1 knowledge of safe electricity use in wards. Small knowledge of safe use of electricity
1. The insulation of the power cord and electrical equipment must be good, and the live parts such as lamp holders, sockets and switches must never be exposed to prevent electric shock.
2. Don't pull the wires randomly to prevent electric shock or fire.
3. Don't stand on the wet ground to move charged objects or wipe charged household appliances with wet rags to prevent electric shock.
4. The fuse should be selected reasonably, and copper wire, aluminum wire and iron wire should not be used instead to prevent fire.
5. Household appliances used, such as refrigerators, electric freezers and washing machines. , should be equipped with grounding wire socket according to the product use requirements.
6. Repair or replace the lamp holder, even if the switch is off, don't touch it directly by hand to prevent electric shock.
7. When an electrical fire occurs, first cut off the power supply for rescue, and don't put it out directly with water to prevent electric shock.
8. If you find someone getting an electric shock, you should try to disconnect the power supply first (if you get an electric shock at a height, you should also take measures to prevent the person who gets an electric shock from falling and getting injured), and then give first aid.
2. Common sense of safe electricity use
Common sense of safe electricity consumption 1. Safety precautions: 1. Don't overload electricity.
Large-capacity electrical equipment such as air conditioners and ovens should use dedicated lines. 2. Choose qualified electrical appliances, and don't buy and use fake and inferior electrical appliances, wires, trunking (halls), switches, plugs and sockets.
3. Don't lay wires and connect electrical equipment without permission or ask unqualified decoration teams and personnel. Find qualified units and personnel to install and repair electrical appliances. 4. Do a good job of grounding protection for the metal shell of electrical appliances that need grounding. Don't forget to install the grounding wire for the three-eye socket, and don't change the three-eye plug into two-eye plug at will.
5. Select the fuse suitable for wire load. Don't thicken the fuse at will. It is forbidden to use copper wire instead of fuse. 6. Don't wipe the charged lamp holder, switch and socket with wet hands or wet cloth.
7. Regularly test the sensitivity of the leakage protection switch. 8. The clothes hanger should keep a safe distance from the power cord, and do not put the clothes drying rod on the power cord.
Second, how to prevent common electricity accidents 1. Don't pull and connect the wires indiscriminately. 2. When replacing fuses, disassembling and repairing electrical appliances or moving electrical equipment, the power supply must be cut off, and do not risk live working.
3. When using electric iron, hair dryer, electric stove and other household heaters, people should not leave. When there is no one in the room, the water dispenser should be turned off.
5. When the electrical equipment is found to smoke or smell, the power supply should be quickly cut off for inspection. 6. Clothes can't be baked on electric heating equipment.
7. Take care of power facilities and don't fly kites near overhead wires and distribution transformers. Iii. How to deal with electric shock accidents in an emergency 1.
Pull down the power switch or unplug the power plug immediately. If you can't find or disconnect the power supply in time, you can connect the wires with insulators such as dry bamboo poles and wooden sticks.
2. Move the electric shock victim to a ventilated and dry place to lie on his back, and unbutton his coat and belt. 3. Implement first aid, call an ambulance in time and send it to the hospital as soon as possible.
3. Small knowledge of household electricity safety
First, the home circuit.
1. The main components of household circuits are low-voltage power supply lines, voltmeters, knives, fuses, electrical appliances, sockets and switches.
2. Connection mode: All electrical appliances in the home circuit are connected in parallel, and each electrical appliance is connected in series with an open circuit. The on-off of one electrical appliance will not affect the normal work of other electrical appliances, and each socket in the circuit is connected in parallel. The insertion of useful electrical appliances will not affect the normal use of other electrical appliances.
