Promote the teaching purpose of Chinese teaching plan for senior two 1
1. Appreciate the novel's unique artistic charm, ups and downs, gripping story and delicate psychological description.
2. Dig deep into the ideological connotation of the works.
3. Summarize the phenomenon of classical Chinese and master the learning rules of classical Chinese vocabulary.
Teaching assumption
According to the characteristics of the text and the reality of senior two students, the teaching focus of this paper can be placed on the analysis and evaluation of the plot development, ideological connotation and psychological portrayal of the works.
About Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, the ancient book says: "According to legend, Mr. Wang lives in the village and has no spouse, and his temperament is particularly eccentric. He is a boy scout in the village and is self-sufficient. When writing this book, every morning, I will bring a big magnetic poppy, store bitter tea in it, and put a bag of weak tea beside the sidewalk. Under the old reed, sitting in a chair, with cigarettes and tea at the side, when you meet passers-by, you must stick to your words, seek novelty and say different things, and know others; If you are thirsty, drink tea or offer a cigarette. It is necessary to speak freely. Whitewash what you hear. If it had been more than 20 years of cold and summer, the book would have been published. So the brushwork is superb. " Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, with 488 articles in volume 12, exposes the darkness of feudal society and the evil of officialdom through the stories of flowers, demons and ghosts and the artistic pictures of people, gods and ghosts blending with each other, satirizes the decay and malpractice of the imperial examination system, praises the pure love of young men and women and criticizes the unreasonable marriage system. The works inherit and carry forward the artistic traditions of the Six Dynasties' strange novels and tang legends's novels, which are full of romanticism and give people a realistic sense of reality. Strange conception, bizarre twists and turns, ups and downs, delicate description and refined writing. His thoughts and artistic achievements indicate that China's creation of short stories in classical Chinese has reached a new peak and occupies a lofty position in the history of China literature.
"Promoting Weaving", selected from the Chinese textbook for senior high school, is an excellent chapter in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, with high level of subject matter and artistic achievements, which can be described as a literary masterpiece. This paper intends to appreciate its artistic charm from three aspects: plot, language and characters.
First, the plot is tortuous and the concept is rigorous.
China's novels originated from ancient myths and legends, so its artistic tradition attaches great importance to the plot of the story and is good at creating ups and downs and completeness.
The article "Promoting Weaving" takes "Promoting Weaving" as a clue, with clear description and touching twists and turns. Its plot can be summarized as: collecting insects-looking for insects-looking for insects-getting insects-losing insects-turning insects-fighting insects-offering insects. Among them, it can be regarded as the beginning, development, climax and ending of the story. In this way, the plot characteristics of the full text have been clear at a glance. However, the stumbling of this paper is also reflected in every development process: the first time I became famous, I couldn't find bugs, went to the bed, thought of myself, and reached the end of the road, which was a wave; The timely appearance of the witch made her famous, and caught the bug behind the Buddha pavilion in the east of the village. It can be said that the future is bright, and waves are rising again. I just got a bug, and I celebrated with my family. Unexpectedly, my son was very curious when he came out on the way. "Stealing the Pot", the bug was found lost, and another wave came; After becoming famous, he was "furious", only to find that his son had jumped into the well and killed himself. Empty characters, double whammy, simply add fuel to the fire; Later, Cheng Zi actually "recovered in the middle of the night" and promoted the weaver. Although incredible, the article turned sharply and suddenly became clear. Since then, the novel has tried its best to set off the lightness and dexterity of the weaving department, highlighting its unique functions, fighting insects and fighting chickens, and being able to "dance to the music", which is also ups and downs and exciting; Finally, I have a happy ending, so I can breathe a sigh of relief after being nervous, but after smiling indifferently, I can't help but think twice. ...
