With the help of multimedia, music, pictures, calligraphy and other specific situations are used to render the beauty of words, bring students into the poet's spiritual world and deepen their understanding of the poet's unique spiritual world. The introduction of chanting things into the classroom can stimulate students' interest in reading and help them understand the literary style of ci.
Teaching focus
One: recite this word.
Second, the training of association and imagination.
Teaching difficulties
The author's perception of life and the embodiment of his broad mind in poetry.
Teaching design
First, set the scene.
▲ Music appreciation "Mink Head" (multimedia demonstration: Mink Head calligraphy, Su Shi raises a glass to invite the moon. The teacher hums)
Second, the introduction of new courses.
Throughout the ages, I don't know how many girl poets wrote poems and songs with the Mid-Autumn Moon as the theme. Can students recite one or two?
(For example, Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night, Wang Jian's Looking at the Moon at Fifteen Nights, etc. )
▲ What feelings do these poems pin on the author? Why did the ancients pin such feelings on the moon?
(In ancient times, traffic and communication were backward, contact was difficult, and parting thoughts could not be pinned; You can also contact the homesickness when you jumped the queue in 2008 to help students understand)
Before class, we enjoyed Su Shi, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, who wrote the poem "Shuidiao Tou" with the Mid-Autumn Festival as the theme.
▲ Media demonstration: Read aloud with the soundtrack of "Mink Head".
The most famous poem of Mid-Autumn Festival, Water Turn Around, has always been very popular. Let's take a look at the evaluation of this word by future generations:
▲ Media demonstration:
In the Qing Dynasty, Hu Zai wrote "Tai Xi Yu Yin Cong Hua" and said:? The Mid-Autumn Festival Ci comes from Dongpo's "Water Tune Song Tou", and the other ci works are all useless. ?
Who can introduce Su Shi?
▲ Please promise? The Mid-Autumn Festival Ci comes from Dongpo's "Shuidiao Song Tou", and all the other Ci are abandoned? Understand. (follow-up: what did we find from it? )
▲ Media demonstration:
Su Wan (1037-1101): a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zi yue Zhan, no Dongpo lay man. Meishan (now Sichuan) people. Su Wan was the most outstanding litterateur in the Song Dynasty, with unique achievements in poetry, writing, calligraphy, painting and literary theory. Article Wang Yang leisurely boss, I see, why? Eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties? One. His poems are fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggerated metaphors and unique in artistic expression. The bold and unconstrained writing has a great influence on later generations.
Third, overall perception.
▲ Read the text freely (the media plays the music "Water Turn around"), and look it up in the dictionary to solve new words.
Thinking:
What does the preface of this word say?
What did you write on the altar?
What should I write next?
How to write this word?
What are the problems in reading?
▲ patrol to understand the self-reading situation:
Media demonstration;
Please pay attention to the following dotted words:
Gongque (q? ) Qionglou (Q? N π) Yu Yu (yǜ)
Brother Zhu (π? ) Ithaca (qǐ) Chen Juan (ch? n)
▲ Students questioned.
Fourth, text research.
What does the preface of this word say?
This long tune was written in the ninth year of Xining, Song Shenzong (1076), that is, the Mid-Autumn Festival in the year of Chen Bing. At that time, the author was in Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province). Judging from the preface, this word is lyrical after drunkenness, missing my brother (Ziyou).
How does the author express his nostalgia for his brother?
Students speak freely, and the teacher summarizes:
I miss my brother Su Zhe with a full moon.
What did Shang Kun write?
Look at the moon (write scenery)
? When will the bright moon turn the wine room into a clear sky? The moon is one of the important archetypes of ancient culture in China, and the number of ballads about the moon by ancient poets in China is unprecedented. According to relevant ancient books, Dongpo is not a person who can drink a lot, but he likes drinking with others, especially watching others drink. The happiness of others is also his happiness. He has an open mind and a clear disposition. He is himself between drunkenness and waking up from a dream, and nothing is closer to himself than himself. Is that why he is handsome? Ask heaven for wine? . ? I don't know about palaces in the sky. What year is tonight? There is doubt in the heavenly palace. In ancient times, there was a saying that "one day in the sky, one year on earth". So Dongpo thinks that there must be different ways to calculate time between heaven and earth. Time on earth is like a blink of an eye, but it is slow in the sky. There is a helpless sadness about the natural phenomenon that time makes people old.
