Xiang Yu and Liu Bang are two leading figures in the battle between Chu and Han in the history of China. Xiang Yu is an irresistible 27-year-old overlord, and Liu Bang is an old man in his fifties. After Xiang Yu became a famous soldier, Liu Bang was an unknown peasant son. Xiang Yu received strict general training, Liu Bang himself was not a general, and there were many rabble assembled. After Xiang Yu ruled the world, the momentum was in full swing, and Liu Bangcai sealed Hanwang, which was remote and dangerous. However, the wheel of history has undergone a dramatic reversal: Xiang Yu committed suicide at the age of 32 and lost everything; Liu Bang inherited the unified pattern of Qin Shihuang, unified the whole country and created the Han Dynasty which lasted for 400 years. How did this historical confrontation, known as the battle of lions and wolves, come into being? Why did it become a classic lesson for future generations to review repeatedly?

Second, their common feature is to be aggressive and turn the crisis into a turning point.

Their common characteristics are: great courage to dream big dreams, bold behavior that doesn't care about secular evaluation, extraordinary endurance, and the ability to turn crises into opportunities. But why are their experiences so different?

Xiang Yu-he lacks patience, but he has strong self-confidence and is proactive.

Liu Bang-likes to brag, but he is generous and good at making friends.

Xiang Yu's failure was the result of over-reliance on the military. He was born in a noble family and rose in the turmoil of the Qin Dynasty. He has the military talent to fight like a god. In just three years, he led the five-nation allied forces to invade Xianyang and Qin Dou, put an end to the Daqin Empire, and became emperor in the name of overlord. With his natural military talent and strict military training, he gradually made amazing achievements from the age of 27. He has insight in fighting, dares to take risks, and is good at rallying the hearts of foot soldiers with strong spiritual strength to form a strong force. He is considered to be the next person to control the world after Qin Shihuang. However, after several years of confrontation with Liu Bang, who was twice as old and had a bumpy birth, he was defeated on all sides in the "hegemony between Chu and Han". Although he is good at fighting, his political strategy is not as good as that of the wily Liu Bang. After the Qin Dynasty was destroyed, a series of unwise actions, such as disturbing the people, burning the palace, sealing the king and killing the righteous emperor, triggered four public grievances and rebellions of the king, and finally made Liu Bang, who was good at buying people's hearts, full-fledged and set an unbreakable trap, thinking that he was short-lived and failed. However, the total loss has been greatly reversed. ...

Liu bang's genius lies in knowing people and being kind, and he would rather fight for wisdom than strength. This is why Liu Bang can stand out in the turbulent and complicated times.

Third, the reasons for Xiang Yu's failure

First, lack of strategy and vision, not politicians.

Reading Sima Qian's Historical Records, I know that Xiang Yu is a hero. Natural divine power, "Wuzhong children are afraid of it." His ambition is lofty and lofty. He kept his word because he promised Xiang Bo to "satisfy" Liu Bang's suggestion. Regardless of his father's "three who show", he let Liu bang get off the net at the Hongmen banquet. After the defeat of Wujiang, he refused to board the lifeboat of Wujiang Tingchang. Facing the jungle behind him, he smiled at death and was very brave. The hero Xiang Yu finally committed suicide and died ... A sad song rang out in his ear: "When you pull out the mountain, you are angry with the world, and when it is unfavorable, you will not die." "If we don't fold, what can we do? What can I do if I am worried? " Xiang Yu attributed his failure to bad luck until his death. However, is it really just bad luck?

Some people say that Xiang Yu's biggest mistake was that he didn't listen to his adviser Fan Zeng at the Hongmen banquet, and even set the tiger free, which led to the final failure. This failure shows that Xiang Yu is a person who can't see the direction clearly politically, can't recognize the truth and falsehood, and can't use his quick wits. How does he lead everyone to success?

Second, Xiang Yu's character has extremely serious defects.

1, short-sighted, complacent, foolhardy and lacking in tolerance.