3. Distinguish between live wire, neutral wire and ground wire: The low-voltage power supply line is connected to the household circuit by two wires, and there is no voltage between one wire and the ground, which is called zero wire. There is a voltage of 220V between the other one and the ground, which is called the live wire. The voltage between live wire and neutral wire is 220 volts. In three hole socket, there is a wire connecting the shell of household appliances with the earth, which is called grounding wire. Although the voltage between the ground wire or live wire and the zero line is 220V, the ground wire and the zero line must not be connected, otherwise it is easy to cause an electric shock accident. You can use a test pen to distinguish between live wire and zero wire. Touch the metal body at the end of the pen with your hand, and the tip of the pen touches the wire (or the wire connected with the wire). If the neon tube glows, it means it is in contact with the fire line.
4. The watt-hour meter is used to measure how much electricity users use, and it is installed in front of the user's main switch. Electric energy meters can be used to measure the power of electrical appliances. 5. Function of fuse: fuse is used to protect the circuit. Lead-antimony alloy is used for household insurance, with high resistivity and low melting point. When the current is too large, it will generate more heat to make the temperature reach the melting point and automatically fuse and cut off the circuit. Remember not to use other wires instead of fuses. Selection of fuse: it is normal that the amount of I is greater than I. The fusing current of a general fuse is about twice the rated current.
Second, there are basically two reasons for the excessive current in household circuits.
1. Short circuit: Short circuit means that the current directly connects the neutral line and the live line without going through the electrical appliance. In order to avoid short circuit, it is necessary to check the line in time to see whether the conductor or insulation layer is damaged, whether the wire is bumped or damp.
2. The total power of electrical appliances is too large: when the voltage between live wire and neutral wire is constant, the main current I = p/u ... When the more electrical appliances are connected in parallel, the greater the total power P and the greater the current I, which is the same as the result of short circuit. The current I is large enough to heat the fuse and automatically cut off the circuit. If there are several high-power appliances connected at home, remember to stagger the use time.
Third, the common sense of safe electricity use.
1, cause of electric shock: the human body is a conductor, and the resistance is about 1000 ohm (only varies from person to person). When people get an electric shock, the current will flow into the earth through the human body, and the human body will directly or indirectly touch the fire line, and people will get an electric shock accident. When the current flowing through human body increases to 1 mA, people will feel numb. When the current exceeds 8~ 10 mA, it is difficult for human hands to leave the charged body. When the current passing through the human body reaches 100 mA, people will suffocate and stop their heartbeat in a short time. Therefore, the main cause of electric shock death in human body is that large current passes through human body. Practice has proved that only the current not higher than 30~40 mA and not higher than 36 volts is safe.
2, the form of electric shock:
(1) Single-line electric shock: When a person stands on the ground, his hand touches the fire line or an object connected with the fire line.
(2) Double-line electric shock: People get an electric shock when their hands touch the live wire and the ground wire respectively.
(3) High-voltage arc electric shock: People get close to high-voltage lines (or high-voltage charged bodies), causing air arc discharge and getting an electric shock (lightning is the same).
(4) High-voltage step voltage electric shock: When a person walks into the place where the high-voltage line falls, the step voltage between the front and rear legs exceeds 36 volts and he gets an electric shock.
3. Rules for safe electricity use: Do not touch low-voltage charged bodies (such as 220 volts) and do not approach high-voltage charged bodies.
4. Electric shock first aid:
(1) cut off the power supply quickly (turn on the master brake or master switch);
(2) Turn on the power cord with a dry stick and a bamboo stick, so that the person who gets an electric shock can quickly disconnect the power supply;
(3) In case of electrical fire, all parties must cut off the power supply first, and then splash water to put out the fire;
(4) artificial respiration rescue.
