1. How to unify economic interests and national defense interests has become very prominent.
Market economy is an economy driven by interests. Under the condition of market economy, the law of value plays a decisive role. Under the decision and guidance of the law of value, market participants will inevitably pursue as many economic benefits as possible, create as many outputs as possible with less input, and strive to obtain their own profits beyond the average profit. This internal motivation is extremely beneficial to the development of socialist economy. However, the market economy itself has its own weaknesses, one of which is that the market cannot spontaneously achieve the unity of economic and social benefits.
This problem is particularly prominent in the field of national defense construction. For example, military production has changed the over-unified simple planning system in the past, and military enterprises have gone to the market, which of course has brought vitality to the national defense economy. However, because the economic interests of enterprises are not completely consistent with the national defense interests required by military production in many cases, the production profits of some military products are low. Driven by the market, many military enterprises lack enthusiasm for military production, and the phenomenon of putting the cart before the horse has appeared.
Another example is that some major national defense scientific research projects need to concentrate the scientific research and technical strength of the whole country and work together to tackle key problems. In the past, under the planned economy system, we relied on "a national chess game" to tackle key problems and fight big battles. We have equipment and technology, regardless of cost and conditions.
Under the condition of market economy, the micro-foundation of national defense economy has changed greatly. Due to the diversification of stakeholders, a large number of scientific research units and military enterprises have gradually transformed into independent market entities, and there are many interests that need to be coordinated in cooperation. Due to the sense of competition between the same industry, enterprises may also block each other technically.
For another example, in order to consolidate national defense and ensure the security of the country and the nation, we must integrate national defense awareness into all our construction undertakings. In all major projects, we should consider the needs of national defense as a whole, strive to achieve the unity of economic benefits and national defense benefits, and realize the combination of peacetime and wartime and dual use of military and civilian. In this way, it is necessary to increase some investment in project construction.
Due to economic reasons, many regions, departments and enterprises often attach importance to immediate and local interests, which makes some completed projects and projects under construction unable to play their due national defense effectiveness and even leave major hidden dangers. Some units and individuals even forget their own interests and destroy and occupy important national defense facilities.
All these phenomena should be paid attention to. 2. The strengthening of the concept of material interests has impacted the dedication required for national defense construction.
Under the condition of market economy, people's concept of material interests has been greatly enhanced, and material interests have become the most dominant factor affecting people's thinking and behavior. Although this is reasonable and positive and reflects social progress, its influence on people's selfless dedication is inevitable.
National defense construction is a cause that benefits the motherland and the people, and it is a cause that needs dedication most. In particular, the army, as the main body of national defense forces, takes selfless dedication to the motherland and the people as its main professional feature. Soldiers usually have to defend their country and the frontier in a difficult environment, and they have to fight in the battle of blood and fire in wartime. They need to make all kinds of sacrifices and pay all kinds of prices, many of which are unimaginable and cannot be measured by money.
However, under the existing conditions in China, the economic benefits of military personnel are relatively low, and there are various hidden concerns. The imbalance between the rewards paid and received by soldiers has formed a more obvious "contrast" with some high-income people in society, which has weakened the attraction of military camps to young people, especially outstanding talents, and failed to attract and retain the best talents; Young people's enthusiasm for joining the army has declined, and the quality of soldiers has declined; Army cadres and soldiers are uneasy, change their minds and so on.
3. National defense mobilization and reserve force construction are facing many new situations. National defense mobilization includes the mobilization of armed forces and personnel serving the war, economic and technical mobilization, political mobilization and so on. , involving all aspects of the country and national defense construction. The key is to form a rapid and efficient mobilization system suitable for the national social system and national conditions.
The national defense mobilization system is a system established by the state to realize the transformation from peacetime to wartime and transform the war potential into the ability to cope with and win wars as soon as possible. Including various measures and means adopted by all walks of life, industries and links, as well as institutional setup, authority division, planning regulations, laws and regulations, etc. In the past, China's national defense mobilization system was linked with the planned economy system, and the way of national defense mobilization was purely administrative orders, which did not fully adapt to the new historical conditions.
Under the condition of market economy, the economic structure and the whole social organization have undergone profound changes, and the stakeholders tend to be diversified. Whether it is the expansion of the armed forces, the conversion of civilian products, the requisition of transportation forces, the organization of civil air defense, or the mobilization of other financial and material resources, etc. Compared with the past, they have completely different characteristics, and we must explore and strive to form a new set of fast and effective mobilization forms and procedures. There is no doubt that national defense mobilization, as an extraordinary behavior of national peacetime and wartime transformation, is bound to have mandatory and irresistible authority.