A close reading of the history books shows that there are extremely serious defects in Xiang Yu's character: short-sighted but empty-minded; Love vanity, there is no lack of self-satisfied small-scale peasant consciousness; Everything is brave first, wisdom is behind, cruelty is more than enough, and kindness is not enough; Lack of advice, magnanimous monarchy. This decided his life. He should be just an all-powerful general, but he has no emperor's mind. His real mistake is not whether he killed Liu Bang, but his weakness. Even if he killed Liu Bang at the Hongmen banquet, he would be defeated by Zhang Bang, Wang Bang and Li Bang in the future.

2. Cruelty is more than kindness; Lack of advice, magnanimous monarchy. Let's take a look at several small fragments in Historical Records:

Shinhan led the troops to defect. Xiang Yu was not good at supervising surrender, but turned it into his own use. On the contrary, "more than 200,000 soldiers were attacked at night", fearing that they would refuse to surrender.

When Xinfeng Hongmen heard that Liu Bang was going to be king in Guanzhong, Xiang Yu was furious and wanted to crush Liu Bang10,000,000 troops with 400,000 troops. Liu Bang was afraid that he would woo Xiang Bo, the father of Xiang Yu's Jishi family. He bowed in praise of Wang Xiang. Xiang Yu was obviously complacent and quite proud, so he listened to Xiang Bo and "met" Liu Bang. This is the eternal regret that Fan Zeng "counted the kings" and "the kings were silent" at the Hongmen banquet.

After entering the customs. Xiang Yu "marched west to slaughter Xianyang, killed Qin, and burned Qin Gong. The fire will not go out in March, and the woman will take the goods to the east. " Let the Qin people down.

Eliminate Qin. Someone advised Xiang Yu: "Guanzhong is separated by mountains and rivers, and the land is rich and fertile, but it can unify the world." Xiang Yu turned his heart to the East and said, "If a man is rich and doesn't return to his hometown, it's like dressing up at night. Who knows? " Seeing that Xiang Yu was so short-sighted and disheartened, the admonisher said, "People say that Chu people' bathe monkeys and crown their ears', and it really happened." Xiang Yu was furious when he heard that, "said the cook.

In the winter of the second year of Han Dynasty. Due to improper sealing, Tian Rong rebelled. After Xiang Yu's rebellion, "Tian Rong, who was trapped in the pit, swore to surrender to the death, was captured by his old, weak women and children, and went to Beihai together, and most of them were destroyed."

There is no need to enumerate such examples.

Xiang Yu's character weakness runs through his life, and he seems to have no intention of changing, which is fatal to a hero with great ambitions and ideals. His growth process is only a brave growth history, but he ignores the pursuit and shaping of higher-level personality. His failure is inevitable, but he is just a strong soldier.

Fourth, the reason why Liu Bang won:

First, follow the example of celebrities, constantly improve and perfect themselves, and strive to pursue the height of life, which is the most important reason why Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu.

1, good at calculation, good at attracting others for their own use.

Please look at Liu Bang. He was born cunning, slick and boastful, much like a hooligan. His background is extremely ordinary, and his name is unknown to the world, which is related to Xiang Yu's status as a descendant of a famous star. In the eyes of people who have always attached importance to the aura and background, Liu Bang seemed dim, which made Liu Bang fall into a subordinate position when he first started fighting. But Liu Bang has his own way. Cunning and smooth is not a leader's temperament, but Pei Gong is good at constantly improving himself. He compared himself to the "new Ling Jun", thus setting himself a high level in life. He often unconsciously imitates Xin's way of life and behavior, adding rationality and ingenuity to his character and making his life a life of continuous improvement. Therefore, he is respected by the villagers.

Liu Bang learned a lot from Xin Lingjun. For example, he learned how to gain strength by weaving nets. According to the present statement, he is good at speculating people's psychology according to the situation, lubricating interpersonal relationships, having strong cohesion, and being able to attract others for their own use.

According to historical records, after Liu Bangxian entered the customs, Xiang Yu heard the news and wanted to attack it. At that time, Liu Bang thought, with 100,000 troops defeated by 40,000 troops of Xiang Yu, he was eager to win over Xiang Bo, the father of Xiang Yu in the current season, and respectfully "served as a brother" and "celebrated his birthday with wine" and married him. Xiang Bo urged Xiang Yu to "meet" Liu Bang, and drew his sword and danced with Xiang Zhuang at the Hongmen banquet, "often covering himself with wings", which made Fan Zeng's plan to kill "the country" a complete failure!

