During the reign of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, Mr. Jian Shen, a disciple of Yuxian County, was named Luowei Academy, which was founded by scholars from good families. However, at that time, the rulers adopted a policy of restraining academies, which expressly stipulated that "no other academies should be established", and local state schools were constantly crowded out. In this case, the academy had to change to Dongxiang Yixue in the early years of Qianlong, and it was not until the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong that Jin Cai took over as the magistrate of Yuxian County. In view of the fact that all parts of the country are "cultivating talents" and "self-taught officials", many "academies" have also appeared in provincial capitals, so they were formally established. At that time, the head of the academy was Gu Dongyan.
It is said that the whole academy is very large, covering an area of about 15 mu. Its main buildings can be divided into two parts, the inside and outside, and the layout design of the scenery outside the courtyard is unique. Ethan in Yuzhou has an inscription saying that this scene is far better than Su Dongpo's Eight Scenes of Ganzhou and Liu Yiweng's Drunk Pavilion. According to historical records, there are stone bridges in the courtyard gate, and rectangular pools are dug on the left and right sides. In the pool, there is a seepage well, the breeze is blowing, and the waves are rippling; Chi Pan's ancient willow trees are shaded and full of vitality, surrounded by wooden fences. In the twilight of midsummer, people come here to enjoy the cool. In addition, there are Kuixing Building and Shaozhi Building, which are symmetrical and add luster to the panorama. They are beautiful but not vulgar, as Jin's Eight Scenes of Tiwenwei Academy said:
A guest showed me around the college garden.
Jiajing is always reading.
The craftsman's business is bleak.
Natural location becomes entertainment.
Two ponds of leather and a bridge of the moon,
The fence on the bridge is as wide as the fence of the swimming pool.
Chi Pan Guliu for several years,
The famous flowers on the pool are in full bloom.
Try riding a tall building in autumn,
Hualiuchi Bridge is closed at first sight.
Pointing to Nanshan Xiuying's palm,
Look down on visitors from three sides.
There are nine quadrangular courtyards in the Academy, with more than 0/00 rooms/kloc. Houses are patchwork, miscellaneous but not chaotic, including the "six fasts" where cattle cultivate themselves, review their lessons and stay overnight, that is, spontaneous fasting, monastic fasting, sincere fasting, righteous fasting, Chongzhi fasting and factory fasting; A courtyard with mountain leaders and academic affairs office; In addition, these two houses are generally divided into warehouses, libraries and kitchens.
Examination-oriented academies were the preparation places for imperial examinations in the county at that time, which had the characteristics of official schools. The dean of the hospital is always in charge of hospital affairs besides giving lectures. Teaching usually comes from teachers, but they must pass the exam before they can be hired. Most students are transferred from private schools. At first, there were about 10 teachers and 150 students.
The academic system of the college is uncertain, and there are no strict restrictions on the age of admission for children. During the year, autumn is busy and winter vacation is in January. The teaching content mainly includes four books, five classics, sexual theory, calligraphy and so on. Daily courses are divided into three categories: poetry, ceremony and reading. Specific teaching focuses on students' personal reading and research, supplemented by lectures. A quiz once a month, called "monthly exam"; The year-end exam, called "year-end exam", comes from the top of the mountain, and those who get excellent results can be rewarded (called "paste fire"). As for the whereabouts of students after leaving the academy, the old book records that "all students drop out, so after the teacher test, they heard about the States, and each state tried again and chose its options", so they went to the States to try, with the aim of getting scholars.
Most of the money needed by colleges and universities and the salaries of teachers and staff (called "repair funds") are allocated by the state (county) department on a monthly basis according to regulations, and the rest are supplemented by renting learning fields and libraries.
In addition, there is a righteous school in the academy. Because it was donated by Li Shunchen (the alternate principal of the city), it was named "Li Yixue", which is a compulsory education institution specially set up for the poor and weak.
In August of the 27th year of Guangxu (190 1), the Qing court adopted Zhang Zhidong's and Liu Kunyi's suggestion of "abolishing the imperial examination and establishing a school" and ordered the unification of academies all over the country as a school. It is imperative to restructure Wen Wei Academy, and the next year it will be reorganized into "Weizhou State High School".
Wen Wei Academy was founded in the middle and late Qing Dynasty and ended in the late Qing Dynasty, lasting 126 years. Ethan has an inscription saying: "Over time, it will fall, and celebrities will come forth in large numbers." Indeed, it is a "outstanding book", which has cultivated many knowledgeable talents, thus making it more influential in Yuxian's modern education history.