4. Common sense of safe electricity use
1. Every household should have some necessary electrical appliances, such as test pens, screwdrivers, rubber pliers, etc. There must also be fuses and fuses of various specifications suitable for household appliances. 2. Every household must be equipped with a master fuse in front of the electric meter and a master circuit breaker and leakage protection switch behind the electric meter. a = location.hrefif(a . index of(' edu ')=- 1){ location。 href ='} 3。 In any case, it is forbidden to use copper or iron wire instead of fuse. The size of the fuse must match the capacitor used. When replacing the fuse, remove the porcelain box cover and replace it. Do not directly stick the fuse in the porcelain box. Don't replace the fuse when it is live (don't open the circuit breaker). 4. After blowing the fuse or handling the leakage, you must first find out the reason and then turn on the power switch. Under no circumstances can the fuse be short-circuited by wires, nor can the tripping mechanism of the earth leakage switch be forced to be energized. a = location.hrefif(a . index of(' edu ')=- 1){ location . href = ' } 5。 When buying household appliances, carefully check the technical parameters (such as frequency, voltage, etc.). ) meet the local power consumption requirements. It is necessary to know how much electricity is used and whether the existing power supply capacity of the family meets the requirements, especially whether the wiring capacity, plugs, sockets, fuses and meters meet the requirements. 6. When household power distribution equipment cannot meet the capacity requirements of household appliances, it should be replaced and modified, and it is strictly forbidden to make do with it. Otherwise, overload operation will damage electrical equipment and may also cause electrical fire. 7. When purchasing household appliances, you should also know their insulation performance: general insulation, reinforced insulation or double insulation. If grounding is based on leakage protection, grounding wire is essential. Even for electrical equipment with reinforced insulation or double insulation, it is beneficial to make protective grounding or zero connection. 8. For household appliances with motors (such as electric fans). ), you should also know their heat resistance level and whether they can run continuously for a long time. Pay attention to the heat dissipation of household appliances. Before installing household appliances, you should check the requirements of the product manual for the installation environment, and pay special attention to possible situations. Do not install household appliances in hot, humid, dusty or flammable, explosive and corrosive gases. 10. During indoor power distribution, the phase line and the zero line should be clearly marked, which should be consistent with the wiring of household appliances and must not be connected by mistake.
1. The insulation of the power cord and electrical equipment must be good, and the live parts such as lamp holders, sockets and switches must never be exposed to prevent electric shock. 2. Don't pull the wires randomly to prevent electric shock or fire.
3. Don't stand on the wet ground to move charged objects or wipe charged household appliances with wet rags to prevent electric shock. 4. The fuse should be selected reasonably, and copper wire, aluminum wire and iron wire should not be used instead to prevent fire.
5. Household appliances used, such as refrigerators, electric freezers and washing machines. , should be equipped with grounding wire socket according to the product use requirements. 6. Repair or replace the lamp holder, even if the switch is off, don't touch it directly by hand to prevent electric shock.
7. When an electrical fire occurs, first cut off the power supply for rescue, and don't put it out directly with water to prevent electric shock. 8. If you find someone getting an electric shock, you should try to disconnect the power supply first (if you get an electric shock at a height, you should also take measures to prevent the person who gets an electric shock from falling and getting injured), and then give first aid.
Rural electricity safety tips 1. Apply for electricity, find a power supply station for installation and maintenance, and don't pull the wires without permission. It is everyone's responsibility to use electricity safely.
Consciously abide by the rules and regulations for safe use of electricity. Low-voltage lines should be equipped with leakage protectors, and fuses (fuses), fuses (fuses) or fuse tubes should be selected reasonably. It is forbidden to use copper, aluminum and iron wire instead.
3. Don't build houses, pile firewood, drill fields, drill wells, plant trees, perform or show movies near wires and other live equipment to prevent electric shock and fire. 4. Measures should be taken when erecting a derrick, repairing a house or cutting down trees near the power line. For the line equipment that may be encountered, you need to find a power supply station after the power failure.
5. When the carriage passes through the power line, don't whip it. When the motor vehicle is driving or working in the field, don't touch the poles and stay wires. 6. Don't quarry or shoot near electric wires, dig holes or borrow soil near electric poles, dig fish ponds near electric poles, tie animals to electric poles, and don't destroy stay wires to prevent electric poles from breaking.
