Generally speaking, sex education has four main tasks. The first is to teach children scientific sexual knowledge, including human sexual organs and reproductive system, human gender, sexual development and sexual orientation, and how to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. The second is to provide education on sexual values and attitudes. The third is to teach children to protect themselves from infringement. The fourth is to cultivate children's good living habits and let them have a sound future.
2. Appropriate age
Theoretically, the gender differences between men and women, especially the primary sexual characteristics, can be solved before children's puberty. As far as the current social and cultural situation is concerned, it is best to answer the difference of primary sexual characteristics between men and women before the age of 5. Sex education should be more advanced, but it is inseparable from children's understanding ability.
In fact, domestic experts tend to agree on this issue. They think it is too late to have sex education until children reach puberty, and the earlier sex education begins, the better. People of insight put forward that "sex education should start from the age of zero, even in the mother's belly, 0-3 years old is a very critical period. As soon as a child is born, as long as his eyes can see and his ears can hear, he begins to see how his mother dresses, how he talks, what his hair looks like, how his father dresses and talks, and what is the difference between his father and his mother. In this process, children begin to know men and women, and when they are two and a half to three years old, they can confirm their gender. 3. Appropriate methods Before the child is 5 years old, he can speak with his parents' bodies, but after 5 years old, it is more appropriate to use books, audio-visual materials and other methods. Before the child is 5 years old, parents basically don't need to take the initiative to educate their children about sex. They can adopt the principle of answering whatever the child asks. In the process of answering, they should use some simple and easy-to-understand language to make the child understand that the answer must be suitable for his age. For example, if a child asks his mother where I come from, she can answer that you were born in my belly.
4. Appropriate content When children reach a certain age, they will be curious about sex. This is normal. At this time, parents should correctly guide their children and let them know the physiological differences between men and women, such as the structure of reproductive organs. If parents don't tell their children at this time, but also keep it secret and don't give them proper sex education, it will arouse their curiosity. If the child's curiosity is not satisfied for a long time, he may want to explore on his own, or even do something wrong, and parents will regret it then.
Children's sex education, the content of each age group should be focused. Simple problems such as gender knowledge should be solved before the age of 5. Before puberty, sexual physiology education should be carried out; When teenagers develop, it is necessary to carry out sexual psychology and sexual morality education.
Before the age of 5: confirm the baby's biological gender, give the child a suitable name according to the gender, dress according to the gender, and buy corresponding toys. Help children identify with their own gender, define their gender roles, behaviors and emotional reactions according to gender, and don't simply reprimand or cheat children for showing their genitals. It is necessary to teach them a sense of shame without being surprised or covered up. Parents can tell the difference between the sex organs of boys and girls and the question "Where am I from?". Not hiding. Let children play with same-sex and opposite-sex children of the same age, cultivate children's natural and healthy attitude to get along with their peers, and establish a healthy personality.
Before puberty: explain the morphological and physiological knowledge about male and female reproductive organs; Explain the phenomena of menstruation and nocturnal emission and their physiological significance and health care knowledge; How to treat masturbation education and the correct guidance of teenagers' consciousness correctly; Provide frank and normal communication opportunities for boys and girls, develop normal friendship with classmates, promote their ability to resist sexual temptation and properly handle sexual intercourse, and prevent puppy love and sexual crimes; We should also strengthen the self-protection education for girls.
Teenagers' development: education on love and mate selection to improve their ability to properly handle complex problems in sexual intercourse; Premarital sex education; Sexual moral education and cautious and implicit view of sexual civilization; Education to prevent sexual indulgence and sexual crimes; Premarital prenatal and postnatal care and sexual knowledge education; Guidance on newly married sexual life, contraception and family planning.
In short, sex education for children should adhere to natural and appropriate principles, and should not be done deliberately, nor should we look at children's problems from an adult's perspective.