However, on the premise of the supremacy of national interests, we should also take into account the interests of different stakeholders and coordinate various interest relationships. Only in this way can we mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties and unite powerful forces to win the war.
It is necessary to clearly define the rights and obligations of stakeholders and individuals through laws and regulations. Connecting with the situation in the field of national defense mobilization, under the condition of market economy, the construction of national defense reserve forces is also facing many new problems due to the change of microeconomic foundation, the change of people's value orientation and the increase of personnel mobility.
It is difficult to raise funds, concentrate personnel and carry out activities in the construction of national defense reserve forces. In some local militia training, there is even a phenomenon of "don't call, don't want money, don't have enough money". All these need to be combined with the new situation and explore new ways to solve them.
4. The new social environment has a certain negative impact on the ideological and political construction and management of the army. In today's world, various ideas and cultures are stirring with each other.
Opening to the outside world, the window opened, the fresh wind of modern civilization blew head-on, and the bourgeoisie became corrupt.
Why should college students strengthen national defense education and their understanding of contemporary China's national defense?
When it comes to why college students should strengthen national defense education, we must first recognize what kind of identity college students are.
College students are the key talents needed in the future high-tech war, mainly including command talents, information network management talents and high-level scientific and technological talents. Therefore, college students play a leading role in the future of the country.
Moreover, national defense is the product of the development and security needs of human society, and it is a fundamental plan related to the life and death of the country and the nation, the rise and fall of honor and disgrace. Building a solid national defense is the strategic task of China's modernization and an important guarantee for safeguarding national security and unity and building a well-off society in an all-round way.
As a member of the Chinese nation, especially contemporary college students, it is our unshirkable responsibility to pay attention to, build and defend national defense. We are also aware of the fact that after the end of the Cold War, the smoke and guns are still there, and the motherland has encountered obstacles on the issue of reunification.
Faced with such a grim reality, we must be prepared, and this kind of preparation is to strengthen national defense education, popularize military knowledge, master basic military skills, and prepare for war. However, it is undeniable that negative thoughts such as "I don't listen to what's going on in the world, only read sage books" and "military affairs, state affairs, what's going on in the world, it's none of my business" still have a certain market in colleges and universities. Many college students lack basic knowledge of national defense, and they don't know enough about the national security situation and national defense policies, which affects the backbone role of college students in the construction of national defense reserve forces to some extent.
Therefore, it is not only an important content in the process of building a strong national defense, but also an objective need to cultivate cross-century talents to do a good job in national defense education in colleges and universities and enhance college students' national defense awareness. At the same time, it is also the need of the development and change of the world situation, and it is also conducive to enhancing college students' patriotism and sense of national hardship.
We understand why college students should strengthen national defense education, but what is the national defense in contemporary China? National defense is accompanied by the emergence of class and the formation of the country. National defense provides security for the country and the nation and serves its interests. It is a prerequisite for national independence and an important condition for national prosperity and development.
Modern national defense is the inheritance and development of traditional national defense, and one of the important conditions for a country's sustainable development is national defense. National defense is a military activity carried out by a country to guard against and resist aggression, stop armed subversion and defend national unity, territorial integrity and security. The main tasks of national defense are political, economic and territorial integrity related to the military, and preventing foreign aggression and subversion.
China is a socialist country and has always pursued the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence in its foreign relations. The national policy of China's political system determines that we take self-defense and national defense.
China publicly promised the world that it would never seek hegemony, become a superpower, not be the first to threaten to use nuclear weapons, not to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon countries and regions, and not to invade other countries. The fundamental purpose of national defense is to oppose aggression, safeguard world peace and safeguard national security and development.
In the use of national defense forces, adhere to the position of self-care and implement the strategic policy of active defense.
Talk about your understanding of citizens' obligation to receive national defense education.
First of all, it is conducive to enhancing the national defense concept of the whole people and building and consolidating national defense.
Looking back on the 20th century, mankind has created unprecedented material and spiritual wealth. At the same time, it has experienced two world wars, hundreds of local wars and the cold war for nearly half a century, suffering from the disasters and threats of war. In the first 50 years of the 20th century, China was unprepared, backward and beaten, mountains and rivers were broken, and people were in dire straits.
The people of China have gone through many hardships and fought bravely for national independence, national liberation, democracy and freedom, and finally put the country on the road of prosperity, democracy and civilization. In the new century, China faces both rare development opportunities and severe challenges.