The story is tortuous, but cleverly conceived. Throughout the full text, the structure is complete. As for the transition, it has been described above. As for the call before the call, there are at least two good care. First, the story originated from "Xuande promoted weaving in the palace, and recruited people at the age of 18", and ended with "Great Jia Yue, a courtier, a famous horse, clothes and satin ...", and the old saying that "wealth needs to tie the bell" should be answered. Second, after becoming famous, he began to "fuck the boy's business, but he didn't sell it for a long time, which was pedantic", and his family business was "exhausted" and he could finally "enter the city", and "there are thousands of fields, castles and towers, and thousands of cattle, sheep and hooves; As soon as I went out, Qiu Ma led the family. " It can be said that one good turn deserves another.
Second, the language is concise and vivid.
The book Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio has been written for decades and has been constantly revised and supplemented. Its language comes from the folk, and after artistic processing, it is naturally very refined and vivid. The refinement of words is mainly manifested in the use of verbs, which is very appropriate and economical. For example, in the third paragraph: "When the married wife pays the money, worship as the predecessors did. While eating, the curtain moved and a piece of paper fell. Watch, draw, not write ... "More than 20 words clearly describe the whole process of adult wife and insect hunting. Another example is the fourth paragraph: "Cheng Yishu, take advantage of it quickly, and the frog will enter the grass. Crawling around, I saw insects crouching on thorns. Jump up and enter the cave. With sharp grass, you can't get out; Irrigation with water, at first, the shape is extremely handsome and healthy. Take it one by one and examine it, huge body, neat tail, green neck and golden wings. This is a detailed description. The author puts aside miscellaneous things and highlights actions, and describes the whole process of catching insects with words such as "chasing", "crawling", "pouncing", "spoon", "irrigation" and "seeing".
To be slender, to have a sense of the moment, as if in front of you. Another example is the seventh paragraph: "I tried to fiddle with a pig, but it still didn't move." The boy smiled again. Repeatedly provoked, the bug was furious and went straight to it, so he hit each other and cheered. When I saw the bug jump, it stretched out its tail and reached the enemy's collar. " This passage also uses words such as "anger", "rush", "leap", "Zhang", "stretch" and "ge" to describe the expression and action of the promotion organization in the process of insect killing.
The article cherishes words as gold in refinement, but splash ink as water in image, nuanced, vivid and touching. For example, the sixth paragraph: "After a while, I came home and smelled my wife's words, as if it had snowed. Angry son, I don't know what to do Then I got a body in the well, so I turned anger into sorrow and grabbed my heart. Husband and wife are opposite, the cabin is smoke-free, relatively quiet, and no more chatting. ..... If the cricket cage is empty, it will be broken and swallowed, and it is not for children. From fainting to dawn, my eyes were not closed. Dong was driving, and he lay stiff for a long time. " The author is very good at using line drawing to sketch and depict the angry, sad and plaintive expressions of characters. It also skillfully uses the scenery as a foil, and uses "smokeless huts" (front lining) and "east-west driving" (back lining) to express the mental state of famous couples "no longer chatting".
Third, the expression is detailed and the characters are lifelike.
As I said before, China's ancient novels pay great attention to the plot, even to the point of deliberate, but the characterization is slightly insufficient. But "Promoting Weaving" not only successfully depicts the protagonist, but also vividly depicts the minor characters, which is really unique. The success of characterization in this paper mainly lies in expression description.
I have already mentioned the description of fame, so I won't go into details. Let's look at the description of "Ranger". The seventh paragraph: "The young busybodies in the village domesticated a kind of insect called' Crab Shell Green', and the Japanese and disciples were invincible. If you want to live in it for profit, but if you are tall and straight, there is no seller. I went to Lu Cheng, and I saw what I had accumulated, but I smiled behind my back. Nabi is in the cage because of the bug. You are ashamed of your great achievements and dare not compare with it. Teenagers are strong. It's no use worrying about storing inferior things. It's better to have a good laugh, because it's in the bucket. A worm can't move, as stupid as a wooden chicken. The boy smiled again. I tried to fiddle with the beard with the pig, but it still didn't move. The boy smiled again. Repeatedly provoked, the bug was furious and went straight to it, so he hit each other and cheered. Russia saw the bug jump, stretched out its tail and reached the enemy's collar. The teenager was frightened and stopped in a hurry. " In this passage, the teenager has a total of San Xiao: when I first saw the famous promoter "short, black and red" and "shaped like a local dog", I couldn't help but "smile behind the corner of my mouth", which vividly portrayed the lightness, arrogance and arrogance of the teenager; The second time, he saw the famous promoter "as stupid as a wooden chicken" and couldn't help laughing; The third time, he teased the pig to promote weaving, but he still didn't move and smiled again.
