James clerk maxwell,183111was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. His father is a knowledgeable lawyer, which makes Maxwell get a very good education from an early age. Maxwell/Kloc-entered Edinburgh Middle School at the age of 0/0, and when 14,

1847, Maxwell entered the University of Edinburgh to study mathematics and physics, 1850 transferred to the Department of Mathematics of Trinity College, Cambridge University. 1854, Maxwell won the Smith Scholarship with the second place in the whole school. Stay in the hospital to do two or three jobs after graduation. From 65438 to 0856, Maxwell was employed as a professor of natural philosophy in Marisa, Aberdeen, Scotland. 1860 Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy, King's College London. 186 1 was elected as a member of the Royal Society of London. 1865 Resigned from the faculty in the spring. Maxwell, who returned to his hometown, made a detailed study of his own electromagnetism and completed a classic masterpiece on electromagnetic field theory, On Electricity and Magnetism, which was published in 1873.

1854, after graduating from Cambridge University in England, Maxwell carefully read Faraday's masterpiece "Experimental Research on Electricity". Faraday's ideas about electromagnetic phenomena in this book deeply attracted Maxwell. This book made him realize that his understanding of electromagnetism was far from enough.

A year later, Maxwell, who was only 24 years old, published his first electromagnetic paper Faraday Magnetic Field Lines. In the paper, he summed up the characteristics of the magnetic field lines around the current into a mathematical equation by mathematical methods. This year, when Faraday finished his electrical research for more than 30 years, Maxwell became the greatest hope in the field of electromagnetism.

1859, Maxwell visited Faraday. Faraday had already communicated with him, and they had a good talk. In the conversation, Faraday mentioned Maxwell's paper Faraday Magnetic Field Lines published four years ago. Maxwell asked his opinion on this paper, and Faraday told him, "I don't think my understanding of electromagnetism is true, but you are the one who can really understand it."

"Can you show me the shortcomings in the paper?" Maxwell said modestly.

"This is an excellent article in itself, but you should not be limited to using mathematical methods to explain my point of view, try to break through it!"

Encouraged by Faraday's words, Maxwell immediately devoted himself to new research with greater enthusiasm.

Two years of intense research time passed, and Maxwell's efforts finally paid off. 1862, Maxwell published the second electromagnetic paper "On the Force Line of Physics" in the British Journal of Philosophy. Once the article was published, it caused a shock in the scientific community. The concept of displacement current introduced by Maxwell is an important discovery after Faraday electromagnetic induction. This is not only an epoch-making paper, but also a further extension and development of Faraday's viewpoint.

Maxwell was not satisfied with this. He once again gave full play to his mathematical talent and deduced the famous Maxwell equation from this scientific hypothesis. This set of equations not only satisfactorily explains Faraday electromagnetic induction phenomenon, but also further generalizes that there is an induced electric field where the magnetic field changes. The equation also proves that the changing magnetic field will produce an electric field, and the changing electric field will also produce a magnetic field. After Maxwell creatively summed up electromagnetic phenomena's laws, electromagnetism really became a scientific theory.

Maxwell's equation foresees the existence of electromagnetic waves. Maxwell was only 365,438+0 years old when he made this prediction. Later, Maxwell went deep into the electromagnetic field, making the form of Maxwell's equation more complete. He adopted a new mathematical method in his research and proved that the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves is equal to the speed of light. From then on, Maxwell announced to the world that there was an undiscovered electromagnetic wave in the world, but it filled the whole space. Maxwell's prediction shocked the physics community. The publication of his book "The General Theory of Electromagnetism" became a great event in the field of physics at that time, and the first edition was sold out within a few days.

1879165438+1On October 5th, Maxwell died of cancer. He was only 49 when he died. A superstar in the history of physics has fallen. According to a series of discoveries and experimental results of Biot, Faraday and other predecessors, the first complete electromagnetic theoretical system in the world was established, the existence of electromagnetic waves was successfully predicted, and the essential unity of light, electricity and magnetism was revealed, thus re-synthesizing physics. Although Maxwell's theory didn't get people's attention before his death, in the future, his views opened up a brand-new road for modern science and technology and laid the foundation for modern electronic industry, electric power industry and radio industry. Maxwell's life was full of wind and rain, and he devoted his whole life to the cause of science. The honor of this great scientist was far less than Faraday's. It was not until many years after his death that Hertz proved the existence of electromagnetic waves that people realized how correct his calculation was and recognized him as "the greatest mathematical physicist in the world after Newton".

