19 19 The May 4th Movement was an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal movement as well as a great cultural revolution movement. A wave of criticizing all feudal ideology and culture and advocating new ideas, new morals and new knowledge has been set off, which has made China's emerging cultural undertakings present a thriving scene. Cai Yuanpei's theory of "replacing religion with aesthetic education" has a great influence in the progressive cultural circles. A group of new intellectuals who have studied music and music education in Japan, Europe and America, as well as some amateur music lovers who were the first to acquire modern music knowledge in school music activities, actively responded to the slogan of "aesthetic education" and were full of patriotic enthusiasm. They hoped that by developing China's music culture, inspiring the national spirit, saving the country and the people, a new music industry would be formed in China, and professional music activities would be started. In the establishment of professional music education, the initial construction of music theory and music creation.

Since 19 19, some new music societies have been established in various places, which are different from piano clubs, music clubs and drama classes. Among them, Peking University Music Research Association and China Aesthetic Education Association were established earlier and had great influence. Peking University Music Research Association was founded by Cai Yuanpei and Xiao et al. in 19 19 1 year. The conference is divided into two parts: national music and western music. There are piano, violin, orchestra, guqin, pipa, private schools, Kunqu opera and Pihuang groups, as well as China music singing classes, private school improvement associations and special classes for training music teachers from other provinces. 1920, Music Magazine, the first music publication published in China, was founded. The main members of the association are music teachers from various schools in Beijing and music lovers among students. In the same year, Li Shutong's disciples Wu Mengfei, Feng Zikai and Liu Zhiping founded the China Aesthetic Education Association in Shanghai. Participants are music, art, drama and handicraft teachers from different schools. This is a comprehensive art education society, which mainly uses seminars and other activities every summer to impart artistic knowledge. The magazines edited by the association include aesthetic education. Under the aim of "aesthetic education", these new music societies not only teach music knowledge, study Chinese and western music, organize various social music activities, but also compile and translate various popular books, periodicals and music scores introducing Chinese and western music, and carry out music creation and other activities, which actually played a role in cultivating music talents.

On this basis, from the 1920s, the first batch of departments of professional music education in China appeared in some liberal arts universities, such as the Music Department of Beijing Women's Teachers College (1September, 920); Peking University Conservatory of Music reorganized by Peking University Music Research Association (1922); Music Department of Shanghai Normal University (1920, 1992 renamed Shanghai Art Normal University); Music Department of Beijing Institute of Art (1926), Music Department of Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts, Music Department of Shanghai Academy of Art, etc. The music departments affiliated to these liberal arts universities have provided experience and laid a foundation for the establishment of specialized music schools.

1927165438+1On October 27th, with the active support of Mr. Cai Yuanpei, then the president of Nanjing government public school, and the efforts of others, the first specialized music school in China, the National Conservatory of Music (1929 was renamed as "National Conservatory of Music"), was established in Shanghai. Its system is basically modeled after single-subject universities in Germany, France and other countries, with undergraduate, normal and elective courses and theoretical composition. Groups such as keyboard instruments, band instruments and China Music have hired famous musicians from home and abroad to teach and trained a large number of professionals with high musical level. With the establishment of professional music education, various concerts began to be held frequently in China. 1923, the band of Shanghai Ministry of Industry, led by Italian musician May Bocci, also expanded into a relatively complete orchestra, and China people began to enter. Some famous foreign musicians have also performed in China. All these make China's emerging music develop from the initial budding state, and expand among the people, with deepening influence.