Very proud. Through the description of "San Xiao", the image of a ranger who idles around all day is vivid. In the end, "juvenile horror" not only sets off the strangeness of promotion, but also further shows the ignorant and ridiculous side of the characters.
In addition, although there is not much ink on the famous "Wife and Children", the meticulous brushwork is also very vivid. If the fifth paragraph says, "If the child is afraid, tell the mother. Mother listened, pale and frightened, and said,' karma, it's time! And Weng's return, I will make up my mind with you! "My son left in tears." The son's "fear" and his wife's "surprise" and "anger" were rendered very successfully. There are many such examples, so I won't list them one by one.
In a word, the promotion organization not only inherits the excellent tradition of China's ancient novel creation, but also attaches great importance to the construction of plot structure. In terms of language, it should be refined and vivid; And there is a breakthrough in characterization, which makes the characters vivid and impressive. This is an excellent short story with strong artistic charm.
Promote the teaching purpose of Chinese teaching plan II in senior two.
1. Understand the author's creative intention to expose the dark reality of the "prosperous times" in the Qing Dynasty by telling stories of the previous dynasties.
2. Understand the twists and turns, waves, ups and downs of this article, and how the author realizes his creative intention through conception and expression.
3. Master the polysemous notional words that must be mastered in the textbook, and be familiar with a number of words as much as possible.
Teaching assumption
1, the text is long, the story is tortuous and changeable, but the language is relatively simple. Students can refer to the dictionary with the help of text hints and notes, read through the text, sort out the context and write an outline of the plot.
2. In order to make students learn lively and interesting, on the basis of being familiar with the content, unofficial history, which is similar to it, is quoted for comparison, so that students can understand articles with the same purpose but different forms and further grasp the theme of knitting promotion.
3. The ending of "promoting weaving" has always been controversial. Through discussion, a more consistent view was reached.
first kind
First, the main points of teaching
Introduce the author and his works, read through the text and solve difficult words.
Second, the teaching content and steps
1, solving the problem:
The text is selected from Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, referred to as Liaozhai for short.
Author Pu Songling, born in Pujiazhuang, Zizhou (present-day Zibo), Shandong Province, is also known as Jian Chen, alias Liu Quan. I have been keen on becoming famous since I was a child. At the age of 65,438+09, he took part in the imperial examination, ranking first in Zhongxian County, Fujian Province and first in Taoism. However, since then, I have tried many times and failed to enter the officialdom. He basically lived a hard life as a teacher in his hometown for most of his life, so he had more opportunities to get in touch with the people and was dissatisfied with the sins of the ruling class.
Pu Songling began to write Liaozhai at the age of 20 and basically finished it at the age of 40. Later, it was constantly revised and supplemented until his death. This work is the crystallization of his life's efforts.
Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio collects a large number of folk myths and legends, most of which are based on fox spirits, ghosts and gods and fish spirits, and are used to satirize reality and express loneliness and anger. As the preface of the book says: "Many a mickle makes a mickle. If you forget to continue the records of the Ming Dynasty, writing in vain will only become a lonely and angry book. It is also sad to pin it on it. "
"Promoting Weaving" is a famous work of Liaozhai. By writing a story that a famous family was forced to pay crickets by the government and finally became rich, the author profoundly exposed the cruelty of feudal corvee and satirized the ugly drama of "one man rises, and the fairy makes trouble", which has profound social significance.
2. Read through:
(1) Request:
Look at the text "Preview Tips" first and draw the key sentences.
② Read the text paragraph by paragraph against your notes and draw words and sentences that you don't understand.