On the surface, Liu Bang doesn't seem to have any special talents, but his subordinates are brilliant. Xiao He, Han Xin and Chen Ping are all loyal to their work. Even Sean, who thinks highly of himself, admires people and says, "This is almost a gift from heaven." As a "prodigal son" from a civilian background, it is impossible to unite a large number of talented counselors and generals to work for it.

Second, tolerance, kindness and generosity.

Contrary to Xiang Yu's "ruin", Liu Bang is more measured. The elders of Chu praised him and said, "Pei Gong is also an elder." According to historical records, in the early ten years of Han Dynasty, Pei Gongbing was the first master. Zi Ying, the king of Qin, rode on a white horse, tied his neck to form a ball, sealed the emperor Jeff, and set off. The generals still defeated the king of Qin with words. Pei Gong said, "At first, I was sent by the king to be tolerant, but people have come down and killed me, which is an ominous sign." So the king of Qin became an official and went west to Xianyang.

After Xiang Yu's defeat, Liu Bang buried Xiang Yu's lonely city with him. "Hanwang cried and went away." Hanwang did not punish all the branches of Xiangzi. "

Third, when it's calm, I like to defeat the enemy without fighting.

Chu and Han have been at loggerheads for a long time. Xiang Yu once said to Liu Bang, "People of several years old in the world are willing to challenge Hanwang." Hanwang thanked him with a smile and said, "I would rather fight with wisdom than strength." Liu bang naturally won't do such a stupid thing.

When attacking Wancheng, in order to avoid the disadvantages of storming and damaging soldiers, Liu Bang listened to Chen Hui's suggestion, and Xu Yuan was appointed as Yin Hou (equivalent to now)

Fourth, in order to realize the great plan, we should have patience and self-denial.

After Liu Bang entered the customs, he remonstrated with Fan Kuai and sealed Qin's heavy property in the state treasury without taking a penny. And publicly announced: "My father has been tortured by harsh laws for a long time ..... I am not afraid of hurting my father!" At the same time, send people to all counties and villages to publicize. The Qin people were overjoyed and offered cattle, sheep and wine to entertain the sergeant. Pei Gong refused, saying, "There is a lot of corn in the warehouse, so I don't want to waste people." In this way, the Qin people are even happier, lest Pei Gong should not be king. The clever Fan Zeng saw this clearly: "When Pei Gong lived in Shandong, he was greedy for money, so he loved Maggie. Now he's in the customs. He didn't bring anything. The woman is lucky. This ambition is not small. " Liu bang's nature is also greedy for money and lust, but in order to achieve his goal, he became very restrained. This is in stark contrast to Xiang Yu's "daughter who gathers her wealth and goods" after each siege and siege.

"Big banks don't care about details and don't hesitate to give small gifts." In order to achieve great things, Liu Bang can often endure considerable pain and make amazing moves. When Chu and Han confronted Xingyang, Xiang Yu wanted to cook Liu Bang's father and forced him to retreat. Liu bang actually said: we are already brothers, and my father is your father. If you want to cook your father, "you will be lucky to share a part of it." Xiang Yu was so angry that he threatened to bankrupt the plan.

To sum up, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang in the hegemony have the same ambition to unify the whole country, and Xiang Yu's talent is also better than Liu Bang's. It's a pity that he doesn't pay attention to self-management, and he is always angry and unrestrained. This is the taboo of success. On the contrary, Liu Bang was mediocre at first, but he was good at perfecting himself in the process of pursuing his goals, demanding himself with high standards, cultivating excellent qualities and restraining undesirable elements in his nature. His success is not accidental and worth understanding.

Life is alive, who has no ideal? Who doesn't want to be an excellent person? Who doesn't want to succeed We might as well take Xiang Yu as a mirror, learn from Liu Bang and explore the way to success in life.