The problem of intergenerational education in preschool education and its improvement countermeasures 1. The present situation of intergenerational education in contemporary family education
The so-called intergenerational education means that the main body of preschool education is grandparents (or most of them), and parents have little contact with their children, or even give up raising and educating their children completely.
In China, grandparents' parents play an important role in family support for children aged 0-3. Newsweek reported a story about? Intergenerational education? According to a national survey, nearly half of the children in China grew up with their grandparents. A survey on the way of raising children aged 0-3 in Shanghai shows that 73% of the children live with their grandparents, and 84.6% of the children are raised by grandparents. With the formation of an aging society, it is becoming the educational feature of many families that grandparents educate their grandchildren.
Second, the advantages and disadvantages of intergenerational education
1. Advantages of intergenerational education
(1) Grandparents have enough time and energy to devote to their grandchildren. On the one hand, they can reduce the burden on their parents, promote family harmony, develop a good relationship between grandparents and grandchildren, and establish a sense of security between grandparents and grandchildren. On the other hand, they can be a bridge between grandchildren and parents.
(2) Grandparents have practical experience in raising children, and it is easier for them to deal with children of different ages than parents.
(3) Grandparents have accumulated rich social experience and life insights in social practice, which is a valuable asset to promote the law of children's social development and effectively deal with children's education problems.
(4) The interpersonal relationship of extended family is too complicated, while the interpersonal relationship of nuclear family is too simple, so that children can't understand all the complicated interpersonal relationships in family society. Family education force composed of grandparents and parents can give consideration to the strengths of large and small families, get rid of their shortcomings and give full play to the function of family education.
(5) The elderly are more peaceful and tolerant, and their demands on their grandchildren are not as high as those of their parents, which can reduce the pressure on their children and let them grow up in a relaxed and harmonious environment.
2. Disadvantages of intergenerational education
(1) Due to the low quality of some grandparents' parents, they lack understanding of the standards and requirements of talents in modern society. Outdated ideas and routines to raise grandchildren will easily lead them to be out of touch with the times and affect the development of their innovative consciousness.
(2) Some grandparents think that their grandchildren are young, have minor faults and know nothing. Grandparents will replace them, which will weaken the cultivation of children's hands-on ability and cause children's poor self-care ability.
Due to the doting of ancestors and backward educational concepts, the thinking ability of grandchildren is limited, thus ignoring the status of children in society.
(3) Some grandparents blindly meet their grandchildren's demands out of psychological compensation, and this excessive accommodation encourages their children's wayward personality characteristics; Many grandparents are worried that being too strict with their grandchildren will lead to family disharmony, so they take a laissez-faire attitude towards their grandchildren.
(4) There are a lot of left-behind children in today's society. With a large number of migrant workers going out to work, there are a large number of left-behind children, which makes it inevitable to raise children in different generations, especially in rural areas. There are many problems in rural education, such as the lack of educational resources.
Third, measures to improve the quality of children's intergenerational education
1. Change the doting parenting style and love children rationally.
Letting children learn to be independent is more conducive to children's adaptation to society than blindly helping them solve all problems. Strengthen children's socialization education, let children have more contact with people and improve their communicative competence.
2. Strengthen the guidance and promotion of public opinion and form a good public opinion environment in which the whole society attaches importance to intergenerational education.
3. Improve quality and set an example.
Children's good habits are not cultivated by preaching, but by long-term subtle cultivation. The behavior of grandparents should set an example for children, be cautious and develop good living habits.
4. Unify ideas and standards
Children's grandparents should communicate with their parents more, discuss parenting experience, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, complement each other's advantages, and seek the greatest synergy of education. Seek the consistency of educational goals, the convergence of methods and the unified decision-making. You can't ask one child to do this and the other to do that, which will cause family conflicts.
5. dredge parent-child feelings
Actively create opportunities for children to have more contact with their parents, let children go to the park with their parents on weekends, let parents and children play parent-child games more, and let children experience intimacy and happiness with their parents in games.
6. Expand the scope of children's activities
Grandparents' physiological functions are declining, but they can take their children and parents out for a walk. You can take your children to travel on holidays, and you can't narrow the scope of your children's activities just because you want to save trouble or worry about their safety.
(1) Strengthen responsibilities, and parents play a leading role in parenting.
Montessori thinks? The most important stage of life is not in college, but from 0 to 6 years old? So? Don't let the children lose at the starting line? The key is that young parents should take up their own responsibilities, establish the idea that preschool education should be managed and must be managed, and deeply realize that children's psychological sound development cannot be separated from their parents' kindness. Such attachment can make children healthy, lively, cheerful, confident and self-respecting, which plays a decisive role in their future growth.
(2) unify understanding and build a bridge of communication.
Young parents should communicate with grandparents more, exchange educational experience, and guide them to constantly accept new things and learn new knowledge, so as to implement correct educational behavior for their grandchildren. In family education, the two sides must cooperate with each other to form a joint force, even if there are conflicts in educational methods, they should mediate privately.
(3) Improve the method and pay attention to its exemplary role.
Parents' words and deeds have a subtle influence on children. First of all, parents should care, love and respect the elderly and teach their children to love others. Children's kindness is the foundation of their future success. Secondly, parents should not beat and scold their children in front of their ancestors. Learn to respect children and maintain their self-esteem. Furthermore, parents should be good at controlling their emotions, and can't bring home setbacks and puzzles in society and work.
(4) Build a platform and establish a long-term learning mechanism.
Children grow up only once, and childhood only once. Every parent understands this truth, but in the face of multiple role choices, children's psychological needs are often the first to be abandoned. No matter how the society changes and the family structure changes, when we are faced with the inevitable intergenerational education, parents can't be exempted from their responsibilities. How to achieve a better balance in the intergenerational education family is a problem worthy of our attention. Only when families, schools and society support and cooperate with each other can we have a multi-level, multi-channel, all-round and all-round development.