The transformation of basic education from exam-oriented education to quality education is an inevitable trend of educational reform to a deeper level. Let's talk about the transformation of basic education from exam-oriented education to quality education.
The transformation of basic education from exam-oriented education to quality education is the need of economic and social development in the 2 1 century and the only way to reform all kinds of disadvantages in the field of basic education. To realize this change, we must establish modern educational ideas, deepen the reform of curriculum system, teaching methods and examination system, build high-quality teachers, and establish effective evaluation and operation mechanisms.
Keywords basic education; Examination-oriented education; Quality education; change
Basic education is the primary stage of the whole education. The quality of basic education directly affects the quality of education and talents in the subsequent stage. In the stage of basic education, it is necessary to realize the transformation from exam-oriented education to quality education. This is the trend of education reform, the need of social development and the only way to reform the disadvantages of basic education. We should strive to realize the transformation of basic education from exam-oriented education to quality education.
First, the transformation from exam-oriented education to quality education conforms to the trend of world education reform and the needs of economic and social development in the 2 1 century.
2 1 century is a century of fierce competition. It is generally believed that the competition in the international community in the future will be the competition of comprehensive national strength, especially the competition of talents and national quality, which is ultimately the competition of education. In this sense, whoever has mastered the education oriented to 2 1 century will be in a strategic and active position in the international competition of 2 1 century. Therefore, all countries in the world attach great importance to the reform and development of education and shift their strategic focus from material and capital investment to talent investment. On the strategic development goal, we should put talent training in the first place, and take improving the national quality and cultivating a new generation across the century as the core of education. On the issue of education quality, countries attach importance not only to the educated's knowledge quality, but also to the intellectual quality, self-cultivation quality and the harmonious development of culture, morality, physical and psychological quality. With the rapid development of modern social science and technology and the continuous improvement of productivity, the requirements for the quality of workers are getting higher and higher. Therefore, the function of education has been strengthened, and improving the quality of all citizens has been placed in an increasingly prominent position. To build Socialism with Chinese characteristics, realize the great rejuvenation of the nation and reach the developed level of productivity, it is required to train a large number of talents of all levels and types to meet the needs of economic and social development, and these talents are required to have comprehensive qualities, including moral quality, psychological quality, scientific quality, labor quality, aesthetic quality and communication quality. The formation of these qualities is impossible for exam-oriented education. Only comprehensive quality education oriented to modernization can shoulder this historical responsibility. Therefore, the transformation of basic education from exam-oriented education to quality education has become an inevitable choice of the times.
Second, the transformation from exam-oriented education to quality education is determined by the basic tasks of basic education.
Basic education is an important part of China's education and plays an extremely important role in socialist modernization. To realize modernization, a large number of senior talents are needed. The cultivation of these talents depends on higher education, the source of which is basic education. Basic education can lay a good foundation for the cultivation of talents and provide high-quality students. If basic education is not done well, it will affect the quality of personnel training and ultimately the modernization drive. As we all know, the basic task of basic education is to train qualified freshmen for higher schools, train qualified workers for all walks of life, and lay the foundation for students to continue their all-round development after leaving school. Its contents include moral education, intellectual education, physical education, aesthetic education and labor education. It has the characteristics of universality, nationality and enlightenment. The education children receive at this stage will often affect their life and the formation of their outlook on life, world outlook and values. Therefore, we can't turn basic education into a simple exam-oriented education and further education, but a comprehensive quality education that affects students' all-round development.
Thirdly, the transformation from exam-oriented education to quality education is the only way to reform all kinds of disadvantages in the field of basic education.