? I want to go home by wind, but I'm afraid of Qionglou Yuyu. What kind of mood does it reflect the author?
This is the natural transformation of the above sadness. Because it has nothing to do with the experience in the world, I think? Take the wind home? . Have you used it here? Return? That's very meaningful. The author uses it? Immortal? Pretend to be. ? I want to ride home in the wind? Arriving in heaven, he gradually developed new worries. He went to heaven and returned to the place where he came from. In fantasy, new worries gradually emerged. ? Is it too cold up there? I'm afraid I can't stand the cold any more. His heaven is on earth. Here, Su Shi gave the word a very rich meaning. He is a little tired of the world he lives in. He is eager to rise to a purer height, but he can't stand the cold. This is how he is in a contradictory position. Literally, it seems that Qionglou Yuyu can't stand the cold at the top, but the author really cares about himself. ? Dance and enjoy the shadow of the moon, which is in the world. There is a saying that is the author's guess.
▲ Media demonstration:
Shangyu? Look at the moon (write scenery)
Bright moon, fine wine, blue sky, Me? , Wind, Qingying, Zhuge, Wild Fox
(true writing)
Palace Kan, Qionglou Yuyu (imaginary writing)
What will you write in the next chapter?
Be pregnant with people (lyrical).
? The moon turned into a scarlet pavilion, hanging low on the carved window, shining on the sleepy self. ? Describe the movement of the moon with three verbs. The moon rises, revolves around Zhuge and slowly descends. The moonlight extends into the window and shines on people who can't sleep in bed. The poet personified the moon here. Like the moon is one with him? Have a heart My friend.
▲ Who do the students think this situation is? Insomnia And then what?
It makes sense to express your own opinions, but to be clear about which situation conforms to the artistic conception of the word, you can guide the contact title. People have joys and sorrows? 、? May people last long? Waiting for words to think)
? The moon should not have any resentment against people. Why is it round when people are gone? ,? What is this? A book? What time? There are two in one sentence? What time? Words, it is not appropriate to cut, it is also unreasonable. Because the moon has been regarded as a friend above, it is necessary to have a heart-to-heart talk with her and express the most cordial greetings to her. This ten-day holiday means: Moon, can you overcome the cold at this height? Don't have a world? Does our creation still have the same resentment as we small and poor humans? No, you are perfect, and there should be no resentment; But why do people always get together when they leave? People can't be reunited when they are reunited. Is it incomplete when they leave? Why do you always disagree with us? Can't the sadness of our human parting win your pity at all?
From the movie? Turn the wine room into the sky? Here in "Looking at the Moon", the poet's feelings have changed greatly, and he gradually realized something. It can also be said that he heard the voice from transcendence. ? People are sad and happy, and they are separated and reunited. The moon will darken or shine, and it will become round or round. Nothing is perfect, even in the past. ? This sentence can be regarded as the author's understanding, and it can also be regarded as the moon's answer: the moon is not perfect, and she also has her own innate sadness, which is shared by others? Sad and happy? Similarly, she has it? Clear and round? The world itself is not perfect, and everything has its inherent shortcomings. Knowing this, what's the point of complaining about others? People have joys and sorrows, and the moon is full of ups and downs. Two sentences also tell us that we should treat any problem comprehensively and dialectically.
Finally? I hope people live a long life. , showing the poet's good wishes and broad-minded mood. This ending is naturally reached, and the author will naturally reach this height in the end. This is the reason why this word is widely circulated and popular.
▲ Media demonstration:
Xia Wei? Huairen (lyrical)
The moon should not have any resentment against people. Why is it round when people are gone?
(borrowing scenery to express emotion, blending scenes)
Words only express the memory of my younger brother Su Zhe?
I hope people live a long life.
? Expressed the poet's broad mind.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) investigates the problem.
▲ Why does the author feel this way?
▲ Media introduction:
Su Shi had a rough life. When he was in his ancestral line, he asked for westernization because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law. He worked as a judge in Hangzhou and knew Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. Finish writing the poem? Slander the court? Crime demotes Huangzhou. At that time, Zhezong was a bachelor of Hanlin, and once knew Hangzhou, Yingzhou and other places. , a former does history. Later, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou. He died in Changzhou in the second year after returning to the North.
