"Five W's" and "One H"
"Five W's": Who (who), What (what) When (when), Where (why) and One H (how) News classification: News structure includes five parts: title, introduction, theme, conclusion and background. The first three are the main parts, and the last two are the auxiliary parts. Title: Highly summarized and eye-catching lead: It is used to prompt the important facts of news, so that readers can see at a glance: after the lead, it is the backbone of news, the central part of focusing on describing events, explaining problems and expressing opinions, and the key to the whole news. Conclusion: Generally speaking, it refers to the last sentence or paragraph of news, which is the end of news. It is optional according to the needs of the content: it is the historical situation or existing environment of things. Writing rules: newsworthy, correct in format and moving in title. The content is concise, the narration is friendly, and the readability is high. The appropriate length is 1 to 2 pages (especially 1 page). Writing skills: concise, clear paragraphs, short sentences, and refreshing typesetting. Avoid being divorced from facts, unclear explanations and empty contents. A good press release should not only have news value, grasp the main demands and be in the right format, but also strive to be concise, the narrative should be based on facts, the title of the manuscript should be concise, prominent and attractive, avoid obscure words and improve the readability of the manuscript.
inverted pyramid
One is the "inverted pyramid" style originated from the American press. This format is widely imitated because it caters to the audience's acceptance psychology. Now many domestic metropolis newspapers use this format. The basic format (except the title) is: write the most newsworthy part of a news event in the introduction (newsworthy is the most prominent, latest and attractive part of the news). For example, after a ball game, what the audience/readers/listeners want most is the result or the performance of a player, so write it from here first. Secondly, in the body of the report, according to the importance of each element of the incident, it is written down in descending order, and the last is the least important. At the same time, note that only one event element can be written in a paragraph, but not all. Because this format does not conform to the basic time sequence of event development, we should try our best to conceive from the perspective of the audience and arrange the event elements according to the audience's understanding of the importance of the event. Therefore, we need long-term practical experience and a macro understanding of the audience.
Xinhua style
The other is the combination of Chinese and foreign-Xinhua style. China's news reports generally follow the chronological order, but this "storytelling" writing style is no longer suitable for the reading habits of the audience (most people don't have time to listen to your long speeches), so the "Xinhua Style" was born under the condition of absorbing the advantages of Chinese and foreign news reports. The basic format (except the title) is: 1. The most important part of the event is concisely reflected in the introduction. Secondly, in the second paragraph, this important part of the introduction is further elaborated to form a support so that the audience will not form a psychological gap when accepting it. So the second paragraph is actually a transition. Third, tell stories in chronological order. The above are common news reporting formats. Headlines are very important for news reports, and even a headline is a report. Therefore, the title should refine the "essence" of news events, reflect the most attractive places, and be concise at the same time. If necessary, you can add a quotation before the main title and then a subtitle. If you want to write a long investigative report and in-depth report, you should pay attention to adding some subtitles to the text according to the need of clear narrative of the event, so as to summarize part of the content and make it easy for the audience to read (for print media).
Wall street journal
In addition, a format called "Wall Street Journal" (DEE) is very popular recently. The main feature of this format is a "shot" in the news event at the beginning of the article, which is generally based on a person's words and deeds, thus leading to the whole news report, such as the news that the central bank is going to raise the mortgage interest rate. News reports can be written from the housing loan behavior of an ordinary citizen, which is closer to reality, the masses and life.
< example > special donation
Just after 3 pm in Zibinchang, Mr. Liu, who received donations in the lobby, told me, "Master Wang Jing is here again!" Everyone present was happy for a while, so I left my job at hand and hurried to the front hall: "What brings you here in such a cold day?" I asked. He greeted him with 200 yuan in his right hand: "No, I donated this money." Wang Jing, a retired worker who lives in the revolving room of Huangshandian in Beijing, collects garbage and donates 1 10,000 yuan to Hope Project and other social welfare undertakings. The old scene that appeared in front of my eyes today is very different from the past in terms of face shape and dress: he is ruddy and chubby in the dark; Wearing a black cotton-padded coat, khaki new work pants and a pair of black rubber-soled cotton shoes, it looks clean and neat. I asked the old man to sit down. Before I asked him if he was cold, he laughed and said, "No, people knew I was in trouble and sent me 200 yuan." What a good man! " How can I ask others for money? "I stopped:" You scrimped and saved, and donated 6,543,800 yuan. This 200 yuan is for you, and it is appropriate for you to keep it. " The old man immediately retorted, "No! I can't have it anyway. People are kind. My retirement fee is enough. I'd better donate it to Project Hope to educate poor mountainous areas. Then he turned to Mr. Liu and said, "You must write down the name of this family." I will send him the receipt and thank them well. "I appreciate this." "I'm thinking, it's not honest to go back. But I can't have it. Let's give it to Project Hope. Top! " While listening, I leaned down and took an envelope from the old man's hand, which read: Safety and Environmental Protection Department of Yi Tuo Oil Pump Factory. I see, this 200 yuan was sent to the old man in Wangjing by an unknown comrade Gao Fang after reading the "Inscription of Huangshandian's humble room" published in China Youth Daily on February 19/994. This is a touching scene that happened in the donation hall of Beijing Donation Center of Hope Project, No.3 Xiangbei Hutong, Beixinqiao, Beijing a few days ago.