It is undeniable that in recent years, China's basic education has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results. However, we should also see that the disadvantages of exam-oriented education still exist in the field of basic education. It is these drawbacks that affect the all-round development of students and the improvement of national quality. What is the essence of exam-oriented education? Exam? Everything revolves around the goal? Exam? Carry out educational activities. It is a kind of selection and elimination education, and rewards and punishments are determined by the strength of the test-taking ability, the number of points scored in the test, and the success or failure of the enrollment rate. It is committed to instilling book knowledge within the scope of examination subjects, and is committed to obtaining the enrollment rate of high school. This has produced various drawbacks: first, the "limitations" of the educational object. Its main feature is to choose children who are suitable for education, rather than creating education suitable for children, resulting in a considerable number of students being eliminated at different stages and levels. The second is the one-sidedness of educational content. Examination-oriented education causes everything to revolve around the baton of examination, teaching what to test, and not teaching and not testing knowledge and skills. The third is the superficiality in the teaching process. Examination-oriented education only pays attention to the cultivation of students' examination-oriented ability, but ignores comprehensive quality education. Teaching lacks proper depth and is often superficial. The fourth is the unreality of educational effect. For the exam, I sneaked into the warehouse and replaced the students' ability with the teachers'. Therefore, the level marked by scores can not fully reflect the actual quality level of students, and exam-oriented education can not complete the mission of improving the quality of the people. The essence of quality education is to combine the innate talent of people with the influence of acquired social factors according to the development needs of society and people, and to promote the comprehensive and harmonious development of the educated. Compared with exam-oriented education, quality education has incomparable great advantages: first, subjectivity, that is, in the process of education, we should respect students' subjective status, give full play to students' subjective role and mobilize students' subjective enthusiasm; The second is comprehensiveness, that is, facing all students, creating conditions for comprehensively improving each student's comprehensive quality and developing personality; The third is the foundation, which lays a good foundation for the lifelong development of every educated person and establishes a solid growth point for the all-round development of their quality; Fourth, the times, quality education is the product of contemporary social development, which embodies the specific requirements of contemporary social development for educational objectives, contents and forms, and has distinct characteristics of the times; Fifth, comprehensiveness, focusing on cultivating students' qualities in all aspects, so as to form an organic whole that promotes, restricts and supplements each other; The sixth is hierarchy, which makes the development of students' physical quality, psychological quality and social quality form a gradual process from low to high and from quantitative change to qualitative change. Therefore, in order to eliminate the disadvantages of exam-oriented education in basic education, quality education must be implemented.
Fourth, deepen reform and strive to realize the transformation from exam-oriented education to quality education.
The transformation of basic education from exam-oriented education to quality education is an inevitable trend of educational reform and a profound revolution in the field of education. We should fully understand the importance, necessity and urgency of this revolution and strive to do it well.
1. Change educational ideas and establish modern educational concepts.
To promote quality education in an all-round way, we must change the traditional concept of education, establish a modern and correct concept of education and quality, face all students, and lay a solid foundation for students to learn to be human, knowledge, labor, life, fitness and aesthetics, so that they can develop in an all-round way in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty.
2. Accelerate the curriculum reform.
Implement the curriculum plan promulgated by the State Education Commission and establish a curriculum system consisting of subject courses, activity courses and hidden courses. It is necessary to effectively solve the problem of difficult teaching materials and various counseling materials in the compulsory education stage, and reduce the academic burden of students.
3. Reform teaching methods
Transform the past? Injection? 、? Full house irrigation? Heuristic teaching replaces traditional teaching methods, respects students' dominant position in the learning process and gives full play to teachers' leading role.
4. Accelerate the reform of the examination system.
At present, in places where nine-year compulsory education is popularized, it is necessary to cancel the graduation examination for primary school graduates and the entrance examination for junior high schools, implement the nearest school entrance, and gradually abolish the repeat reading system in the compulsory education stage. It is necessary to further improve the junior and senior high school graduation examination system and give full play to the guiding role of graduation examination in secondary education.
5. Improve policy orientation.
The first is to reform the current labor and personnel system and the graduate distribution system. Reforming the current college entrance examination is to transfer the household registration, end the iron rice bowl and promote the household registration system that pursues the enrollment rate unilaterally. The second is to further reform the structure of secondary education, vigorously develop vocational and technical education, and reduce the pressure of competition for further studies.
6. Establish an effective evaluation mechanism and operational mechanism.
According to the educational policy, the goal of quality education and the requirements of social development, we should resolutely abandon the single, one-sided and static evaluation standard of evaluating schools, teachers and students by the enrollment rate and examination results, and use modern educational evaluation means and techniques to separate the qualified rate of middle schools from the enrollment rate, thus establishing a comprehensive, developed and scientific evaluation system for quality education, combining the effective evaluation mechanism with the operational mechanism, and ensuring the realization of the evaluation goal through effective operation.
7. Building high-quality principals and teachers.
The headmaster is in the core position and decision-making position of the management system in the process of running a school. The principal's thought, behavior and style directly affect the overall situation of school work. Teachers are the main force of teaching and educating people in schools and play a leading role in the whole education process. Teachers' ideological quality, personality quality and knowledge level play a very important role in cultivating students' comprehensive quality. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of principals and teachers to create good conditions for vigorously promoting quality education.
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