1. At the national level, we should pay attention to prevention and improve the environment through legislation.
President Nixon of the United States promulgated the cancer bill on 197 1 and began to invest a lot of money in cancer prevention and treatment research. Thirty years later, it paid off: cancer incidence and mortality in the United States began to decline. Cancer prevention can only be achieved with the strong participation of the people and the government of the whole country. It is necessary to take some compulsory measures to protect the environment and strictly manage food safety and hygiene.
2. Pay attention to national health education
Different educational methods are adopted for people of different ages. Attach importance to children health education. For example, in primary schools, children should be educated to pay attention to healthy living and enhance their physical fitness; Developing the course of "Healthy Living-Cancer Prevention and Control" in middle schools. In high school, you should lead an honest and clean life and tell them that abnormal sexual behavior will spread human papillomavirus, AIDS and other serious diseases. Adult cancer prevention education includes cancer risk factors, specific prevention methods and regular physical examination for early diagnosis.
give up smoking
Smoking or using tobacco in any way can cause cancer, and 90% of lung cancer is caused by tobacco. Smoking indirectly leads to oral cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, renal cancer and bladder cancer. Quitting smoking is the simplest, lowest cost and most effective way to reduce the risk of cancer.
take precautions against infection
Cervical cancer, liver cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lymphoma and gastric cancer are all related to infection factors. Hepatitis B virus, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, living a clean life, avoiding multiple sexual partners and staying away from drugs can prevent HBV, HPV and HIV infection. The practice of sharing meals helps to prevent HP infection. Avoiding unnecessary blood transfusion and using blood products can reduce the risk of virus infection.
5. Maintain a reasonable weight and waist circumference
The healthy range of Asian body mass index (BMI) is 18.5 ~ 22.9. The waist circumference of women should be less than 80cm and that of men should be less than 90cm.
6. The scientific movement
Any kind of exercise helps to reduce the risk of cancer, and exercise should be added to daily life. Exercise helps to prevent colorectal cancer, breast cancer and endometrial cancer.
7. A reasonable diet
Choose healthy foods and drinks instead of foods high in fat, sugar and calories, eat more different kinds of vegetables and fruits, whole grains and beans, reduce the intake of red meat (beef, pork and mutton), avoid eating processed meat and limit the intake of high-salt foods.
8. Limit alcohol consumption
In order to prevent tumors, try not to drink alcohol. If you drink alcohol, you should limit the amount you drink every day. Men should not drink more than 2 cups a day, and women should not drink more than 1 cup.
9. Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding helps mothers prevent breast cancer.
10. Balance mentality and mental health
Mental health is a good medicine to overcome diseases, and a bad mood may be the driving force of cancer.
1 1. Regular physical examination.
Abnormal and cancer risk factors can be found through regular physical examination, and the risk of malignant tumor can be reduced through timely adjustment and treatment. On the other hand, regular physical examination can realize early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment, which belongs to secondary prevention.
12. Treatment of precancerous lesions
For example, colon polyps are precancerous lesions of colon cancer, and resection of colon polyps can achieve the purpose of preventing colon cancer. This may be the most important measure to reduce the incidence and the breakthrough point of research.