For politically frustrated people, dissatisfaction with reality is inevitable. Where did this come from? The moon should not have any resentment against people. Why is it round when people are gone? It can be seen. But? People have joys and sorrows, and the moon is full of ups and downs. ,? I hope people live a long life. He also told us that he was broad-minded. Since the laws of nature are irresistible, why can't we? Everything is fate? So what (Su Shi believes in Buddhism and Taoism because of frustration)? The conclusion part not only expresses the poet's good wishes, but also reveals the poet's unique views on Zen.
▲ Fan Du (media plays music "Mink Head").
▲ Students read mink head together (the music of mink head is played by the media) to learn more about the word.
▲ What is the spelling of this word?
In this poem, the author boldly uses the skills of association and imagination. Who can cite one or two applications from his own text? Lenovo? And then what? Imagine? An example of?
An example of student freedom.
▲ Media demonstration:
Lenovo:
Mount Tai? Street lamp? Figure? The sky? Star? Figure ("Market in the Sky")
Imagine this:
? Cloud pictures in the sky? Feathers, fish scales and sheep (see the weather from the clouds)
▲ In this word, the author raises a glass to the moon. What do you associate and imagine?
▲ Media demonstration:
Bright moon? Palace? QiongLou Yu Yu Xiang Lane
Full moon (in the sky)? Communication between people
▲ Media demonstration:
Provide two pictures for students to imagine.
▲ Media demonstration:
Ci is a kind of verse evolved from poetry. During the Tang and Five Dynasties, it was called Quzi, Quzi and Ci. Qu refers to music, while Ci refers to literary works. Words and inflections are separate. In Song Dynasty, Ci became an independent style, but it could still be sung with music. Words have epigrams, such as "Shuidiao Tou", which refers to the tune of words. The ancients often read words by singing.
Sixth, recite the text
▲ The media played "Mink Head". The recording was exciting and required to be recited.
▲ The media plays the music "Mink Head", and students hum and recite.
Nomination test.
The teacher comes back with the students.
Seven. distribute
With what? Look up at the starry sky on a summer night, imagine the beginning and write a short article.
Is vertical and horizontal extension chic? Guanling Zongwei teaches "water adjustment"? When did the moon begin to appear?
Hongbing Zhang
Where is Miss Ling from Jiangsu Xiting Middle School? Cooperation forum between excellent teachers and educational experts? Cum? Tongzhou Mingshi Road Teaching and Research Salon? During the activity, the junior two students of the Golden Middle School in this city gave participants a Chinese observation class: teaching Su Shi's "Shuidiao Tou?" When did the moon begin to appear? This course vividly embodies the modern teaching concept, and its teaching skills are flexible and exquisite, which is well received by students and appreciated by peers. What is the success of Miss Ling's class? With what? Words: random and easy-going with the meaning of students and textbooks; No show, no fixed pattern.
Longitudinal guide: pride in randomness
In order to let students really enjoy the meaning of words actively, teachers always position themselves as the attendant role in the student exploration team. Its guidance is mostly to discuss and discuss with the students' meaning, and to set doubts and conditions with the meaning of the text.
At the beginning of class, multimedia plays "Mink Head?" Echoes in the class. When did the moon begin to appear? This song is bold and unrestrained. The teacher reveled in it, strolled freely and sang in pitch. Students are infected, inadvertently integrated into the artistic conception, and they are humming? so this is it？ Import? . This song has been hidden and presented in the whole classroom? Background music? .
Is the teacher on the longitudinal guide? Whatever. Can be seen everywhere. ? What do you think are the most important ways to learn ancient poetry? What do students think is one? Read more? And the second one is? Understand the meaning of words? . Did the teacher listen to the students explain this? Two ways? I deeply agree with the reason: Ok, let's use these two methods to learn this word today. ? Ask students to listen to the multimedia recordings read by celebrities, not only provide demonstrations, but also ask students to pay attention to whether there are any words that you think are inaccurate. A small detail makes students passive? Audience? Turn? Active judge? . The subtleties have not forgotten the cultivation of criticism and research spirit. Sure enough, where are the students? Listen. Catch one of them? Wrong? I want to ride home in the wind? By who? Should read? ch？ ng？ , should not read? ch？ ng？ . ? Why? By the way,? A tour guide? The students' quotations were demonstrated. ? Very well, inferring the unknown from the known is a very important method for research and learning. ? Paying attention to real praise is not only an affirmation and encouragement, but also a learning method? Dark guide? . Self-study allows the following students to study the text freely and understand the meaning? Teach it to fish? . What does the teacher mean when the students look up the dictionary? Guidance? See the big from the small: I found that some students are copying while checking, some students are folding while checking, and some students are working together at the same table to share the harvest. Tell me, which method is faster and better? Still a method guide.
