1, the knowledge of educational psychology is organized around the interactive process of learning and teaching. (analysis: the specific research category of educational psychology revolves around the interactive process of teaching and learning. )

2. In psychological research, the method of systematically manipulating the change of a variable under controlled conditions to study the change of the variable and its influence on other variables is the experimental method. (analysis: experimental method refers to the method of changing or controlling certain conditions according to the research purpose, thus causing changes in some psychological activities of subjects and revealing the relationship between certain conditions and such psychological activities)

3. The first monograph to establish the name and system of western educational psychology is Thorndike's Educational Psychology. (Analysis: 1903, American psychologist Thorndike published "Educational Psychology", which is the first book named after "Educational Psychology" in the West, laying the foundation for the development of educational psychology, and the name and system of western educational psychology were established, so Thorndike was called "the father of educational psychology". )

4. The following are the characters corresponding to the works.

A. Thorndike-educational psychology, b Dewey-my educational creed, c, Russian ushinski-man is the object of education, d Freud-the analysis of dreams. (Analysis: 1868 Russian educator ushinski published the book "Man is the Object of Education", summarizing the development achievements of psychology at that time. Therefore, he is known as "the founder of Russian educational psychology". )

5. By analyzing children's paintings, diaries, works, etc. Understanding children's psychological characteristics is job analysis. (Analysis: product analysis, also known as job analysis, refers to understanding students' ability, inclination, skills, proficiency, emotional state and knowledge range by analyzing students' activity products.)

6. The task of educational psychology is to give scientific answers to the problems existing in the process of education and teaching by empirical research. (Analysis: omitted)

7. The research of educational psychology needs researchers to keep in mind that the psychology of subjects is constantly developing and changing, and should be measured by dynamic indicators. This follows the development principle of educational psychology research. (analysis: the stem describes the development principle of educational psychology research)

8. In the early 1960s, Bruner was a famous American psychologist, and he initiated the curriculum reform movement. (Analysis: In the early 1960s, the research of educational psychology shifted from behaviorism to cognitive category. Bruner's curriculum reform movement has prompted American educational psychology to turn to the discussion on the improvement of educational process, students' psychology, teaching materials, teaching methods and teaching means.

9, 1924, the first textbook of educational psychology in China was published by Liao Shicheng. (Analysis: 1924, the first textbook of educational psychology compiled by Liao Shicheng)

10 The idea of "the psychology of human education" was first put forward by Pestalozzi. (Swiss educator Pestalozzi first put forward the viewpoint of "psychology of education and teaching")

1 1, the perfect period of educational psychology is roughly after 80. (Analysis: After the 1980s, educational psychology paid more and more attention to the combination with teaching practice, various theoretical factions absorbed each other, and the system became more and more perfect. )

12, American psychologist Watson, in order to study children's fear, knocked at the door loudly when children stroked the white rabbit. As a result, the child is not only afraid of the white rabbit, but also of other white things. This behavior violates the educational principles studied by educational psychology. (Analysis: Educational principle means that the research means and methods adopted in the research process of educational psychology should promote the healthy development of subjects' psychology, which is a basic ethical principle that all psychological research on people should follow)

13, according to the facts provided by educational practice and the procedures of scientific research, analyze and summarize educational phenomena, reveal their internal relations and laws, and upgrade them to educational research methods of educational theory. (analysis: the title describes the concept of educational experience summary method)

14, the core content of educational psychology research is learning process. (Analysis: Learning process is the core content of educational psychology research, such as the nature, conditions, motivation, transfer and characteristics of different kinds of learning. )

15, in the view of educational psychology, teaching environment is not only the main category of classroom management research, but also an important content that can not be ignored in the study of learning process and teaching design (analysis: omitted)

16. The systematic principle of educational psychology refers to observing, analyzing and solving problems with a comprehensive, developing and holistic view in the research of educational psychology. (analysis: the stem describes the systematic principle of educational psychology research)

17, the method of indirectly understanding the psychological activities of the subjects by collecting all kinds of relevant information is the investigation method. (analysis: investigation is a research method to indirectly understand the psychological activities of the respondents through various channels)

Second, multiple-choice questions (all correct answers)

1, the function of educational psychology is as follows: a to help teachers understand the problem accurately; Provide scientific theoretical guidance for practical teaching; Help teachers predict and interfere with students; Help teachers carry out educational research in combination with actual teaching. (Analysis: The role of educational psychology is: (1) to help teachers accurately understand problems, (2) to provide scientific theoretical guidance for practical teaching, (3) to help teachers predict and interfere with students, and (4) to help teachers conduct educational research in combination with practical teaching)

2. The following statement about the development process of educational psychology is correct. A first put forward the idea of "psychology of education and teaching", which was in the initial stage, while B. Bruner's curriculum reform movement took place in the mature stage. C, computer-assisted instruction has reached the mature stage, D, cooperative research is the result of the perfect stage, E, reflective research is the result of the perfect stage. (Analysis omitted)

3, the basic principles of educational psychology research are: a objectivity principle, b, moral principle (educational principle), c, developmental principle, d, theory with practice principle (practical principle), e, systematic principle,

4. Educational psychology has effects on educational practice: A description, B explanation, C prediction and D control. (Educational psychology has functions of describing, explaining, predicting and controlling educational practice, and these functions are often intertwined.)