The famous story of Maxwell

1. From "hillbilly" to "prodigy"

Maxwell's mother died when he was 18 years old, but under the loving care and meticulous guidance of his father, coupled with his courage and curiosity, Maxwell's childhood was still full of beauty. /kloc-When he entered Edinburgh Middle School at the age of 0/0, he wore rustic clothes with a strong country accent. He was laughed at and bullied by rich children of well-known families in class and called him a "hillbilly". But he was very tenacious, diligent and undisturbed, and soon showed his talent and changed others' views. He won the first place in the whole school's mathematics competition and poetry competition and became a famous "child prodigy". "prodigy" is not born, but the result of his strong thirst for knowledge and hard study.

Maxwell has a strong thirst for knowledge and imagination since he was a child, and likes to think and ask questions. It is said that when he was more than two years old, his father once led him to the street and saw a carriage parked by the road. He asked, "Dad, why didn't the carriage go?" Father said, "It's resting." Maxwell asked again, "Why do you want to rest?" Father casually said, "Maybe you are tired?" "No," Maxwell said seriously, "it's a stomachache!" On another occasion, menstruation brought Maxwell a basket of apples. He kept asking, "Why is this apple red?" Aunt didn't know how to answer, so she told him to play with soap bubbles. Who knows that when he was blowing soap bubbles, he saw the colorful colors on the soap bubbles and asked a few more questions. When he was in middle school, he also asked "why dead beetles don't conduct electricity" and "will live cats and dogs generate electricity when they rub together?" My father taught Maxwell geometry and algebra very early. After middle school, Maxwell knew almost all the mathematics knowledge in the textbook, so his father often gave him a "small stove" to bring some difficult problems to school. Whenever the students have fun, Maxwell enters the paradise of mathematics. He often hides in the corner of the classroom alone, or sits alone in the shade, fascinated by thinking and calculating mathematical problems.

Maxwell always listens carefully and thinks positively in class. He not only likes to ask some clever questions, but also corrects the mistakes in the teacher's lectures. It is said that once, he found a formula written by a lecturer was wrong and immediately stood up to give a report. The teacher was confident and sarcastically said, "If you are right, I will call it Maxwell's formula!" " "Later, the teacher went home to check, and it turned out that Maxwell was right.

I met a famous teacher by chance.

Maxwell, 19 years old, first arrived in Cambridge, and everything felt fresh. At this time, Maxwell specialized in mathematics and read many specialized works. However, his reading is not systematic. Sometimes, in order to study a problem, he can do nothing for weeks; Sometimes, he may read what he sees and ramble.

This young man who is good at learning and thinking needs the guidance of a famous teacher to shine brilliantly. Fortunately, by chance, Maxwell really met a good teacher, that is Hopkins. Hopkins is a professor of mathematics at Cambridge University. One day, he went to the library to borrow books Unfortunately, a math monograph he wanted was borrowed by a student first. That book is impossible for ordinary students to understand, and the professor is a bit strange. He asked the name of the borrower, and the librarian replied "Maxwell". When the professor found Maxwell, he saw that the young man was immersed in copying, his notebook was painted in various ways, and the room was in a mess. Hopkins couldn't help but become interested in young people and said humorously, "Young people, if there is no order, you will never become an excellent mathematical physicist." From this day on, Hopkins became Maxwell's guidance professor.

Hopkins is knowledgeable and has trained many talents. Under his guidance, Maxwell first overcame the chaotic learning methods. Hopkins is very strict with every topic and every step of his operation. The tutor also recommended Maxwell to study in the top class of Cambridge University, which was presided over by william thomson (Kelvin) and mathematician Stoke, who were also students of Hopkins and had high attainments in mathematics. Under the guidance of these two outstanding mathematicians, Maxwell made rapid progress. In less than three years, he mastered all the advanced mathematical methods at that time and became a promising young mathematician. Hopkins once praised him and said, "Of all the students I have taught, there is no doubt that this is the best one I have ever seen."