③ Think about the following questions when reading:
What are the clues for the author to expand the full text;
Stick to the clue and briefly summarize the meaning of the paragraph;
Is the ending of October in Yi Shi superfluous?
(2) Read through the text:
Students read the text by themselves according to the requirements put forward by the teacher. Teacher's guidance, some simple problems, at any time to solve individually; Difficult and frequently asked questions are written on the blackboard by the teacher, ready to discuss and answer questions.
(3) Explain difficult words and sentences:
After the students read through the text, the teacher explains the difficult words and sentences according to the blackboard (limited to the teaching materials that are not annotated or explained but not appropriate enough).
(1) Exhausted before the end of the year: Exhausted, with the note "Be swayed by considerations of gain and loss". Reporter: Tired, pronounced as lèi, the loss here means "compensation", and "exhaustion" should mean "losing everything". Nature: Being famous (thinking) is right. However, yes; Of course, of course.
(3) I can't understand the exhibition: I have seen it over and over again, and I don't know what it means. Exhibition, exhibition, toss and turn; Play hard, ponder hard and experience hard.
4 industry roots, death is coming! And Weng's return will count with you! In the sentence of "double counting", the words "settlement, investigation" and "double counting" are not implemented. This sentence should have two meanings, 1 layer is scolded by mother, and the second layer is settled by father.
⑤ The struggle between thinking and trying is to defeat cricket, and the martial arts of cricket is replaced by the former. "One" and the conjunction "Er". "Peep" means "look" here.
Try the chicken again: (then) try it with the chicken again. "Try a chicken" means "try a chicken" and "try a chicken".
3. Subparagraph:
(1) Discussion: ① What are the clues that run through this article? (promoting weaving) ② Taking "promoting weaving" as a clue, how many parts can this article be divided into?
Reference: The full text consists of 9 paragraphs. The first 8 paragraphs are described in the natural order of things. The last paragraph is the author's comment, which is an incidental part of the work. There are two ways: one is divided into four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending; The other is divided according to the clue of "promoting weaving", so it is suggested to write a simple and clear structural outline through the division of these two points.
(Guide to the preparation of plot outline:
The specific process: first, show the two outlines written by students with magic films, so that students can make a little judgment and the teacher can simply guide them; Then the teacher can take out the outline he has written for the students to refer to when modifying his own outline. It should be emphasized that the teacher's outline is not the only correct standard, it is for reference only and cannot be copied. )
Teachers should pay attention to the following points:
1. Pay attention to the difference between "development" and "climax". The climax, characterized by more acute contradictions than the development stage, often forms a new, thrilling or more bizarre wave. Being famous for "the death of insects and children" is an important sign that this contradiction is more acute and does not make waves.
2. Each stage of the plot contains several main details, which have the nature of development or transformation from one thing to another. Details can be divided into separate parts, can also belong to the upper and lower parts, and can also contain several details in one part. Don't mechanically divide the details according to the natural section.
3. Clue hints at each stage should take into account "things" and "feelings". Just mentioning "things" can't fully reflect the author's thoughts.
4. Pay attention to concise language and roughly the same sentence length.
Second lesson
Teaching essentials
Analysis of creative intention, plot conception and expression techniques; Analyze the author's ideological limitations; Add some homework to help students expand their knowledge and further improve their reading ability in classical Chinese.
teaching process
First of all, starting with the investigation work, text analysis is introduced.
Check whether the students have completed the task of writing an outline of the plot. Name the students and let them read paragraph 7 fluently. And explain the creative intention and plot characteristics of this article in a few words. The main task of introducing this lesson is to deeply analyze the author's creative intention and expression techniques.
Second, the author's creative intention and the plot analysis of the novel
About the author's creative intention:
Enlightening question: students already know that the creative intention of this article is to expose the dark reality by telling the story of the previous dynasty, and the criticism is directed at the son of heaven. In order to further promote the discussion, please reconsider and answer the following questions: "The promotion drama was popular during the reign of Tang Tianbao. Why did the author choose the background of the story in the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty? " Is Xuande's reign "ruling the world" or "declining the world"? What kind of monarch was Emperor Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty? "
It is estimated that students will think that Xuande is a "declining world" in feudal times, and Xuanzong is a fatuous king.