5, the social environment in the teaching environment, including: C, teacher-student relationship, D school spirit, E, social and cultural background. (analysis: the teaching environment includes two aspects: the physical environment and the social environment. The former involves classroom natural conditions (such as temperature and light), teaching facilities (such as desks and chairs, blackboards and projectors) and spatial layout (such as seating arrangement), while the latter involves classroom discipline, classroom scope, teacher-student relationship, classmate relationship, school spirit and social and cultural background. )

6. The interactive process between learning and teaching is a systematic process, which includes students, teachers, teaching content, teaching media and teaching environment. (analysis: the interaction between learning and teaching is a systematic process, including five elements: students, teachers, teaching content, teaching media and teaching environment)

7. Bruner's achievements in educational psychology are mainly manifested in A initiative research, B reflective research, C cooperative research and D social and cultural research. (Analysis: 1994, American psychologist Bruner summarized the achievements of educational psychology since 1980s, (1) initiative research, (2) reflective research, (3) cooperative research, (4) social and cultural research).

Third, fill in the blanks

1, educational psychology studies students' psychological phenomena in education and their development laws.

2. It is required to conduct in-depth and meticulous observation and research on individuals, collect relevant information and analyze their psychological characteristics, so as to find out the reasons that affect certain behaviors and psychological phenomena.

3. After the 1920s, western educational psychologists absorbed the results of children's psychology and psychological tests and greatly expanded their own contents.

4. Educational psychology has roughly experienced four periods: initial stage, development stage, maturity stage and perfection stage.

5. Experimental methods mainly include natural experimental methods and laboratory experimental methods.

6. The core of educational psychology is learning psychology.

7. Most of the works in the initial stage of educational psychology are based on the principles of general psychology to explain practical educational problems, mainly some information about learning.

4. True or False (all changed to correct)

1, the test method is a method to measure the psychological quality of the subjects by using special measuring tools. (analysis: test method refers to the method of measuring a certain psychological quality with a set of standardized questions (scales) in advance)

2. In the process of learning and teaching, the main information to be effectively transmitted is the teaching content. (Analysis: omitted)

3. The birth time of the psychology of science education was in the early 20th century. (Analysis: 1903, American psychologist Thorndike published the book Educational Psychology, which laid the foundation for the birth of scientific educational psychology, so the time was in the early 20th century).

4. Educational psychology can provide universal principles and suggestions for effective learning and teaching, but it cannot prescribe prescriptions for practical problems in specific situations. Educational psychology only provides principles, and teachers can turn the principles into specific teaching procedures or activities.

5. Educational psychology is an independent science with its own theories, research methods, problems and techniques. Educational psychology is not a simple application of general psychological principles in education, but has its own unique research topic.

6. Because the natural experiment is carried out under the actual situation of education, the result is more real. (Field experiment, also called natural experiment, is a method by which experimenters create or change certain conditions in natural situations to cause some psychological activities of students to change. This method can be carried out under the control and change of some conditions by the experimenter, and can maintain the natural conditions of normal activities during the experiment, so that students can eliminate tension and be in a natural state. So the results of natural experiments are more practical)

7. In the mature period, the content and system of western educational psychology have undergone some changes, and the content of educational psychology has become increasingly concentrated, and the discipline system of educational psychology has basically taken shape. The differences among behavioral school, cognitive school and humanistic school are narrowing day by day, and discipline research pays more and more attention to the guidance of school education practice.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) noun explanation.

1, the principle of objectivity: the principle of objectivity refers to the spirit of seeking truth from facts in the study of educational psychology, that is, to study the essence, laws and mechanisms of educational psychological phenomena according to their original features and adopt a realistic attitude.

2. Observation: Observation means that in the process of education, researchers investigate and describe the performance or behavior changes of individual psychological activities purposefully and systematically through the senses or with the help of certain scientific instruments, so as to collect relevant research data.

3. Initiative research: Initiative research refers to the research on how to make students actively participate in the process of teaching and learning and control their own psychological activities.

4. Product analysis: Product analysis, also known as activity product analysis and job analysis, refers to the analysis of students' activity products to understand students' abilities, tendencies, skills, proficiency, emotional state and knowledge.

Six, analysis questions

1, educational psychology only studies the group differences of students, not the individual differences.

