I. Kindergarten

1. The concept of kindergarten

Kindergarten is an institution to protect and educate preschool children over three years old, and it is the basic stage of school education.

2. The nature and status of kindergartens in China

The nature of educational institutions in socialist schools and their position as the first link in the educational system.

3. The tasks of kindergartens in China

Kindergartens in China shoulder dual tasks: first, to educate children to develop in an all-round way in physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic aspects,

Cultivate builders and successors of the socialist cause; The second is to provide convenient conditions for parents to work and study with peace of mind.

Second, kindergarten education.

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"Education" in a broad sense is defined as "social activities" to cultivate people. It has three characteristics: first, it is unique to human society.

Yes; The second is purposeful and conscious, and the third is to influence people's physical and mental development as a direct purpose.

"Education" in a narrow sense refers to school education. There are two characteristics: first, school education is based on the requirements of society.

Educated people are the most purposeful, systematic and organized educational activities, so they are also the most controllable.

Second, school education is undertaken by specialized agencies and full-time personnel, whose task is to train students who have obtained admission qualifications.

People.

2. Early childhood education and kindergarten education

"Early childhood education" in a broad sense refers to any education aimed at young children.

Preschool education in a narrow sense refers to kindergarten education.

As China's kindergartens are incorporated into China's education system, kindergarten education belongs to the school education system, which is

An important part of basic education.

Definition of kindergarten education: Kindergarten education is undertaken by kindergartens and implemented by full-time kindergarten teachers according to social needs.

Seek to implement purposeful, planned and organized social activities for children in the park to promote their all-round physical and mental development.

3. The position and role of kindergarten education in early childhood education

At present, the position of kindergarten education in early childhood education is still the core position, but it is being influenced by other forms of education.

Influence. Judging from the development of preschool education, the integration of various forms of education is still a variety of children with kindergarten as the core.

It is the general trend for educational forms to learn from each other's strengths and cooperate with each other.

Kindergarten education has two functions in early childhood education: one is radiation, that is, it plays a role in various forms of early childhood education.

Guide and demonstrate to promote its development; The second is to promote the communication between various forms of early childhood education and form an educational synergy.

Use.

Section 2 Nature, Objectives and Functions of Kindergarten Education

First, the nature of kindergarten education

China is a socialist country under the people's democratic dictatorship, which determines the socialist nature of kindergarten education in China.

It is determined that it is an integral part of socialist education in China.

Second, the goal of kindergarten education

1. On the concept of kindergarten education objectives

The goal of kindergarten education is the concretization of educational purpose in kindergarten stage, and it is the norm and necessity of kindergarten talent training.

Beg.

2. The foundation of kindergarten education goals

(1) social demand

(2) Children's development needs and possibilities

3. The content of kindergarten education objectives

The purpose of education in China is to "cultivate builders and successors of the socialist cause with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique."

People. In early childhood, this goal is manifested as "educating children to develop in an all-round way in body, intelligence, morality and beauty". "

Education promotes the harmonious development of body and mind. "This is the educational goal of kindergarten.

This goal has two outstanding features: (1) fully reflects the age characteristics of children. (2) rich in distinctive characteristics of the times.

4. The level of kindergarten education objectives

If the kindergarten education goal is the highest goal in the kindergarten education goal system, then the following can be divided into several parts.

Level.

Divided by time latitude:

The first level: the goal of kindergarten education

The second level: the educational goals of kindergarten classes of all ages.

The third level: semester goals

The fourth level: the educational objectives of the kindergarten monthly plan or weekly plan.

The fifth level: the educational goal of a day's life, an activity or a class in kindergarten.

According to the scope of educational objectives:

The first level: the goal of kindergarten education, which guides all kinds of kindergartens at all levels in the country.

The second level: the goal of guiding a kindergarten includes educating children of all ages in all aspects of physical and mental development.

Target.

The third level: the goal of guiding a class is the goal of combining the specific situation of children in this class at all ages in kindergarten.

Things.

The fourth level: the goal of guiding a unit activity can be the unit of the theme activity or the teaching material.

A unit.

The fifth level: the goal of guiding an educational activity or a class.

5. Problems that should be paid attention to in realizing kindergarten education goals.

(1) Pay attention to the accuracy of the transformation when the target is transformed layer by layer, otherwise, it will be "a short step will make a lasting regret".

(2) In the process of concretizing and putting the educational goals into practice, principals and teachers should make good use of them and stand the test of various societies.

The impact of ideological trend, the pressure of society and parents.

(3) Pay attention to the individual differences of children in the process of achieving the goal of unified education.

Third, the function of kindergarten education.

1. Two functions of kindergarten education

The first is the function of promoting social development, that is, the external instrumental value of kindergarten education.

The second is the function of promoting children's physical and mental harmony and all-round development, that is, the intrinsic value of early childhood education.

2. The contents of two major functions of kindergarten education:

(1) The contents of the function of promoting social development: First, focusing on long-term goals, in order to improve the quality of the whole Chinese nation,

"grab from the doll"; The second is to focus on the short-term goal and serve the popularization of nine-year compulsory education.

(2) The content of the function of promoting children's individual development: it is mainly reflected in the respect and protection of children's rights in kindergarten education.

Welfare, such as children's right to education, learning, development and play. So that every child can achieve success under his realistic conditions.

Possible level of development. Children's development mainly includes two aspects. One is to focus on the long-term development of children.

Far-sighted, cultivate their basic qualities to adapt to the future and lifelong education, especially the initiative, independence and harmony of children.

Being a spirit, being helpful and other important personality qualities needed by modern society will enable them to learn to learn and care in the future.

Have the ability of self-education, self-restraint and self-control in society, live with a sense of responsibility and become a qualified social citizen. The second is.

Focusing on short-term goals, helping children prepare for primary school mainly focuses on the necessary social adaptability, learning adaptability and physical fitness.

Physical quality, good habits, attitudes, skills and abilities, etc. Help them lay a good foundation.

Section 3 Basic Principles of Kindergarten Education

I. General principles of education

1. The principle of respecting children's personal dignity and legal rights

2. The principle of promoting the all-round and harmonious development of children's morality, intelligence and physique.

3. Pay attention to the principle of individual differences.

4. The principle of making full use of educational resources of children, families and society.

Second, the special principles of kindergarten education

1. The principle of unity between education and protection

2. Games are the principle of basic activities.

3. The principle of educational activities and diversity of activities

4. Give full play to the principle of the whole educational function of one-day life.