Two short songs (Part I)
Cao Cao in Eastern Han Dynasty
Singing to wine, life geometry!
For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan.
Be generous, and your troubles will be unforgettable.
How to solve your worries? Only Du Kang. Qingqing is your collar, YY is my miss.
But for your sake, I've thought it over.
A herd of deer, yo, ate mugwort in Ye Yuan.
I have a group of good guests, playing the piano and playing the piano.
As clear as the bright moon, when can I forget it? The troubles come from this and cannot be cut off.
The weirder, the more useless.
Talk about it, and remember the past. There are few stars on the moon, and blackbirds fly south.
Turn around the tree three times, what branches can you rely on?
The mountain is never too high, and the sea is never too deep.
The duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart.
translate
Singing while drinking, how many years left in life.
Just like the morning dew is fleeting, so much time has passed!
The song at the banquet was impassioned, but the sadness in my heart was hard to forget.
By what to alleviate depression? Only drink wine.
Scholar, you make me miss you day and night.
It is because of you that I have been chanting deeply to this day.
Deer hummed in the sun and ate mugwort leaves in Yuan Ye.
Once talented people from all over the world come to our home, I will entertain guests in blowing sheng.
When can I pick the bright moon hanging in the sky?
Deep worries can't stop.
Guests from afar came to visit me across the criss-crossing fields.
Meet again after a long separation, have a heart-to-heart talk and relive the kindness of the past.
There are few stars in the moon, and a group of nesting blackbirds fly south.
Fly around the tree for three weeks without breaking your wings. Where can you live?
The mountains do not hesitate to look at the towering rocks, but the sea does not abandon the trickle to see the grandeur.
I would like to be as courteous as the Duke of Zhou, and I would like the heroes of the world to submit to me sincerely.
To annotate ...
1. Sing a song about wine: sing a song while drinking wine. When, it means right.
2. Geometry: How much.
Going to Japan is more painful: as painful as (morning dew) but long. There is a sigh that life is short.
4. Generosity: It means that the songs on the banquet are passionate and generous. When used, it means "should be used" here. The whole sentence means that we should sing with passion and generosity.
5. Du Kang: According to legend, he was the first person to make wine.
6. Qingqing Amethyst (Jρn), leisurely in my heart: from The Book of Songs Zheng Feng Amethyst. Originally written about a girl who misses her lover, it is used here as a metaphor for people who are eager for talent and knowledge. Son, address each other respectfully. This is an antique collar. Green fern is the dress of Zhou scholars, referring to the learned people here. Long, long-term appearance, describes continuous thinking.
7. ponder: originally refers to whispering and thinking, here refers to missing and admiring the sages.
8. Yo (not you) Yo Luming Literature, Wild Apple. I have a guest who is blowing: Xiaoya Luming Literature in The Book of Songs. Yo-yo: Deer bark. Ping: Artemisia argyi.
9. Drums: Playing.
10. When can I get it? When can I get it? Answer the phone. Answer the phone. Another solution: when reading "chuò", it is a common word, and when reading "quit", it means to stop. When can I stop? When does that mean I can stop?
1 1. Crossing the street: cross the criss-crossing paths. Strange things go to the path of the field. Money, a north-south path.
12. Misuse and coexistence: condescending to visit. Waste, here means "waste driving"; Use, and. Save, greet, miss.
13. Yan: The Banquet (original)? ”)。
14. Three turns (zā): three weeks. Turn, week, circle.
15. The sea is never too deep: a book called Water is never too deep. Here is a quote from Guan Zi Xing Jie, the original text is: "The sea does not hesitate to water, so it can achieve great things;" The mountain does not leave the soil, so it can become high; The wise master never gets tired of others, so he can become a group of people ... "It means that he wants to accept as many talents as possible.
Introduction of works
Two Short Songs (Part I) is a poem by Cao Cao, a politician and writer at the end of Han Dynasty. It is an ancient theme of Yuefu in Han Dynasty, and belongs to harmony songs and flat tunes. Through the singing at the banquet, the poet's thirst for talents and ambition to unify the world are expressed in a calm and frustrated style. The whole poem is profound in content, solemn and elegant, full of emotion, giving full play to the specialty of poetry creation, using metaphor accurately and skillfully, and achieving the goal of combining reason with emotion and touching people. It has always been considered as one of Cao Cao's representative works.
works appreciation
"A Short Song" is actually a "song of seeking the virtuous", and because it adopts the form of poetry and contains rich lyrical elements, it can play a unique infectious role, effectively publicize his persistence and cooperate with his decrees.
The whole poem is divided into four sections and analyzed one by one.
The first part mainly expresses the poet's sadness about his short life. There are two references to "wine" in the first part. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, wine was favored by Wei and Jin poets. Whether happy or sad, it is not difficult to find the shadow of wine when feeling. Among them, how do we understand the poet's short life? The poet lived in troubled times, witnessed the people's drift from place to place, and was heartbroken, eager to make contributions but unable to change troubled times, thus giving a sigh that life is short.