(1) This statement is incorrect. (2) The specific research field of educational psychology is centered on the interactive process between learning and teaching, which is a systematic process, including five elements: students, teachers, teaching content, teaching media and teaching environment. Among them, students mainly influence the process of learning and teaching from two aspects: ① group differences, including age, gender and social and cultural differences; ② Individual differences, including previous knowledge base and learning methods. No matter what kind of difference, it affects the process of learning and teaching, and becomes the category to be studied by educational psychology.

2. The research objects and tasks of educational psychology and pedagogy are the same.

(1) This statement is incorrect. (2) Educational psychology and pedagogy both involve the field of education, but the research objects and tasks are different. Pedagogy studies general problems in education based on educational facts, aiming at exploring and revealing the laws of educational activities and serving educational practice. Educational psychology, on the other hand, mainly studies the psychological problems in the process of education and uses the existing psychological laws to guide education. For example, pedagogy studies teaching methods, focusing on the relationship between teaching methods and teaching effects, while educational psychology focuses on revealing the process of students' psychological changes under specific teaching methods.

3. The investigation method can indirectly understand the psychological activities of the respondents.

(1) This statement is correct. (2) Investigation is a research method to indirectly understand the psychological activities of the respondents through various channels. Generally speaking, the survey method is easy to implement, but in the process of investigation, the reliability of the survey results is often affected by the respondents' inaccurate memory and other reasons. In the research of educational psychology, the commonly used survey methods are questionnaire survey and interview. Questionnaires are a way to ask the subjects to answer the questions raised by researchers in writing, so as to obtain the psychological and behavioral performance data of the subjects, and interviews are a way to collect research data through oral conversations with the subjects or people related to the subjects.

Seven, short answer questions

1, briefly describe the connotation of developmental principle.

The principle of development means that the research of educational psychology requires researchers to keep in mind that the psychology of the subjects is constantly developing and changing, and should be measured by dynamic indicators. He also asked researchers to give full consideration to the influence of the subjects' existing knowledge, experience and attitude on their psychological development while playing their leading role.

2. Briefly describe the main research methods of educational psychology.

The research methods of educational psychology include experimental method, observation method, investigation method, case method, test method, educational experience summary method and product analysis method.

3. Briefly describe the relationship between educational psychology and general psychology.

(1). The relationship between educational psychology and general psychology is the relationship between individuality and generality. General psychology is the foundation of educational psychology, and educational psychology is the embodiment of the principles of general psychology in this specific field of education.

(2) differences. General psychology studies the psychological phenomena and development rules of ordinary people in daily life, while educational psychology aims at educating middle school students' psychological phenomena and development rules to guide education and teaching, thus improving the efficiency of education.

Eight. Thesis problem

1, connecting with practice, explains the role of educational psychology.

Educational psychology has the function of describing, explaining, predicting and controlling educational practice. Specifically, it includes the following aspects: (1) helping teachers to accurately understand problems, (2) providing scientific theoretical guidance for practical teaching, (3) helping teachers to predict and intervene students, and (4) helping teachers to conduct educational research in combination with practical teaching.

2. Some old teachers think that they have never studied educational psychology, and they are just as good in class. It doesn't matter whether they study educational psychology or not. Please talk about your views on this point.

This view is incorrect for the following reasons.

(1) Some old teachers have never studied educational psychology, but they can do a good job in teaching, which is the result of their long-term repeated practice. Old teachers constantly gain experience and lessons from teaching practice, which can be easily dealt with in future teaching. However, the process of summing up and reflecting on practical experience takes a long time, and the effect is slow. If all teachers work in this way, it will have an impact on teaching efficiency and quality.

(2) Educational psychology can play a great role in teachers' teaching. Educational psychology, as a science, is a science that studies the basic psychological laws of teaching and learning in educational and teaching situations. It mainly studies the psychological process of teacher-student interaction in education and teaching situation and the psychological phenomenon in the process of teaching and learning. In addition, educational psychology is also a practical and applied science, not a simple application of general psychological principles, nor a simple combination of psychological branches related to education. His research results can provide guidance for science teaching and promote school education practice.

(3) If teachers study educational psychology, it will greatly shorten the process of self-exploration, gain teaching experience quickly, enhance teaching ability, base teaching work on scientific theories, and learn corresponding theories will help solve the problems of how to teach and how to teach better. In a word, learning this course is helpful to improve teachers' level, teaching ability, role competence and mental health knowledge.

(4) For teachers who have never studied educational psychology before, the accumulation of their own experience and lessons can make up for the lack of theoretical knowledge of educational psychology. In the long run, teachers should combine teaching practice with theoretical knowledge and apply these theories to practice. Experienced teachers should also actively learn the knowledge of educational psychology, which will help to sum up practical teaching experience and rise to a higher level for others to learn from. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to learn the knowledge of educational psychology.