First, self-swimming

1, freestyle means any stroke that can be used in the competition. But in individual medley and medley relay, freestyle refers to strokes other than butterfly, backstroke and breaststroke.

2. When turning to the finish line, you must touch the pool wall with a certain part of your body.

During the whole tour, a part of the athlete's body must be exposed to water. During the turn, athletes are allowed to completely dive into the water, but the diving distance at the start and after each turn shall not exceed15m, and the athletes' heads must be above the water at15m.

Second, backstroke

1. Before the departure signal is issued, the athlete is in the water, facing the starting end, and grabs the handshake with both hands. Both feet (including toes) should be underwater. Don't stand in the sink or on the sink, and don't hook your toes on the edge of the sink.

2. After starting and turning, athletes should push away from the pool wall. Except for turning around, athletes should always lie on their backs during the whole swimming process. The supine posture allows the body to rotate, but it must be kept in a supine posture less than 90 degrees from the horizontal plane. The position of the head is not limited by this.

3. During the whole swimming process, a certain part of the athlete's body must be exposed to the water. During the turn, the athlete is allowed to completely dive into the water. However, at the time of departure and after each turn, the swimmer's diving distance shall not exceed15m, and the swimmer's head must be above the water at15m.

4. In the process of turning, a certain part of the athlete's body must touch the wall. In the process of turning, allow the shoulder to rotate beyond the vertical plane, and then you can paddle with one arm or both arms at the same time, which is the beginning of turning. Athletes must push away from the pool wall in a supine position.

When reaching the finish line, the athlete must touch the wall in supine position. Allow the body to dive into the water when touching the wall.

Third, breaststroke.

1, at the beginning and after each turn, from the first arm movement, the body should be kept in a prone position, and supine is not allowed at any time. During the whole competition, each action cycle should be carried out in the order of one move and one kick.

2, all the movements of the two arms should be carried out at the same time on the same horizontal plane, there can be no alternating movements.

3, hands should be in the water at the same time, underwater or chest water. The elbow must not touch the water except the last action before turning, the last action during turning and the last action before the end point touches the wall. (Both hands should stroke backwards on the surface or underwater) Except for the first stroke and every turn after departure, both hands should not stroke backwards beyond the hip line.

4. In every complete exercise cycle, a certain part of the athlete's head should be exposed to water.

Only after starting and each turn, the athlete can make a complete backward stroke from arm to leg, but before the arm reaches the widest point for the second time and the hands stroke inward, the head must be above the water. When the body is completely immersed, dolphin kick is allowed, followed by frog kick. After that, all leg movements should be carried out at the same time and in the same horizontal plane, and there can be no alternating movements.

5. In the process of kicking, the feet must be everted, and it is not allowed to cut the clip, kick the water alternately up and down or kick the water downward like a dolphin. As long as you don't do the downward dolphin kick, allow your feet to come out of the water.

6. When turning to the finish line, both hands should touch the wall at the same time on water, water or underwater. After the last stroke before touching the wall, the head can dive into the water, but in a complete or incomplete coordinated action before touching the wall, a part of the head should be exposed to the water.

Fourth, butterfly stroke

1, from the start and the first arm movement after each turn, the body should be kept in the prone position, and kicking is allowed on the underwater side, but it is not allowed to turn to the supine position at any time.

2. Both arms must swing forward on the surface of the water at the same time, and at the same time stroke backward under the water.

3. All the up-and-down strokes of the legs must be carried out at the same time. Legs and feet may not be on the same level, but they are not allowed to move alternately. Kicking breaststroke legs is not allowed.

4. When turning to the finish line, both hands should touch the wall at the same time on the water, surface or underwater.

5. At the beginning and after each turn, athletes are allowed to do one or more strokes and one underwater stroke. This stroke must make the body surface. It is allowed to dive at the start and after each turn, and the distance shall not exceed15m. Before reaching 15 meters, the athlete's head must be above the water. Athletes must keep their bodies on the water until the next turn or the finish line.

V. Mixed swimming

1. Individual medley must be performed in the following order: butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and freestyle.

2. The medley relay must be held in the following order: backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly and freestyle.

Every stroke must be completed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the competition rules.