The teacher wrote the following sentences on the blackboard and gave some instructions:
"Xuande ruled the world, and Xuanzong made you the master ... to take care of the insects and the things that have harmed people so far? Suppressing rumors is not true?
This is a sentence written by Wang Yuyang, a contemporary poet, in the manuscript of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. Why did Wang Yuyang emphasize that Xuande's reign was "ruling the world" and Xuanzong was "your master", that is, "wise monarch"? Obviously, his intention is to remind readers to contact the current reality when reading "Promoting Weaving". Kangxi period was the "prosperous time" of the Qing Dynasty, and Kangxi himself was being regarded as the "British Lord". However, at that time, the ruling clique and Kangxi himself pursued the unity of "sound, color, dog and horse" and loved "fighting chickens and killing insects". The cricket pots that have been handed down to this day are the most exquisite in the Kangxi period, and they are even more famous in the Kangxi period. It can be seen that the author's creative intention is actually to expose the dark reality of "prosperous times" when the Lord was in power by telling the story of the era of "ruling the world" when the Lord was in power. It is obvious to all that "every responsibility is a responsibility and it needs to be ruined"; "The son of heaven accidentally uses one thing" is a specific one, not a general one. This just reflects the profound characteristics of Pu Songling's thought. Even so, "ruling the world" and "prosperous times" are still the same, so it is self-evident that "the eternal master" is in power and "the world is declining". It is reasonable to say that "the reality reflected in this novel is of universal significance in feudal society".
About the fictional plot of this article:
Enlightening questions: Students already know that the plot of this article is full of twists and turns. Now please consider two more questions: (1) Why is it so tortuous and bizarre? What does it have to do with creative intention? (2) Is the fiction of the plot based on historical materials?
After the students answer, the teacher shows the following notes of Ming and Qing dynasties with slides, and then asks questions and prompts further.
"I'm Xuanzong, the best in this play. Zeng Mi wrote four letters to Suzhou magistrate Kuang. For a while, he said,' Xuanzong wants to promote the weaving of music'. This language still exists today. " (Shen Defu's "Wan Li Ye De")
"Xuanzong love to promote the play, afford to take it from jiangnan, the price is tens of gold. Qiao Feng has a long grain, and the county magistrate sent it, found the best one and traded it with that good horse. My wife said that a good horse is changeable, and there must be differences. If she steals it, she will jump out and be pecked by a chicken. Fear, hanged himself to death. Husband and wife, hurting their wives, are also responsible for themselves. "
(Notes on Mei Cun's poems are quoted from Lu Ya's Ming History)
The teacher further asked: Are these two historical materials used to promote knitting? The second historical material is very similar to the experience of a famous family, and it has the outline of a complete story. Why not expand the plot according to the outline of the story, but make up some bizarre and illusory plots?
After the students answered, the teacher made a summary:
As the students said, these two materials are used in "promoting weaving", but they are only modified. This shows that the author exposed the darkness of reality by telling the story of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty before, and poured some "filth" on Xuanzong in the Ming Dynasty, which was not groundless, but historical.
Celebrity couples get good things by asking God for advice-this plot refines real life. In the old society, people felt desperate and often wanted to ask God for advice. But it is illusory that the divine plan is so effective. The author's fictional plot reflects that the famous couple actually have no way out, which readers will think of when they read it.
The famous nine-year-old son turned into a cricket, agile and good at playing-this plot also has realistic factors. In the past, it was common for children to commit suicide in trouble. The soul cricket is impossible. However, this illusory plot has a powerful shocking power of exposure and criticism. Imagine what kind of physical and mental torture a nine-year-old child is experiencing, which makes readers feel heavier than the despair of famous couples.
The comedy ending at the end-since it is impossible to turn crickets into souls, it is purely impossible for that noble family to get rid of bad luck. But this plot profoundly reveals the decay of feudal politics, and readers will naturally come into contact with the dark phenomenon of officialdom at that time.