Speaking of Montessori teaching method, I believe many parents have heard a lot, so how much do you know about Montessori teaching method? Montessori Teaching Method was written by maria montessori, a famous Italian preschool educator, which played a great role in the education of later generations. This paper introduces the Montessori teaching method in detail.
About Montessori teaching method 1 When children reach the age of memorizing and speaking, they can carry out simple education according to the specific situation, and parents are always worried about this matter, that is, what method to choose to educate their children. Many parents gradually wake up and no longer think that public primary schools and kindergartens are the best choice. They always choose private kindergartens and some training institutions to educate their children. Because they serve well. High strength. There are always some advanced educational methods. For example, this one we introduced today.
Montessori education: Children's inner impulse is expressed through free activities, and he can choose the object of activities according to his special hobbies. The most wonderful, scientific and applicable part of Montessori Education Law is the attitude and educational concept of adults towards children. Adults carry out Montessori education for children, observe and analyze children, understand their development needs, prepare a suitable development environment for children, and help them grow naturally.
In the process of Montessori education, children not only develop their cognitive ability, but also acquire active learning methods and cultivate good habits of independence, enterprising, persistence, self-confidence and organization. Experts in baby-friendly education in China pointed out that Montessori education generally includes: daily life education, sensory education, mathematics education, language education, natural and humanistic education, social and cultural education and music and art education. Montessori education for children should include the following four aspects:
The first is muscle training. In order to achieve the goal of training children's muscles, Montessori education must carry out some muscle training courses suitable for children. Because muscle training not only contributes to children's physical development and health, but also helps children's movements to be flexible, coordinated and correct, and also helps to exercise children's will and develop cooperative relations between children.
Followed by sensory training. In Montessori education curriculum, it is necessary to train children's senses systematically and comprehensively, so that they can develop keen senses and observation through direct contact with the outside world. This is the basis of children's advanced intellectual activities and thinking development, and it is also an important goal of Montessori education.
Third, Montessori education emphasizes real life practice. Real life exercises in Montessori education can be divided into two categories, one related to children themselves and the other related to the environment. Cultivate children's ability to live independently and adapt to the environment through practical life practice.
Finally, Montessori education also includes basic knowledge education. For children aged 3-6, they are born with the ability to learn elementary knowledge and can be taught to learn reading, writing and calculation. Primary knowledge education is related to sensory training, and correct sensory training is helpful to primary knowledge education.
Many parents have just learned about this situation, and there may be some questions. For example, although this is the current education law, are foreign methods suitable for children in China? In fact, according to the editor's personal point of view, the beginning of this life is good, right? The same is true of education. A child is like a blank sheet of paper. The methods and contents of education are different, both at home and abroad, but they are only personal opinions. What would you choose as a parent?
About Montessori teaching method 2 Montessori teaching method is fundamentally a human development model and an educational method based on this model.
This model has two basic elements. First of all, children and adults participate in psychological self-control through interaction with the environment. Second, children, especially children under six years old, have a natural path for psychological development.
Based on her observation, Montessori believes that children who are free to choose and move in an environment prepared according to this model will spontaneously achieve the best development.
Montessori education law is characterized by emphasizing independence, restricting freedom and respecting children's natural psychological, physical and social development.
In Mongolian schools, you can't see the neatly arranged tables and chairs in traditional classrooms; Children don't sit in chairs for class, but freely shuttle in spacious classrooms specially designed for children and decorated like "home", mostly wooden floors.
Children often concentrate on operating teaching AIDS, and there is no noise in the classroom, showing a peaceful and calm classroom atmosphere.
In teaching, Montessori teaching method has four characteristics:
First, teaching is not divided into different subjects, and learning from life is advocated.
Montessori believes that children have strong internal energy and absorption ability, and they can learn spontaneously as long as an appropriate and well-designed environment is provided.
Therefore, there are no subjects such as "Chinese" and "Mathematics" in Mongolian schools, and Montessori's children learn from life.
Second, use special teaching AIDS to "work".
