Answer: (1) Classification, sorting and corresponding classification refer to grouping objects with the same characteristics. Sorting is arranged in a certain order or law according to different objects. Correspondence means that in two sets, any element in one set has one or more opposite elements in the other set according to a certain correspondence. (2) Number operation, number counting and operand, knowing plus sign, minus sign and equal sign, understanding the meaning of addition and subtraction, learning oral addition and subtraction within 10, and being able to apply addition and subtraction to solve simple problems in real life. (3) Geometric figures can correctly identify common plane figures (such as circles and triangles) and three-dimensional figures (such as spheres and cylinders); Can tell their names and main features; Can distinguish plane graphics from three-dimensional graphics. (4) children can distinguish and tell the difference of the amount of objects, such as size, length, height, thickness, width, thickness, weight and so on. When comparing the differences of object quantities, we can understand the relativity of quantities. Learn the conservation of quantity and learn natural measurement. (5) Children can distinguish and tell up and down, back and forth, left and right directions in space and time; You can move in the specified direction. Can distinguish morning, night, day, night, yesterday, today and tomorrow, and know the name and order of seven days a week; Know the clock, know its purpose, know the hour and half hour.