1, moral education, changing temperament, seeking saints.

Zhang Zai believes that there is nothing wrong with human nature, that is, the nature of heaven and earth, only because of the obstruction and blockage of temperament. In order to make people kind, we must change our temperament through education and study, return to kindness, and become moral people. The ultimate goal of education is to reach the realm of saints.

2. Teach when you are young and learn for a long time.

Zhang Zai attaches great importance to the study of educational theory and has unique opinions. It is believed that the education of people should start from the early stage and carry out prenatal education. "Teach when you are young and learn when you are old." Pay attention to children's psychology, create a good environment, develop children's nature, cultivate children's good habits and moral behaviors from an early age, and continue to learn and strengthen when they grow up, and finally create useful talents. Paying attention to early education and continuing education is another feature of Zhang Zaiguan's educational thought.

3. Be determined to study and be diligent.

Zhang Zai believes that "ambition" is the major premise of education. If a person wants to learn knowledge and be an official, he must be "determined" and "upright". "If people don't stay away from their interests and are absent-minded, they will accomplish nothing." With lofty goals, we must work hard to achieve them and realize our ideals.

4, step by step, knowledgeable and thoughtful.

Zhang Zai also made an in-depth study of learning methods. He believes that learning and seeking knowledge is a gradual process. You can't stop, and you can't wait for instruction. Teachers should teach in order and students should learn in order. He also believes that the gradual process of learning should be "three years", and scholars should study hard every day from morning till night, from day to month, to the three-year outline. Through such gradual efforts, learning can be successful. If you want to succeed in your studies, you must also be knowledgeable and thoughtful.

5, study hard, doubt innovation.

Regarding reading methods, Zhang Zai emphasized that the main organ of human thinking is the "heart". In order to think carefully and observe carefully, you must keep your mind always present. If you have doubts about it, you will gain new knowledge and know new principles. Therefore, he strongly advocated the learning method and knowledge-seeking spirit of "understanding from the heart, being old-fashioned and ineffective". The main points of Zhang Zai's discussion on the method of reading and seeking knowledge are summarized as follows: intention, familiarity, careful thinking, perseverance, confusion, innovation, lack of help, short time, theory, development, implementation and implementation. Zhang Zai's exposition on reading and seeking knowledge has been repeatedly evaluated by later scholars.