Keywords: second child policy; Preschool education; Literacy; Countermeasures
1 Introduction
In order to cope with the aging population, a comprehensive second child policy was implemented in 20 15. After the opening of the comprehensive second child policy, the pressure of population aging has been alleviated to some extent, but a series of problems have also appeared. It is estimated that the number of students in preschool education in China will increase greatly in 2050, which will alleviate the difficulty of enrollment and promote the development of preschool education, but on the other hand, it will also bring great pressure to education. We should understand the pressure brought by the comprehensive second child policy on preschool education and put forward corresponding countermeasures to promote the development of preschool education and the healthy and happy growth of a new generation of children.
2 the impact of the comprehensive opening of the second child policy on preschool education
2. 1 Lack of teachers.
It is estimated that by 2020, the number of preschool educators in China will increase substantially, which will alleviate the problem of enrollment difficulties in preschool education. Preschool institutions don't have to be confused about students, but they put forward higher requirements for preschool teachers' personal teaching ability and the number of teachers [1]. While there is a shortage of teachers, there is also a problem. The gender ratio of teachers is seriously unbalanced. The number of male teachers in the field of education is already small, and there are only a handful of male teachers in the field of preschool education, which leads to the lack of education for children in self-reliance and self-reliance and can not get more comprehensive development.
2.2 The quality of education needs to be improved
In the era of rapid economic development, people's lives have been greatly improved, parents pay more and more attention to their children's education, and the requirements for preschool education are getting higher and higher. Parents want their children to enter a good school, receive a better education and learn more knowledge. After the implementation of the comprehensive second child policy, the number of newborns has gradually increased, which has caused the quality of preschool education to decline to some extent. Because the number of children entering the park has increased under the condition that the resources such as teachers and funds remain unchanged, now the school implements large class teaching, and the quality of education has naturally declined.
2.3 the impact on educational prospects
Literature shows that in 20 15, the total number of kindergartens in China increased by13,800 compared with the previous year, and the gross enrollment rate of preschool education was 75.0%, which was higher than 20 10-2020 proposed in the Outline of National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan. However, many preschool education institutions are facing the problem of rapid growth of children, and their development planning and design are relatively insufficient. Contradictory problems such as the lack of preschool education resources and the shortage of teachers are increasingly prominent, which need to be analyzed and actively improved.
3 Pre-school education in the face of the second child policy development countermeasures analysis
3. 1 Improve the treatment of preschool teachers
With the full liberalization of the second child policy, it is necessary to improve the treatment of preschool teachers in order to improve the current shortage of preschool teachers. Standardize the salary of preschool teachers and set up additional welfare subsidies. In actual teaching, strict standards should be set for teachers, and strict requirements should be set for teachers' own ideological and moral character, living habits and professional accomplishment, so as to set a good example for students and promote their healthy growth.
3.2 improve the ability of preschool teachers
Preschool education is the key period of education, and teachers are the key to education. After the comprehensive second child policy is opened, with the increase of the number of children, there is a shortage of preschool teachers, which affects the quality of education and the development of preschool education. In order to improve the education level of preschool teachers, on the one hand, it is necessary to formulate a strict recruitment plan and a perfect teacher standard system. Preschool teachers must be pre-school education majors and have received professional training to promote the development of students' morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor in teaching; On the other hand, teachers should be assessed regularly after entering the job, so that teachers can always urge themselves at work, learn more teaching knowledge, improve their professional quality and teach their children by example.
3.3 Strengthen teaching literacy
In the era of rapid economic development, people's lives have been greatly improved, and parents are paying more and more attention to their children's preschool education. In addition, children's curiosity, thirst for knowledge and learning ability are also very strong, so there are more and more requirements for teachers, and the difficulty is getting bigger and bigger. They often ask some unanswerable questions. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the work, teachers need to strive to improve their abilities in all aspects, promote the development of their own quality, and promote the improvement of teaching level. On the one hand, preschool teachers should read more books on preschool education, enrich their theoretical knowledge and expand their knowledge; On the other hand, preschool teachers should take part in some preschool teacher training courses or forums, learn from each other's strong points in mutual communication, so as to improve their own literacy in all aspects. After the full opening of the second child policy, in the development of preschool education, we should increase financial input, improve infrastructure and take some positive measures to meet the needs of preschool students and promote the better development of preschool education.
References:
[1] Zhang Hui. How to solve the funding problem of preschool education in China-the experience and enlightenment of Zhenjiang reform pilot [J]. Fiscal Science, 20 16, (9):27-40.
[2] Gao Runqing. Research on Curriculum Reform of Preschool Education Specialty in Normal Universities —— Based on Professional Standards for Kindergarten Teachers [J]. Courses? Textbooks? Teaching methods, 2013,33 (7):122-127.
Author: Wang Cao Unit: Luoyang Normal University