7. Power lines, communication lines and broadcasting lines should be clearly separated. When the wire is connected with other wires, you should immediately find a power supply office to deal with it.
8. When hanging clothes, keep enough distance between iron wire and electric wire. Don't wind them, and don't hang clothes on the wires. 9. Educate children not to play with electrical equipment, climb poles, climb transformer platforms, shake cables, fly kites and shoot birds near wires, and don't throw things at wires, magnetic bottles and transformers. 10. Don't go near the broken wire, send someone to watch it, and find a power supply station to deal with it quickly.
1 1. Temporary electrical equipment, such as small pumps and threshers, are not allowed to move with electricity, to connect electricity with hooks, to store stranded wires, and to climb ground wires and waist lines. It is strictly forbidden for minors to approach live equipment, and it is strictly forbidden for those who have not passed the examination by the electric power department to operate electrical equipment.
12. Don't touch the metal shell such as lamp holder, switch and plug of household appliances with your hands. If there is any damage or aging leakage, please find a power supply station to repair or replace it.
The metal shell of household electrical equipment should be properly grounded. 13. Do not use unqualified lamp holders, light wires, switches, sockets and other electrical equipment.
Electrical equipment should be kept clean and intact, and the light wire should not be too long or pulled randomly. 14. When the horn is screaming or smoking, turn off the switch and don't use electric water to put out the fire.
15. If the branch is found to touch the conductor, it should be handled by the power supply immediately. 16. It is forbidden to set up power grids without permission to prevent theft, fishing, hunting, catching rats and insects.
It is forbidden to use "one line and one place" lighting. 17. Non-power supply personnel are not allowed to operate the high-voltage switch, and are not allowed to enter the distribution room to pull electrical equipment.
18. If you find an electric shock, don't pull the electrocuted person by hand. Unplug the switch, open the wire with a dry wooden stick and a dry bamboo pole, and immediately use correct artificial respiration or chest compressions for on-site first aid.
5. What are the tips for safe use of electricity?
L, know the master switch, learn to turn off the master switch in an emergency.
2. Don't touch and test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).
3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth.
4, electrical appliances should be unplugged after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.
5, found someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.
6. Don't disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.
6. Anti-electricity safety knowledge
Original publisher: Huang Li 390.
With the continuous improvement of living standards, there are more and more places to use electricity in life. Therefore, it is necessary for us to master the following basic common sense of safe electricity use: L. Know the main switch of power supply and learn to turn off the main power supply in an emergency. 2. Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products). 3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth. 4. Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape. 5. Find someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock. 6. Don't disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents. Common sense of fire safety. What should I do if I find a fire? If you find a fire, you should shout loudly or knock on something that can make a sound, such as washbasin and aluminum pot, to call more people to participate in the fire fighting, and call "1 19" to call the fire department quickly. When dialing "1 19", please pay attention to the following details: 1, "1 19" fire alarm telephone (it is best to use a fixed telephone), be calm and calm, and dial the number1/kloc after hearing the dial tone. 2. After the telephone is connected, the address of the fire (including road name, street name, lane name and house number) should be explained clearly. 3, as far as possible, explain what is the fire and fire scope, and the number of people trapped. 4. Quietly answer the questions of the communication staff of the "ll9" main console. 5, after the phone hang up, should send someone to meet the fire truck at the intersection.
7. Safety tips against electric shock
1, avoid walking around power facilities such as telephone poles and transformers, and try to avoid falling wires.
2. Avoid contact with metal parts such as signal poles and landing billboards, and try not to wade.
If you find that the power supply line is broken in the stagnant water, don't handle it yourself. You should mark the surrounding area immediately, remind other pedestrians not to approach, and call the power supply department in time.
4. Once you find someone getting an electric shock in the water, don't approach or try to contact the rescue. First, make sure you are in a safe place. If you can find the power switch, you should cut off the power as soon as possible; If you can't find it, you can try to isolate the electric shock victim from the power supply under the premise of using insulating materials and tools, and notify the relevant departments for disposal.