What did Maxwell achieve?

Maxwell discovered the electromagnetic theory in19th century. He inherited the theories of Oster, Ampere and Faraday, completed his own electromagnetic theory on the basis of previous studies, and directly influenced Einstein to put forward the special theory of relativity. He is a physicist who links the past with the future and occupies an important position in the history of scientific and technological development.

What are Maxwell's life stories?

Maxwell 183 1 was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in June. His father is a knowledgeable lawyer, but he is keen on technology and architectural design, which has a great influence on Maxwell's life. At the age of 8, Maxwell's mother died of tuberculosis, and the burden of family fell on his father. The loss of his mother in his early years made Maxwell withdrawn and introverted. /kloc-at the age of 0/6, Maxwell graduated from middle school and entered the University of Edinburgh, the highest institution in Scotland, specializing in mathematics and physics. /kloc-entered Cambridge University at the age of 0/9 and became a graduate student of Hopkins. 1854 graduated and stayed on as a teacher. Later, due to his father's illness, he became a professor of natural philosophy at Marisa Eyre College in Scotland. 187 1 was hired to build the Cavendish laboratory of Cambridge University and served as the first director.

What are the stories in Andersen's fairy tales?

1, daughter of Hai:

The little mermaid wants to be with the prince in the land she loves. With her beautiful voice and life span of 300 years, she got the witch's medicinal liquor, so she had a pair of beautiful feet, and every step was as painful as walking on broken glass. Seeing the prince marry someone else, she would rather sacrifice her life than bless the prince.

2. Nightingale:

The nightingale's beautiful singing won the praise of the wise men all over the world, and also won the tears of Emperor China. When the emperor was dying, the nightingale came to sing for him again. After the angel of the king of hell shed tears, the emperor's life continued.

3. Bottleneck:

Ordinary people bought a bottle of champagne that they always dreamed of going to the palace wine cellar, crossed the ocean, rose to the sky, filled with medicinal liquor and seeds, and finally broke the bottleneck, but in the end they were all very happy. But because it finally realized that everything around it was the most important thing for it.

4. Gardener and master:

Larsson is a loyal and talented gardener. He has taken care of his master's garden all his life. However, his master turned a blind eye to his excellent gardening work and kept complaining. After the storm. The host finally recognized Larson's loyalty and wisdom.

5. "What Dad does is always right":

The concept of happiness varies from person to person. But among those who share the same view on happiness, living together is very happy. Dad's good horse and cow once again traded a goose, a goose chicken and the last chicken for a bag of apples. His wife had to kiss him as a father and bet him that his wife would be angry and lose two gentlemen before she realized that they were really happy. This view has changed.

Brief introduction of Maxwell's deeds. What did he do?

Max Chavey was a great physicist and mathematician in19th century. 183113 was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was very clever since he was a child, and his father was a knowledgeable lawyer, which made Maxwell get a good education since he was a child. /kloc-entered Edinburgh middle school at the age of 0/0. /kloc-at the age of 0/4, he published a paper on the drawing of conic curves in the Journal of Edinburgh Royal Society, which has shown his outstanding talent. 65438-0847 entered the University of Edinburgh to study mathematics and physics. 1850 transferred to the Department of Mathematics, Trinity College, Cambridge University. 1854 won the Smith Scholarship with the second place and stayed in school for two years after graduation. From 65438 to 0856, he was a professor of natural philosophy at Marisa, Aberdeen, Scotland. 1860 Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy, King's College London. 186 1 was elected as a member of the Royal Society of London. 1in the spring of 865, he resigned from his teaching post and went back to his hometown to systematically summarize his research achievements in electromagnetism, and completed the classic masterpiece of electromagnetic field theory "On Electricity and Magnetism", which was published in 187 1. He was hired as a newly established professor of experimental physics in Cavendish, Cambridge University, and was responsible for the preparation of the famous Cavendish laboratory 65438+.