When we seize the historical opportunity and concentrate on modernization, we must be soberly aware that although the current world situation tends to ease on the whole, the world is still far from peaceful, the international power balance is seriously unbalanced, hegemonism and power politics still exist and have new developments in the international political, economic and security fields, military interventionism is on the rise, and the negative and uncertain factors affecting the security of the Asia-Pacific region cannot be ignored. In this regard, we must not relax our vigilance.
The most important task of armament is to strengthen the heart first. Only by rallying people's hearts and boosting morale can we lay the foundation for victory.
In order to ensure the long-term stability of the country, we should not only have strong national defense strength, but also enhance the sense of hardship and national defense of the whole nation. Our party and country have always attached importance to national defense education for all.
The reports of the 13th, 14th and 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China all emphasized the need to strengthen national defense education and enhance the national defense concept of the whole people. The Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development approved by the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress on March 15 this year also clearly stated that it is necessary to "carry out national defense education in depth and raise the national defense awareness of the whole people".
The promulgation and implementation of the National Defense Education Law provides a reliable legal guarantee for conscientiously implementing the Party's national defense education principles and policies and promoting the in-depth and sustained development of national defense education. Second, it is conducive to improving the quality of the whole people and promoting the coordinated development of national defense and economic construction.
Facing the 2 1 century, we must adhere to the theme of development, unswervingly focus on economic construction, strive to realize the "four modernizations" and complete the historical mission of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. To achieve this grand goal, we must vigorously improve the basic quality of the whole people.
National defense education is an important form of education to improve citizens' quality, which runs through politics, economy, military affairs, science and technology, culture and other education. Its core is patriotism, revolutionary heroism and dedication. Its fundamental purpose is to strengthen the will, skills and physique of all citizens to love, build and defend the motherland, and firmly establish the idea of "preparing for danger in times of peace" and "jointly resisting foreign aggression". Popularizing and strengthening national defense education can stimulate people's patriotism and ambition to serve the country, and consciously put the interests of the party, the country and the nation first, thus generating national centripetal force and cohesion with national interests above all else.
This great spiritual strength can be transformed into powerful combat effectiveness militarily and huge productivity economically. The promulgation and implementation of the national defense education law has created the necessary legal conditions for improving the quality of the whole nation, promoting the coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction, and finally realizing the "four modernizations".
Third, it is conducive to the implementation of the National Defense Law and the Education Law, and ensures that the national defense education of the whole people is carried out according to law. The national defense law and the education law are the basic laws in the field of national defense and education respectively.
The National Defense Law has a special chapter on the principles and guidelines of national defense education. The general provisions of the Education Law clearly require that "the state shall educate the educated in patriotism, collectivism and socialism, and educate them in ideals, morality, discipline, legal system, national defense and national unity". The promulgation and implementation of the National Defense Education Law has fulfilled the principle requirements of the National Defense Law and the Education Law on national defense education, and made all aspects and links of national defense education have clear legal norms to follow and increased operability.
What is the significance and important content of studying national defense education?
Strengthening national defense education is the need to implement the important thought of "* * *", actively adapt to the new situation of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and make good preparations for military struggle.
National defense education in schools is an important part of national defense education for the whole people and an effective form to strengthen students' quality education and ideological and moral education. Students are the future of the motherland, the pioneers of advanced productive forces in the future, the inheritors of advanced culture, the defenders of the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people and the creators and successors of the new century.
National defense education for students is the basis of national defense education for the whole people, and it is also an important content of implementing quality education. Persistent and in-depth development of national defense education is an effective way to educate students in patriotism, socialism and collectivism, which is of great significance to improving students' national defense awareness, inspiring national spirit, stimulating patriotic enthusiasm and enhancing national responsibility.
On the significance of national defense education for college students in combination with reality.
National defense education is a life-and-death project, an important measure of national defense construction, an important part of socialist spiritual civilization, and a project that the party and the state attach great importance to.
Through national defense education, college students' national defense concept can be enhanced, so that they can master more national defense knowledge, carry forward the spirit of patriotism and consciously fulfill their national defense obligations, which is conducive to enhancing college students' national cohesion and centripetal force, improving their physical and mental quality and scientific and cultural quality, cultivating national defense reserve talents and promoting national defense modernization. With the help of the soul of national defense education, it is helpful to overcome the looseness of college students' national spirit, the strictness of national defense education, the looseness of college students' discipline, the deepening of national defense education strategy, the shallowness of college students' ideological strength, the perfection of national defense education skills, the lack of innovation ability and the beauty of military camp culture, and the vulgarity of college students' aesthetic ability.