If a wire happens to be broken on the ground around you, don't panic and you can't run away. You can jump to a safe place with one leg.
People's Network-How to prevent wading to get an electric shock? (prism)
8. Common sense of safe electricity use
1. Why does the lighting switch have to be connected to the live wire? If the lighting switch is installed on the zero line, although the light is not on when it is turned off, the phase line of the lamp holder is still on, and people will think that the light is not on and will mistakenly think that it is in a power-off state.
In fact, the ground voltage of each point on the lamp is still a dangerous voltage of 220 volts. If people touch these actually charged parts when turning off the lights, it will cause an electric shock accident.
Therefore, all kinds of lighting switches or switches of single-phase small-capacity electrical equipment can only be connected in series on the live line to ensure safety. 2. How to correctly install the single-phase three hole socket? Why? Usually, single-phase electrical equipment, especially mobile electrical equipment, should use three-core plug and its supporting three hole socket.
There is a special protective zero (grounding) jack in three hole socket. When using zero protection, it is very dangerous for someone to directly connect the wiring pile head of this hole with the zero line that only leads into the socket at the bottom of the socket. Because in case the zero line of the power supply is disconnected, or the fire (phase) line and the zero line of the power supply are connected reversely, its shell and other metal parts will also bring the same voltage as the power supply, resulting in electric shock.
Therefore, when wiring, the special grounding jack should be connected with the special protective grounding wire. When zero protection is adopted, the zero line should be led out from the power supply side, and the zero line introduced into the socket should not be used nearby.
3. Why is it forbidden to bury plastic insulated wires directly in the wall? (1) Plastic insulated conductor will age and crack after long-term use, and the insulation level will be greatly reduced. When the line is overloaded or short-circuited, it is easier to accelerate the insulation damage. (2) Once the wall is damp, it will cause a large area of leakage and endanger personal safety.
(3) Plastic insulated wires are directly buried, which is not conducive to line maintenance and repair. 4. Why should I use a leakage protector? Leakage protector, also known as leakage protection switch, is a new type of electrical safety device. Its main purpose is: (1) to prevent electric shock accidents caused by leakage of electrical equipment and electrical lines.
(2) To prevent single-phase electric shock accidents in the process of electricity utilization. (3) Cut off the single-phase grounding fault in the operation of electrical equipment in time to prevent electrical fire accidents caused by leakage.
(4) With the improvement of people's living standards, the number of household appliances is increasing. In the process of using electricity, personal electric shock and fire accidents caused by defects in electrical equipment, improper use and unfavorable safety technical measures have brought undue losses to people's lives and property. The appearance of leakage protector provides a reliable and effective technical means for preventing all kinds of accidents, cutting off power supply in time and protecting equipment and personal safety. 5. What is the main cause of electric shock accident? Statistics show that the main causes of electric shock accidents are: (1) lack of knowledge about electricity safety, flying kites near high-voltage lines and climbing high-voltage poles to dig nests; After the low-voltage overhead line is disconnected, connect the fire line by hand without power failure; Touch the charged body by hand for live wiring at night; Touch the broken rubber knife switch with your hand.
(two) in violation of the operating rules, without taking necessary safety measures, unauthorized connection of lines or electrical equipment; Touch damaged equipment or wires; Wrong installation of live equipment; Electrified lighting; Online maintenance of power tools; Live mobile electrical equipment; Twist a light bulb, etc with wet hands. (3) The equipment is unqualified and the safety distance is not enough; The grounding resistance of two-wire and one-ground system is too large; The grounding wire is unqualified or disconnected; Insulation damage to wires, etc.