In the second season, this feeling is even more lingering. He said that "a girl in green is lingering in my heart", which is of course a direct metaphor for missing "a talent". Because it is impossible for Cao Cao to look for those "talents" one by one, he reminded them in this subtle way: "Even if I don't look for you, why don't you take the initiative to look for me?" From this implicit meaning, we can see that his intention of "seeking the virtuous" is indeed thoughtful and has touching power. And this touching power embodies the combination of politics and artistic creation. Of course, his profound and subtle intentions can't be fully expressed in the literature such as "Asking for a Scholar". As a poem, short songs can express feelings that political literature can't express and play a role that political literature can't. It means that as long as you come to me, I will definitely stay as a "guest", and we can get along well and cooperate happily. These eight sentences still don't clearly say the word "seeking the virtuous", because Cao Cao writes poems, so he uses allusions as metaphors, which is the performance of "being gentle, respectful and frugal".
The third section is the focus and care of the above sixteen sentences. The above sixteen sentences mainly have two meanings, that is, worrying about seeking the virtuous and treating the virtuous with courtesy. If compared with music, these can be said to be two "theme melodies" in the whole poem, and the eight sentences of "Clear as the Moon" are the reappearance and variation of these two "theme melodies". The first four sentences are about sadness, not the first eight; The last four sentences are about the arrival of "talents". These are the last eight sentences. On the surface, the meaning is repeated by the first sixteen sentences, but in fact, due to the reproduction and variation of the "theme melody", the whole poem is more restrained and chanting, which strengthens the concentration of lyric. Judging from the literary theme of expressing poetry, these eight sentences are not simple repetitions, but contain profound meanings. In other words, "talents" have come a lot, and we have cooperated very well; However, I am not satisfied. I'm still worried about talent, and I hope more "talents" will come. The bright moon in the sky has been running and will not stop. In the same way, my idea of seeking the virtuous will not be cut off. This is also a thoughtful expression, because Cao Cao is constantly recruiting talents, so will the latecomers worry about "overcrowding"? Therefore, Cao Cao further said here that his heart of seeking wisdom will not end like the bright moon, and people will have no worries, and they will be given preferential treatment early and late.
The fourth quarter further deepened the thoughts and feelings of thirst for virtue. The four sentences "Bright moon in the sky" are not only an accurate and vivid description of the scenery, but also metaphorical. In fact, it means that people who are hesitant are at a loss in the situation of the Three Kingdoms. The poet inspired them with the scene of crows circling trees and "what branches to rely on" Don't be half-hearted, be good at choosing branches and live, and come to me quickly. Finally, the four sentences in Duke of Zhou make the finishing point, which clearly shows that I hope all the people will come to me, Cao Cao, and point out the main idea of the whole poem. With regard to the allusion of "Duke of Zhou vomited food", it is said that Duke of Zhou himself said: "Son of King Wen, brother of King Wen, uncle of King Cheng; I am also in the world, and I am not a light in the world. However, if you hold it for three times and vomit for three times, you still fear losing the people of the world. " This seems to express the poet's feelings.
On the whole, Short Songs is a highly political poem, which mainly serves the political line and strategy implemented by Cao Cao at that time. However, its political content and significance are completely integrated into the rich lyrical artistic conception. The whole poem gives full play to the specialty of poetry creation, accurately and skillfully uses metaphor, and achieves the goal of combining reason with emotion and touching.
Creation background
There are five theories about the writing time of this poem in academic circles. 1. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, based on Su Shi's "Poem on Red Cliff", advocates that Cao Cao recite this poem "Drinking and Writing Songs" before the Chibi War, and the time is set at the end of the 13th year of Jian 'an (2008). The second is the theory of seeking talents, which comes from Zhang Keli's Chronicle of Three Caos: "While seeking talents, we express our eager desire to recruit talents." The time was in the fifteenth year of Jian 'an (2 10). Third, cross-strait harmony and singing originated from ten thousand. He believes that this poem was written in the first year of Jian 'an in Han Dynasty (196), and Cao Cao moved the Emperor Gaozu to Xudu, and Cao Cao made friends with his confidants and sang it. Fourth, eat, drink, and be merry. The exact time has not been verified. This sentence is Shen Deqian's "The Source of Ancient Poetry" Volume 5: "A Short Song". It is also fun to say it in time. Fifthly, Wang Qing hosted Wu Wan Khan at a banquet in May of the 21st year of Jian 'an (2 16).
Brief introduction of the author
Cao Cao (155 -220) was an outstanding politician, strategist and writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and the founder of Cao Wei regime. Cao Cao, whose real name is Meng De, was born in Qiaoxian County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province). He was an outstanding politician, strategist and writer at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the founder of Cao Wei regime.