for botany, zoology and mineralogy research. In addition, the theoretical system of TCM has laid a very important foundation and framework for China culture. To give a very simple example: Yin and Yang, five elements, Tao and Qi in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine are also the core contents of China's ancient philosophy, which created advanced ideas such as Taoism; Moreover, some ancient scientific and technological knowledge such as astronomy, geography, meteorology and phenology can also be reflected in the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine.
(B) the superiority of traditional Chinese medicine
In today's society, people are used to seeing and eating western medicine, but they ignore the unique advantages of Chinese medicine. The advantage of western medicine is that symptomatic treatment is effective quickly, but it is often a temporary solution rather than a permanent cure. Is Chinese medicine particular? Tracing back to the source? We can't look at the physiological and pathological changes of the human body in isolation, but we should synthesize all the reasons. This idea is still very applicable today.
(C) the development of traditional Chinese medicine
Traditional Chinese medicine has been developing continuously since ancient times. The earliest pharmacological monograph "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" appeared in Han Dynasty. This book systematically summarizes the pharmaceutical achievements before the Han Dynasty and has a far-reaching impact on the development of materia medica in later generations. In addition, there are outstanding works of traditional Chinese medicine, such as Notes on Materia Medica in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Newly-revised Materia Medica in Sui and Tang Dynasties, Kaibao Materia Medica in Song Dynasty, Supplementary Notes on Jia You Materia Medica, etc. , and will not be repeated here. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China vigorously supported the development of traditional Chinese medicine, and successively appeared Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (PRC), Yearbook of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine in China, Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Illustration of Primary Color Chinese Herbal Medicine, etc. These academic works are not only numerous, but also complete in categories, which have raised materia medica to a new level from all angles.
Second, the development status and existing problems of traditional Chinese medicine
development status
In recent years, although the state has given more support to the development of Chinese medicine, the development of Chinese medicine is not satisfactory. According to statistics, in recent years, the drug income of Chinese medicine hospitals has been in a continuous downturn, and there are three low phenomena, that is, the treatment rate of Chinese medicine is low, the critical rate is low, and the utilization rate of Chinese herbal medicine is low.
(B) Problems in the development of traditional Chinese medicine
1. The development of traditional Chinese medicine is slow
The slow development of TCM is related to the following reasons: (1) The lack and closure of the theory itself: the idea of Yin-Yang, Five Elements and the unity of man and nature is the basic framework of TCM theory, which not only requires the accumulation of experience, but also has no strict scientific expression; (2) Complexity of varieties of traditional Chinese medicine: varieties of traditional Chinese medicine often present the situation of "one medicine with multiple sources, foreign substances with the same name and the same thing with different names". Once misused, great problems will occur, which will increase people's fear of traditional Chinese medicine and make it unsafe; (3) Social factors: Nowadays, the pace of life is getting faster and faster, and people are pursuing high efficiency. The emergence of western medicine has greatly met people's needs, while Chinese medicine is a long and slow process. Therefore, people gradually prefer western medicine to Chinese medicine.
2. There are few successors to the cause of Chinese medicine.
Most Chinese medicine talents are concentrated in Chinese medicine hospitals, and most of them graduated from Chinese medicine universities. However, there are very few Chinese medicine practitioners who really guide the diagnosis and treatment activities according to Chinese medicine ideas, especially young Chinese medicine practitioners, who don't even know the ingredients of commonly used prescriptions.
3. Most TCM talents tend to be westernized.
Zhan Xiuqin once said: "Compared with western medicine, Chinese medicine has obvious advantages of multi-components and multi-targets, which is in the same strain with the holistic view of Chinese medicine and the theoretical characteristics of syndrome differentiation and treatment." Indeed, the composition of traditional Chinese medicine is more complicated, unlike that of western medicine. When you see a western medicine and know its ingredients, you can quickly know the chemical reaction inside and understand why it can treat this disease, but obviously, Chinese medicine can't. But this does not mean that the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine is not good, which is both an advantage and a disadvantage. In the modern development of traditional Chinese medicine, we must not abandon this advantage and extract effective components from traditional Chinese medicine, just like the laboratory synthesis of western medicine. Then, TCM will be westernized. According to today's experiment, we can easily know that this method is not feasible.