Extended data:

Matters needing attention in swimming are:

1. You must swim under the guidance of your parents (guardians). Swimming alone is the most prone to problems. If your companion is not a parent (adult), it is difficult to guarantee that you can get proper help when you are in danger. (taboo for children)

People who are sick should not go swimming. Patients with chronic diseases such as otitis media, heart disease, dermatosis, liver and kidney diseases, hypertension, epilepsy and pinkeye, as well as those with colds, fever, mental fatigue and physical weakness, should not go swimming, because these patients are not only prone to aggravate their illness, but also prone to cramps, accidental coma and life-threatening. Patients with infectious diseases are easy to infect others.

3. After taking part in strong physical labor or strenuous exercise, you can't jump into the water to swim immediately, especially when you are sweating or fever. Otherwise, it is easy to cause cramps and colds.

4, cold, illness, physical discomfort or weakness, after meals, fasting, drinking alcohol is not suitable for swimming.

5. Polluted (poor water quality) rivers, reservoirs, places with rapids, the intersection of two rivers and lakes with gaps are not suitable for swimming. Generally speaking, all rivers and lakes with unknown water conditions are not suitable for swimming. Bad weather such as thunderstorm, strong wind and sudden change of weather is not suitable for swimming.

6. It is best to experience the water temperature before entering the water. If the water temperature is too cold or too hot, try not to rush into the water. The temperature of the pool water has an influence on blood circulation, heart, blood pressure, respiration, metabolism, human skin and muscles.

7. Before launching, do warm-up activities on the shore, warm up for 10 to 15 minutes, and exercise joints and muscles in all parts. Otherwise, it is easy to cause muscle injury or other accidents if you suddenly engage in more intense activities. Lift your legs, squat, and stand up.

8. Don't dive, lest the abdomen and testicles be directly hit by water.

9. When swimming, you need to pay attention to protect your eyes, prevent sunburn, and pay attention to the low tide time.

10, after swimming, rinse the whole body with clear water to avoid infectious diseases.

1 1. After swimming, you can recover your physical strength by supplementing sports drinks, relaxing training, breathing regulation, hypnotic suggestion, psychological regulation, massage recovery, water roaming and other means.

12, the potential dangers are leg cramps, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, earache, tinnitus, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, itchy eyes and so on.

13, the common diseases are conjunctivitis, otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngolaryngitis, contact dermatitis, allergic dermatitis and aspiration pneumonia.

14, avoid swimming in the sun for a long time, it will cause sunburn or acute dermatitis, also known as sunburn. In order to prevent sunburn, it is best to use an umbrella to shade the sun after landing, or rest in a cool place, or use a bath towel to protect the skin, or apply sunscreen to exposed parts of the body.

15, avoid swimming without warm-up activities.

16, don't eat immediately after swimming, otherwise it will suddenly increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, which will easily lead to gastrointestinal diseases after a long time.

17, avoid swimming for too long.

Skin generally has three reaction periods to cold stimulation. The first stage: after entering the water, stimulated by cold, the skin blood vessels contract and the skin color is pale. The second stage: after staying in the water for a certain period of time, the blood flow on the body surface expands, the skin turns from pale to reddish, and the skin turns from cold to warm. The third stage: the stay time is too long, the heat dissipation of body temperature is greater than fever, and the skin has goose bumps and chills. This is a taboo period for summer outing, so leave the water in time. Generally, the swimming time should not exceed 1.5~2 hours.

18, avoid swimming before and after meals, swimming on an empty stomach will affect appetite and digestive function, and there will be accidents such as dizziness and fatigue during swimming; Swimming with a full stomach will also affect the digestive function, and it will also cause stomach cramps and even vomiting and abdominal pain.

19, avoid swimming in unfamiliar waters.

20, avoid swimming on an empty stomach, swimming is a heavy physical exercise, limb muscle activity is large, it will consume a lot of energy and calories. If we go swimming on an empty stomach, it will cause hypoglycemia, especially for diabetics, and the risk of hypoglycemia coma is greater.

If swimmers are hungry, their blood sugar is too low and they consume a lot of energy, they are particularly prone to muscle trembling, dizziness, collapse, coma and even direct drowning. Therefore, swimmers should properly supplement some fruits, milk, candy and other foods before swimming, and then swim in the water.

2 1, swimming is forbidden during physiological period. Girls who come to menstruation must avoid swimming in the water at this time, because during menstruation, germs can easily enter the uterus, fallopian tubes and other places through water, causing infection, leading to irregular menstruation, excessive menstruation or prolonged menstruation.

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