The second era needs the loveliest people.
-famous writer Wei Weitong met Zhang Jing and Chen Hui in Li Guoan. A pair of heroic hands and a pair of hands holding the drill pipe tightly hold together. On the afternoon of 28th, Wei Wei, a 76-year-old writer, met Li Guoan, the "model leader" of Beijing Military Region Water Supply Engineering Corps, in his apartment. The old writer shook Li Guoan's hand and said happily, "I have read all your stories, which are very touching. You are a hero in the era of reform and opening up. In the tide of market economy, some people care about money, while others talk empty talk. You have made selfless dedication, done practical things for the people, and embarked on a new long March with the waist of steel. Our time needs the loveliest person like you. " "Old chief, I have read your article" Who is the cutest person "since I was a child, and I grew up under the influence of volunteer patriotism and revolutionary heroism. Whenever I encounter difficulties in my work, I will think of my predecessors and the volunteers who gave their lives. " Li Guoan respectfully said to Lao Wei. Looking at Li Guoan with a military medal, Lao Wei mused. After a while, he said with emotion, "Six years ago, an old friend of mine also sat in your position. His name is Li Yu' an, a' living martyr' and a hero in the war years; Your name is Li Guoan, and you are a hero in peacetime. You are all heroes, heroes of two eras. You are all practicing the purpose of our army, and you are the most lovely people. Li Guoan said, "Thank you for your encouragement." I will keep in mind the purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, be modest and prudent, do more practical things for the people and make new contributions to the people. When leaving, veteran Wei personally wrote the book "Red Ribbon of the Earth" and gave it with his autograph. The inscription was: Comrade, you are the most lovely person in the era of peaceful construction. "
Example 3 1 A special exam
Our reporter Liu held a special exam in the conference room on the fifth floor of Jishou Municipal Government in Hunan at 3 pm on March 12. In the conference room that can accommodate more than 500 people, there are 49 township party committee secretaries and heads in the city, who will pass the closed-book examination to obtain the "Science and Technology Qualification Certificate". Examiners: Song, deputy secretary of the municipal party committee in charge of agriculture, and Hu Demin, deputy mayor. Chief invigilator: Minister of Municipal Party Committee Organization. Examination time: 120 minutes. The examination topic "Comprehensive Agricultural Technology Experiment" involves practical technology in local main crops, forestry and fruit industry and aquaculture. Mr. Guo, a senior agronomist in charge of the examination, said to the author: "Although the examination questions have certain depth and difficulty, most of them are trained knowledge." At 3: 00, 15, candidates begin to answer questions. The examination room was particularly quiet, and only the rustling of answers was heard. As invigilators, the eyes of the two vice ministers of the Organization Department of the Municipal Party Committee kept scanning. The two candidates were warned as soon as they whispered to each other. After 4 o'clock, candidates hand in their papers. After browsing several papers, Mr. Guo told the author that those who did well in the exam could get more than 90 points. After the examination, the author interviewed Deputy Secretary Song and Vice Mayor Hu in the examination room. They said that the municipal party committee and the municipal government "forced" township leaders to take the lead in learning agricultural technology by taking the "science and technology qualification certificate" to improve the quality of science and technology and lead the masses to become rich through science and technology. The organization minister of the municipal party Committee told the author: "The municipal party committee and the municipal government will announce the examination results and reward those who have excellent results; Those who fail the exam will make up the exam within a time limit, and those who fail again will take certain organizational measures. Without' scientific and technological qualifications', you can't be competent as a township leader. Such an exam will be held every year in the future. "
Enron hesitated between his dream and his lover, avoided forever, and secretly prepared to go to Columbia University. Until she left, it seemed that she would