National defense education refers to the people's national defense education, which is a fundamental and overall event and an important part of the socialist spiritual civilization construction and the national ideological education system. Strengthening youth national defense education is an unshirkable historical mission of educators and a sacred task that history teachers must shoulder.
History teaching is closely related to national defense education. This is not only because their contents and purposes are basically similar, but also because history teaching has unique advantages in national defense education.
National defense education is an important content of history teaching, and history teaching is an important channel and means of national defense education. National defense is a complex, which refers to the military and military-related political, economic and cultural construction and struggle to defend the country, territorial integrity and security and resist foreign aggression and subversion.
National defense is a common phenomenon in human society, which is accompanied by the emergence of the country. Since the emergence of countries in human society, there have been national defense, military system, national defense consciousness and national defense system.
In a sense, the history of human civilization is also an invincible and thrilling national defense history. Therefore, the history of national defense is not only closely related to the political history, economic history and cultural history of human society, but also an important part of the history of human civilization.
At the same time, the unique characteristics of history teaching, such as concrete content, vivid image, strong story and appeal, the integration of knowledge education and ideological education, the consistency of views and materials, and the unity of emotional training and method guidance, determine that history teaching has incomparable advantages in national defense education. Effective national defense education in history teaching will not only help students to fully grasp the basic knowledge of history, stimulate their interest and initiative in learning history, and cultivate some excellent psychological qualities of students, but also enable students to be prepared for danger in times of peace, keep a clear political mind, adhere to the correct political direction, obviously enhance their awareness of national defense, national security and hardship, and improve their sense of patriotism, home protection and founding the country.
Therefore, we should have a high sense of historical mission and political responsibility.
Why should college students strengthen national defense education and their understanding of contemporary China's national defense?
In the new era, patriotism education is particularly important. College students in the new era should have a comprehensive understanding of national defense knowledge, and strengthening national defense awareness and education is the basis for building and consolidating national defense.
National defense education is an invincible national defense force with patriotism as its spiritual pillar. The main function of national defense education is to officially inspire citizens' patriotism as hot pillow. Find a solid foundation for national defense construction. National defense education is an important part of socialist spiritual civilization construction. Fundamentally speaking, national defense education and socialist spiritual civilization construction are aimed at improving the quality of China citizens, cultivating qualified talents and inspiring the people of the whole country to build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic and civilized socialist modern country.
For college students now, they should have a good understanding of national defense education. China is an ancient country with a history of 5,000 years, and national defense education has a fine tradition. In recent years, with the expansion of colleges and universities and the changes in the situation at home and abroad, colleges and universities have encountered a lot in the process of carrying out national defense education. In the new era, patriotism education is particularly important. College students in the new era should have a comprehensive understanding of national defense knowledge, and strengthening national defense awareness and education is the basis for building and consolidating national defense.
National defense education is an invincible national defense force with patriotism as its spiritual pillar. The main function of national defense education is to officially inspire citizens' patriotism as hot pillow. Find a solid foundation for national defense construction. National defense education is an important part of socialist spiritual civilization construction. Fundamentally speaking, national defense education and socialist spiritual civilization construction are aimed at improving the quality of China citizens, cultivating qualified talents and inspiring the people of the whole country to build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic and civilized socialist modern country.
For college students now, they should have a good understanding of national defense education. China is an ancient country with a history of 5,000 years, and national defense education has a fine tradition. In recent years, with the expansion of the scale of colleges and universities and the changes in the situation at home and abroad, colleges and universities have encountered many new situations and problems in the process of carrying out national defense education. In particular, the lack of national defense moral emotion of some college students is increasingly prominent, which makes national defense education in colleges and universities face more choices and take the initiative to meet challenges. It is very important and urgent to actively study the problems existing in college students' national defense education. For a qualified and excellent college student, national defense education is essential, which can condense the basic content of national defense moral education for college students, that is, the education of loving national self-esteem and self-confidence and being prepared for danger in times of peace. It can also strengthen the four basic principles put forward by college students' national defense moral education: first, the principle of combining ideology with interest and the principle of combining with practice; Second, the principle of combining reality with advancement; Third, the relaxation principle of combining consciousness with compulsion; Fourth, the principle of internal and external complementarity combining national internationality!