/kloc-At the beginning of the 0/9th century, there appeared an important long poem "Talas on Mount Pa Nasos", whose author is unknown. This long poem expresses sympathy for the oppressed peasants and hatred for serfdom. Rich in language and vivid in image.
Pavlyuk Bachelin, a famous serf poet, also belongs to the first half of19th century, and the year of birth and death is difficult to verify. His father was sentenced to death for taking part in the peasant uprising. Bachelin was punished as a soldier for writing poems against landlords, and four poems were confiscated. Only one poem has survived to this day.
During the peasant uprising led by Calinovschi (1863~ 1864), there were many poems and poetry declarations written in Belarusian (including Calinovschi's own works).
In addition, Lie Bin's works reflect the interests of Polish serf owners and nationalists, and describe farmers' lives in an idyllic mood.
Du Ning Marzin Kevic (1807~ 1884) is the representative figure of Belarusian liberal aristocratic literature in this period. In the works written before the liberation of serfs, he described the peasants' labor realistically, and at the same time beautified the relationship between peasants and landlords and rural life under the patriarchal clan system. In the works written after 65438+ 1960, the corruption and bribery of czar officials and the exploitation of the bourgeoisie were sharply portrayed. Although his works have their limitations, they still have artistic value and cognitive value.
/kloc-the most outstanding Belarusian poet in the second half of the 9th century was Bogushevich (1840~ 1900). He was born in a small aristocratic family, went to Petersburg University, and was expelled for taking part in the student movement. 1863 Wounded in Calinovschi Uprising and Exiled in Ukraine 15 years. His first two collections of poetry, Moody in Belarus (189 1) and Choir in Belarus (1894), were published under pseudonyms. He is familiar with peasant life, and his poems are full of the spirit of protest against society, which can be said to be the representative of Belarusian realism.
19 among the democratic poets in the 1980s and 1990s, the famous ones are Yanka Ruqinna (185 1~ 1897) and Adam Gurinovich (1869~ 1894). Yanka Ruqinna was born in a declining aristocratic family, received higher education and worked on the railway. His poems touched on the class contradictions in rural Belarus.
The Russian revolution from 1905 to 1907 swept the cities and villages of Belarus. Tateka (1876~ 19 16), the first Belarusian revolutionary poetess, appeared in this period. She was born in a poor peasant family. After hard struggle, she studied in Petersburg Normal School and took an active part in the revolutionary movement. The early poems "Baptism of Freedom" and "Qin of Belarus" (1906) were full of passion against autocracy. The novel Blood Field Oath (1906) calls on farmers to carry out revolutionary struggle. His later poems have a feeling of loneliness and sadness. The peak of revolutionary literature creation in this period is the poems of two great poets, Yanka Kupala (1882~ 1942) and yakubu Colas (1882~ 1956).
Another famous Belarusian poet Maxim bogdanovich (1891~1917) was born in a teacher's family, and his father had a deep friendship with Gorky. He is the author of the novel Musician (1907) and the poetry collection Garland (19 13). His creative activities are in a period when the tendency of "art for art's sake" prevails and decadent pessimism is rampant in literature. However, his poems are influenced by folk poems, full of thoughts of revolution and national liberation, and have sincere sympathy for working people.
There were two other poets in this period: Tishka galt Nye (1887~ 1937), who took workers' life as their theme; Yanka Zhurba (1881~1964) mainly shows the life of farmers. The representative writer of the novel is zmitlock Piadulia (1886 ~1941). His early novels truly show the life and psychology of farmers in Belarus.
The Belarusian nation has been oppressed and exploited by Lithuanian, Polish lords and Russian officials for a long time, and its language and literature have also been destroyed, but Belarusian literature has developed stubbornly under extremely difficult conditions. With the victory of the October Revolution, Belarus was liberated from German occupation in 19 19, and the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus was established, which opened up a new world for Belarusian socialist literature.