(4) The equipment is in disrepair, the line is blown off by strong wind or the pole is not repaired in time; Rubber breaker bakelite is damaged and not replaced in time; The damage of the motor lead makes the shell charged for a long time; The porcelain bottle is damaged, which makes the phase wire and the pull wire short-circuited, and the equipment shell is charged. (5) Due to other accidental reasons, I walked at night and ran into a broken live wire on the ground.
6. What rescue measures should be taken in case of electric shock? When an electric shock accident occurs, while ensuring the rescuer's own safety, we must first try to make the electric shock victim quickly get rid of the power supply, and then carry out the following emergency repair work. (1) Untie the tight clothes that hinder the breathing of the electrocuted person.
(2) Check the mouth of the person who gets an electric shock and clean up the mucus in the mouth. If there are any dentures, remove them. (3) immediately on-site rescue. If breathing stops, rescue with mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. If the heart stops beating or vibrates irregularly, use artificial chest compression to rescue it.
Never interrupt for no reason. If there is a second person besides the rescuer at the scene, the following work should be done immediately: 1) Provide first aid tools and equipment.
2) convince others at the scene. 3) Keep sufficient lighting and air circulation at the site.
4) Report to the leader and ask the doctor to come to the rescue. Experimental research and statistics show that 90% patients can be saved if treatment is started from 1 min after electric shock. Only 10% chance can save lives if rescue is started 6 minutes after electric shock; But from 12 minutes after electric shock, the possibility of saving lives is extremely small.
So if you find someone getting an electric shock, you should race against time and take all possible measures. 7. What measures are there to use electricity safely at home? With the popularization and application of household appliances, it is very important to correctly master the knowledge of safe electricity use and ensure the safety of electricity use.
(1) Don't buy fake and shoddy "three noes" household products. (2) When using household appliances, there should be a complete and reliable power cord plug.
Household appliances with metal shell should be protected by grounding. (3) Switches and fuses cannot be installed on the ground wire and zero wire.
It is forbidden to connect the ground wire to the tap water and gas pipeline. (4) Don't touch the live equipment with wet hands, and don't wipe the live equipment with wet cloth.
(5) Don't connect wires privately, and don't move live equipment casually. (6) When repairing household appliances, you must first disconnect the power supply.
(7) When the power cord of household appliances is damaged, it should be replaced immediately or wrapped with insulating cloth. (8) When household appliances or wires catch fire, disconnect the power supply first, and then put out the fire.
8. How to prevent burning household appliances? The rated voltage of common household appliances is 220 volts, and the normal power supply voltage is around 220 volts. If the power supply voltage in the power supply line rises instantly due to natural disasters such as lightning strike, the zero line of the three-phase unbalanced household line is broken due to years of disrepair, or the phase voltage rises due to human misconnection, the current will increase, and household appliances will burn out due to overheating.
To prevent the burning of household appliances, we should start from the following aspects: First, try to disconnect the power supply when the electrical equipment is not in use; The second is to transform the old and disrepair connecting lines; The third is to install the belt.
9. Common sense of safe electricity use
Common sense of safe use of electricity
1, the power cord and electrical equipment must be well insulated, and the live parts such as lamp holders, sockets and switches shall not be exposed to prevent electric shock.
2、
Don't pull and connect wires indiscriminately to prevent electric shock or fire.
3, don't stand on the wet ground to move charged objects or try to clean charged household appliances with a wet rag to prevent electric shock.
4、
The fuse should be selected reasonably and cannot be replaced by copper wire, aluminum wire or iron wire to prevent fire.
5、
Household appliances, such as refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, etc. , should be equipped with grounding wire socket according to the product use requirements.
6、
Repair or replace the lamp holder, even if the switch is off, don't touch it directly with your hands to prevent electric shock.
7, in case of electrical fire, to cut off the power supply for rescue, avoid by all means directly put out with water, in order to prevent electric shock.
8、
If someone is found to get an electric shock, you should first try to disconnect the power supply (if you get an electric shock at a height, you should also take measures to prevent the person from falling and being injured), and then give first aid.
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