First, the definition of inclusive education
Integrated education is a special educational theory, which emphasizes providing a normal educational environment for children with physical and mental disabilities, rather than an isolated environment, so that disabled children and ordinary children can accept each other, understand each other, communicate and cooperate and develop together.
Integrated education refers to the way that disabled children and ordinary children are put in the same classroom to study together. The focus is on providing a normal educational environment for disabled children and adolescents, not an isolated environment. All special education and related service measures are provided in ordinary classes, so that special education and general education are integrated into a system.
Integrated education has become an indispensable means of education and an important part of special education in the current social education development trend.
Second, the motive force of the rise of inclusive education is the change of ideas.
The transformation of the concept of integrated education has shifted from focusing on special children to focusing on all children, so that all children can receive high-quality inclusive education, which reflects the fairness and inclusiveness of education. The transformation of the concept of integrated education, from special education to general education, has made ordinary schools the main body of integrated education, reflecting the integration and optimization of educational resources.
The transformation of the concept of integrated education, from additional work to parallel work, integrates education into the overall work of the school, which embodies the systematic and scientific nature of education.
Five Basic Concepts of Integrated Education and Their Origin
First, the five basic concepts of integrated education
1, the spirit of fairness
Every child has the basic right to receive education. It is necessary to ensure that every child's educational rights and interests are protected, and the opportunity to receive education will not be lost because of differences in race, gender, family background, physical condition and property status.
2. Differential nursing
Every child is unique and has different learning needs and abilities, so it is necessary to provide support and help suitable for their needs to promote their learning and development.
3. People-oriented
The purpose of education is to promote people's all-round development, so it is necessary to pay attention to each individual's needs and characteristics, provide personalized teaching support, and ensure that every student can be fully developed.
4. Multiple symbiosis
Integrated education emphasizes students with different backgrounds and abilities to communicate and learn from each other in order to achieve common development.
5. Respect multiple intelligences
Integrated education respects each student's different intelligence and development potential, pays attention to the individual differences of students in the process of education, teaches students in accordance with their aptitude and promotes their all-round development.
Second, the origin of inclusive education
The origin of inclusive education can be traced back to the American civil rights movement since the 1950s.
Inclusive education, also known as inclusive education, originated from 1990 United Nations World Declaration on Education for All, and was put forward again in 1994 Spain Salamanca Declaration. Based on the belief of meeting the diverse needs of all students, integrated education provides equal opportunities for special children to receive efficient education and related services in neighboring schools under the cultural atmosphere of acceptance, belonging and community.