Paper Keywords: modern educational technology, history teaching, teaching mode, discussion
The basic idea of the three-link teaching mode of "independent inquiry and innovation" is to provide and create historical situations for students, so that students can walk into history themselves, feel the major events and activities of historical figures, examine history with diverse learning methods and intuitive and scientific attitudes, develop multiple intelligences, explore gains and losses, and obtain historical enlightenment. This is very beneficial to develop students' sociality, individuality and creativity, and to cultivate students' autonomous learning and innovation ability.
The first is the construction of the three-link subjective teaching mode of "independent inquiry and innovation"
Teaching mode refers to the stable relationship and structural form among the elements in the process of teaching activities under the guidance of certain teaching concepts, teaching theories and learning theories in a specific teaching environment. Then, under the guidance of constructivism learning theory, how to use modern educational technology to build a new modern teaching model? After years of exploration, we have applied and constructed a new teaching mode of "independence, inquiry and innovation". Schematic diagram of its structure:
Independent stage → inquiry process → innovation stage
The new subjective teaching mode of "independence, inquiry and innovation" is a classroom teaching mode characterized by students' independent learning, active inquiry and strengthening innovation consciousness. Its core goal is to give full play to students' initiative in learning, become the active constructor of meaning, become the subject of learning, become the helper and promoter of students' construction of meaning, fully display students' thinking process and emotional experience process, and emphasize the cultivation of students' independent inquiry ability and innovative consciousness. Adhere to the implementation of students' dominant position in learning and realize the all-round development of students' knowledge and ability under the guidance of teachers.
Second, the implementation steps of "independent inquiry and innovation" teaching mode
(1) Autonomous stage: Teachers provide as rich learning resources as possible, create vivid and interesting learning experience scenes, and guide students to learn independently. Students learn, operate, discover and explore independently from various learning resources (especially multimedia teaching resources) according to the situation created by teachers, and initially form the structural system of knowledge, which is the primary stage of learning.
There are many ways to create historical situations. However, the effect of using modern educational technology to create historical situations is more prominent. For example, when studying the struggle against Beiyang warlords, students and teachers should first watch Yuan Shikai's multimedia courseware resources for restoring imperialism, understand the historical background of the struggle against the rule of Beiyang warlords, read through the textbooks and make clear the basic structure of this section. Finally, after discussion, everyone agrees that the framework of this paper can be "the beginning and end of the rule of Beiyang warlords" Then, I use several videos of the second revolution, the movement to protect the country and the movement to protect the law, as well as supplementary written materials and pictures, to let students walk into the historical situation created, feel the process of historical events and the activities of characters, and form their own knowledge, opinions, attitudes and emotions.
(2) Inquiry stage
1, independent inquiry, independent construction
In the process of self-inquiry learning history, students are the main body of learning, and teachers are the service providers of self-inquiry learning, providing necessary guidance and help for students' self-inquiry. In this process, students mainly search, observe, read, analyze, judge, process and integrate learning resources according to their own learning goals, and construct the initial meaning of knowledge.
2, collaborative discussion, optimize the construction
Collaboration should run through the whole learning activity. The cooperation between teachers and students and between students plays a very important role in the collection and analysis of learning materials, the proposition and verification of hypotheses, the self-feedback of learning process, the evaluation of learning results and the final construction of meaning. Communication is the most basic way or link in the process of cooperation. In the teaching mode of "independence, exploration and innovation", students discuss according to the questions raised by teachers on the basis of having certain historical information and with the help of a good classroom teaching atmosphere (in the process of cooperative discussion, the value of the questions raised by students themselves or the questions randomly generated in the classroom is particularly important), and they are inspired and complemented by groups to seek answers. In this process, adhere to the principle of openness. The key point is to show the process of students' thinking and cooperative learning.
(3) Innovation stage
According to the curriculum standards, the requirements of knowledge and ability, learning process and methods, emotional attitude and values are put forward, and multimedia network technology resources are brought into the classroom, so that students can expand their thinking and exploration space on the basis of the original cognitive level, cultivate a scientific attitude that is good at thinking and dare to question, and let students learn to think and solve problems from multiple angles, and initially form a certain critical thinking ability. Learning in the learning process is not only to ask students to simply remember some knowledge points and learn simple operations, but more importantly, to solve some new problems through the learning of such knowledge and skills. Helping students to construct meaning is to help students realize a deeper understanding of the nature and laws of things reflected in the current learning content and the internal relationship between things and other things, and at the same time construct personalized and original meaning. Therefore, the ultimate goal of history teaching is to cultivate students' humanistic spirit and innovative consciousness in the process of experiencing, appreciating and understanding history. The teaching mode of "independence-exploration-innovation" can make history education go out of boring, rigid and monotonous preaching and step into an intoxicating and charming classroom that breeds individuality and creative spirit. Galloping in the vast historical stage and life.
Third, the implementation strategy of "autonomy-inquiry-innovation" teaching mode
1, the classroom teaching mode of "autonomy-inquiry-innovation" is not suitable for all history classes.
The purpose of the new history curriculum is to promote the coordinated development of students' knowledge and ability, process and method, emotional attitude and values, with the fundamental pursuit of promoting students' all-round development. Regarding the teaching mode, we must first avoid two wrong views: one is that the teaching mode is a fixed formula, and it must be applied rigidly in order to achieve the best effect; Second, I believe that every learner has a learning style, which cannot be changed. Both views will put us in an awkward position, with consequences and influence. In teaching design, we can find a problem as a breakthrough, ask questions at different levels in combination with the theme, create scenarios, inspire thinking and explore in depth.
2. The classroom teaching mode of "autonomy-exploration-innovation" requires students to have strong self-learning ability and the desire to actively express, think and participate in discussion and analysis. The degree of students' participation directly affects the effect of classroom teaching, and teachers should be good at using various methods and teaching means to attract students' participation. For example, the examination questions should be attractive, hierarchical and targeted, and pay attention to the cultivation of students' thinking quality and the improvement of their ability level while stimulating students' perception and guiding them to master basic knowledge.
3. Self-determination-exploration-innovation "classroom teaching mode, students have a large space for activities and need more classroom time. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to deal with the contents of teaching materials in a detailed and appropriate way. On the other hand, using multimedia technology to assist teaching as much as possible is the most effective tool to create situations, which is conducive to inspiring and guiding students to process information, stimulate interest and actively explore and discover; It is conducive to breaking through the difficulties and revealing the essence, laws and internal relations of things, thus completing the meaning construction.
In short, with the continuous acceleration of the process of educational informatization, modern educational technology participates in the teaching process, providing students with a broad space for independent learning and self-development. Teachers are no longer the only source of knowledge for students. Students can learn online, exchange learning between classmates and teachers and students, and multimedia courseware, especially online courseware, enters classroom teaching, which fully embodies the subjective teaching.