Generally, Mongolian schools have a set of special teaching AIDS designed according to children's developmental stages on the low cabinets, through which children can learn step by step.
Teaching AIDS are divided into five categories: daily life, culture, Chinese, feeling and arithmetic. Children can choose teaching AIDS for "work" and practice fine muscle movements. At the same time, through repeated self-correction, we can gain concentration from practice and learn responsibility and self-confidence from completing the work.
Third, mixed-age teaching.
Montessori put children of different ages together to study, just like the epitome of real society. So older children have the opportunity to guide and take care of younger children, and younger children can also learn how to seek help in groups.
Fourth, teachers must undergo special Montessori training.
Montessori has a famous saying "Follow the children". Mongolian teachers are similar to instructors. When the child is working, the teacher will record the observation, will not interrupt the work at will, and only intervene when necessary.
Teachers should be familiar with each child's learning progress and guide children to engage in jobs suitable for their development stage. Therefore, Mongolian teachers must undergo strict training, in addition to the demonstration operation of teaching AIDS, but also constantly learn to lead children with humility and respect.
The teacher's main job is to help children become their own masters, so that children can take care of themselves, others and the environment.
Three elements of Montessori
Montessori's curriculum teaching can be divided into three elements: one is the preparation environment, the other is the teacher, and the third is the teaching aid. The three elements represent the unity of head, chest and abdomen respectively.
When it comes to Montessori's education, we must mention her teaching AIDS, as well as the environment and instructors.
The so-called preparation environment is very important in Montessori teaching, including classroom and outdoor environment, the composition of children and so on.
Montessori once pointed out that children are spiritual embryos and need their own special environment, in which children can enjoy themselves freely and nothing will harm them. There will be an interaction between the individual and the environment, and children will shape themselves and make themselves perfect in this interaction.
For example, indoor space needs to be able to accommodate all Montessori teaching AIDS and should be easy for children to use. Montessori emphasized that the design of cabinets used in classrooms should be suitable for students. Cabinets, tables, chairs and sofas suitable for children should be light and can be moved by children. Its color should be hygienic and easy for children to clean.
The cabinet should be long and low, with a door, which is convenient for storing teaching AIDS and children to take them. Every child should have his own cupboard so as to put his own things. If you hang something that your child wants to see, you must hang it at the height of your child's eyes.
In short, all environments should be child-centered, not adult-centered.
Montessori teaching is not centered on teaching or indoctrination, so Montessori teachers are called tutors rather than teachers. Instructors have an important mission, which is to help children grow up. Children need the guidance of adults, and their development has its own natural laws to follow or limit.
Therefore, the guidance of the instructor needs to conform to the laws of nature, and children should be respected, understood and studied with humility and kindness. Montessori once said that children are teachers of adults.
The so-called mentor, her identity is an observer. Montessori often pointed out that preschool teachers need to know how to observe children, and it is a famous saying of teachers to wait while observing.
The instructor is also the child's interpreter. Therefore, he must truly and accurately understand the child and strive to adapt to the needs of the child, so that the child will actively seek the help of the instructor.
Teachers are the preparers and protectors of the environment. Mentors are like bridges between children and the environment. They should not only prepare an environment suitable for children's development, but also protect the environment so that children will not be hurt or disturbed.
Montessori once said that the instructor should prepare an environment that can nourish the normal development of children and keep it clean and orderly. When the child is absorbed in his studies, the instructor can't interfere with him. When a child interferes with others, the instructor should interrupt it. Like the patron saint of children, protect the fire of life in children's hearts, because once the fire is extinguished, it will never shine again.
The instructor is also the child's demonstrator, and the child is the absorber and imitator. Any words and deeds of the instructor will unconsciously affect the children.
Montessori once said that the mentor is the most important part of children's world, and his appearance is the first step to gain children's trust and respect. The mentor should be attractive and loved by children. Counselors are also contacts and communicators between schools, families and communities.
According to Montessori's idea, teaching AIDS can be divided into eight categories: hands-on education, sensory education, language knowledge, freedom, writing, reading, numeracy and moral education.