There are many similarities between imperial examination and modern college entrance examination. Starting with exploring the historical development law of the relationship between imperial examination and school education and teaching, examining the relationship between modern college entrance examination and school education and teaching can provide historical reference for the current college entrance examination reform and make the college entrance examination reform beneficial to the education of middle schools and universities.
Choosing officials and employing people is a national event. In order to ensure the selection of talents, in China's long feudal society, rulers of all dynasties attached great importance to training and selecting talents to consolidate their dominant position. On the one hand, the state vigorously develops education; On the other hand, a system of selecting officials by examination has been explored and gradually established, the most important of which is the establishment and improvement of the imperial examination system. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "those who gain prosper and those who lose perish". Therefore, carefully sum up the pros and cons: the advantages are: the public examination has absorbed many poor scholars into the political power, which is conducive to expanding and consolidating the political foundation of feudal rule and changing the situation in which the rich gentry dominated the state affairs in the early feudal society; The majority of landlords in Buyi entered the imperial examination as officials, which injected vitality and vitality into the feudal regime; Since then, the selection of officials has an objective basis for the level of cultural knowledge, which is conducive to the formation of high-quality civil servants; The combination of reading, examination and being an official integrates power, status and knowledge, which has created the tradition of respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching and the atmosphere of diligent study in the Chinese nation; It promoted the prosperity of literature, such as the selection of scholars by poetry and fu in the Tang Dynasty, which promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry. The disadvantages are: the practice of stereotyped writing in Ming and Qing Dynasties has seriously bound candidates from content to form, which has made many intellectuals not stress practical knowledge and bound their thoughts; The style of study divorced from reality brought by stereotyped writing has a very negative impact on the development of academic culture; The imperial examination system in the late Qing Dynasty seriously hindered the development of science and culture, which was one of the important reasons for the backwardness of natural science in modern China. The imperial examination system is not conducive to knowledge innovation and the cultivation of innovative talents.
In short, we should understand the reform and development of the ancient examination system in China from the perspective of inheritance and development.
② Experience and lessons: ① Talents are the precious wealth of the country. ② Perfecting the examination system is conducive to talent selection; (3) those who have both ability and political integrity and dare to speak; (4) cronyism and connivance are serious hazards. ⑤ Establish a correct concept of respecting knowledge and talents.
③ Connecting with practice: The examination reform currently implemented in China embodies the function of the state in organizing and developing education. China's examination reform should always adhere to the principles that are conducive to the selection of talents in colleges and universities, the implementation of quality education in middle schools and the expansion of autonomy in running schools. This is an inevitable requirement for China to implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education. Pay attention to the contrast, there are essential differences between the ancient examination system and the present examination reform. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, it is necessary to further deepen the reform of the cadre and personnel system, establish and improve the systems of selection, appointment, assessment, mobile allocation, incentive and supervision of all kinds of talents at all levels, and form a mechanism conducive to talents coming to the fore and giving full play to their talents. The successful experience and failure lessons of selecting and employing people in ancient China are of great significance to the socialist construction in China today.