? Qingying? What do you mean? It's not in the dictionary either ? Some students ask questions.
? By the way, why the shadow? Qing? Yes, are there any muddy shadows? What do you mean? Guess. ? After a little silence, a student excitedly replied:? A clear shadow is a lonely shadow. ? How do you know that? Because? Qing? It also means silence. The author is far away from home and relatives. Mid-Autumn Festival reunion, drinking the bright moon alone, feeling sorry for yourself. Is this unusual? Silence? I think I'm lonely. ? Any different opinions? Does everyone agree? I agree with you. I admire the way this classmate understands this kind of words. Qing? And then what? Shadow? Understand separately and think together; The second is to analyze and think about the meaning of related sentences in the text, and not stick to the general explanation in the dictionary. We should not only look up information, but also use it. Now, is there any way to deal with those words that can't be found in the dictionary? Come on, let's try. ? So what? Brother Zhu? 、? Ithaca? Such things will be solved soon. Teacher Mingming released it? Morpheme analysis? This is just for students.
When asked to talk about the main meaning of a word, a student can't say it completely. The teacher said: Well, that's what it means. Anything else? Another student made a supplement. Another student took the first two? Jia Lian? . ? The meaning is complete, and it is made of flour, sugar, milk, water and other raw materials. Not compressed biscuits. Who can process compressed biscuits? A student made a summary. ? Good, cookies are ready. Can you refine it a little? In this way, step by step guidance, and finally refined to a sentence. In this way, it shows the process operation, integrates the training of interactive understanding of meaning and refining generalization ability, and the effect is obvious. When discussing the next lecture, the teacher retired from the director to the audience, and the learning process was greatly shortened.
Does the teacher look like? Whatever. , free and easy longitudinal guide, its shape is scattered? God? , mainly in various forms? Reading? For the main line. Listening to lectures, commenting, free initial reading, reading while checking, discussing and learning, self-study reading, teacher's model essay reading, student's model essay reading, and finally this lesson? Summary? But the teacher and the students recite the whole word together. In the whole teaching process, there is always a transition, discussion, longitudinal investigation and extension from the beginning to the end. Read aloud? Do you understand? This one? Spindle? Let's go Originated from reading, divergent from reading, comprehended from reading and attributed to reading (emotional experience and embodiment). How to teach Chinese, especially ancient poetry? Reading? Go out? Canyon? Multi-level and multi-form flexible application provides a good example for reference.
Horizontal extension: born in prose
Open Chinese teaching requires teachers to give students more knowledge, information and opportunities with the help of teaching materials, and to cultivate students' thinking, expression and innovation ability. Where is Miss Ling's class? Longitudinal guide rail The random and random horizontal expansion of middle school also shows its dexterous and flexible teaching skills. The specific performance is as follows:
1? After importing with songs, write with objects? The moon? Arouse students' memories, give examples and recite ancient and modern poems about the moon.
2? About the author and reading? Order? In the discussion, let the students compete to say what they know and expand their common sense of literature. Is the teacher clever? Supervision? According to the author's life experience, situation at that time, writing style and the creative background of the word, so as to see through and understand the whole word? Meaning? Lay a good foundation.
3? In the discussion, several kinds of scenery were actually written in the landscape description, which developed to about? Me? This? People? Is it Beijing Zhong Yi? Things? Discuss.
4? When discussing the writing of association and imagination, the teacher extended it to Guo Moruo's free poem "The Market in the Sky" that the students had learned.
5? After students understand the relationship and difference between association and imagination, the teacher shows several different cloud pictures on the screen, so that students can use association and imagination to look at pictures and speak, and train their creative practical abilities such as divergent thinking and oral expression.
In addition, the author's manner, movements, posture, tone, tone? Coordination is changeable, relaxation is moderate, and the amplitude and tension of ups and downs are full of passion, which brings strong appeal and appeal to students. Teachers use passion to convey the author's feelings, infect and stimulate students' passion. Interest stimulates randomness and follows feelings, which adds a lot of vitality to the whole class and is well received by the participants.
(Excerpted from Chinese Teaching Newsletter (Junior Middle School), No.5, 2003.
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