Three. Measures and suggestions
Relatively speaking, there are still many advantages of traditional Chinese medicine: Chinese medicine prescription is the main method to treat diseases, and most of them come from nature, so most of them are mild in nature and have little toxic and side effects, which can be reduced through compatibility; Unique health care system: nowadays, with the improvement of people's quality of life, people pay more and more attention to their physical condition, and the health care theory of traditional Chinese medicine adds greater advantages to the development of traditional Chinese medicine. The author believes that to solve the problems existing in the development prospect of traditional Chinese medicine, we can start from the following aspects:
(A) improve the standardization system of traditional Chinese medicine
Standardization system consists of problems, activities, standards, institutions, rules and regulations. Now every factor is constantly improving and striving for perfection. For example, a special Chinese medicine standardization management institution has been established to make the formulation of Chinese medicine standards sustainable; Another example: the national survey of Chinese herbal medicines every five years and the updating of China Pharmacopoeia every five years are also aimed at establishing a standardized system and making Chinese herbal medicines more convincing.
(2) Improve the legal system and policies.
Actively promote the legal system construction of traditional Chinese medicine, so that traditional Chinese medicine can have a place in the law and provide a legal environment for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine; Perfection of management system and operation system: to implement state control on some traditional Chinese medicines and realize state management of traditional Chinese medicines, every step should be standardized to ensure that there will be no principled mistakes; Strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights of traditional Chinese medicine and providing patent protection to some Chinese medicine researchers can make them more confident to contribute to the cause of traditional Chinese medicine.
(3) Guarantee conditions
With the increasing investment in the development of Chinese medicine, more and more college students and research teams can explore and study Chinese medicine without worries. The increase of bases and platforms, such as the GAP production base in China, where the processing of Chinese herbal medicines is comprehensive and standardized, is worth visiting by many scientific research teams and even medical teams.
Take the essence and discard the dross.
No matter what industry, innovation is needed, and now the most obvious method is "combination of Chinese and western medicine", which can also be said to be "combination of Chinese and western medicine", because medicine is not separated! In the aspect of Chinese and western medicine, the idea of "taking its essence and discarding its dross" should be thoroughly penetrated. No matter what theoretical system, it has its own unique advantages, of course, there are also shortcomings. Therefore, it needs to be constantly improved. For example, in terms of theoretical system, the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine has been formed, and we only need to constantly repair it. Don't give up just because many explanations are unreasonable. At this stage, the biggest thing we have to do is to make Chinese medicine more scientific and rigorous, so as to go abroad and go to the world.
(5) Strengthen personnel training.
Strengthening personnel training is of great help to the development of traditional Chinese medicine in China. Therefore, some colleges and universities should strengthen the cultivation of students, increase the enlightenment education of Chinese pharmacy, extracurricular practice and carry out corresponding academic lectures.
Fourth, summary.
At present, Chinese medicine has gradually moved towards modernization. Whether this effect is significant or not, whether this road is unimpeded or not, at least it shows that Chinese medicine is constantly innovating. There is no doubt that Chinese medicine is a medicine. At the same time, Chinese medicine is also a commodity. With the requirements of globalization, Chinese medicine began to go abroad and enter foreign markets. Perhaps it will take some time for the recognition of Chinese medicine. However, as the old saying goes, "If winter comes, can spring be far behind?" The same is true of Chinese medicine. As long as we are not arrogant and impetuous in this process, we will certainly gain a lot. At the same time, we should do three things: adhere to the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine; Adhere to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine; Insist on innovative research and development of traditional Chinese medicine.
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