The so-called "non-intelligence factors" mainly refer to an organic unified system with interest, emotion and will as the core and composed of various personality psychological characteristics. Including attitude, habit, ability, expression, thinking, writing, operation, activities, hobbies and personality traits. "Non-intelligence factors" mainly play a dynamic role in the psychological process of teaching, which is embodied in the motivation, desire, attitude, interest and will of teaching and learning.
Classroom teaching is the "main position" of education and teaching, especially providing conditions for the cultivation of "non-intellectual factors". In teaching, teachers should attach importance to the role of emotion, stimulate learning motivation, maintain learning interest and positive state, induce active participation, activate creative thinking, enhance social responsibility, develop personality traits, form a sound personality and promote the all-round development of personality.
First, stimulate interest and make it "love learning"
Interest is the cognitive tendency to actively explore something or carry out some activities, the source of learning motivation and the forerunner of learning Chinese well. Bruner said: "The best stimulation of learning is the interest in textbooks." Indeed, in teaching, we find that when it is effectively activated, it often shows great curiosity, strong thirst for knowledge, positive exploration consciousness, and even reaches the realm of "forgetting me" through unremitting efforts. Naturally, his studies have also made rapid progress; On the other hand, the effect is not high or small. It can be seen that the greatest ability of teachers is to make students have a strong interest in the subjects they teach. Although interest is related to some innate potential, it mainly depends on careful cultivation. How to cultivate students' interest in learning? I think the main methods are:
1. Strengthen the education of learning motivation
Motivation is the internal driving force that directly pushes people to engage in certain activities. Only when students have a deep understanding of the purpose and significance of learning, guided by correct and long-term learning motivation, can they truly understand the importance of mastering scientific knowledge to themselves, and can they link their learning with the destiny and future of the country and society, thus generating a strong and urgent desire for knowledge and a strong interest in learning, actively exploring and innovating, and "happily" climbing the peak of science and winning the crown of victory.
2. Actively improve teaching methods
New and different stimuli can easily cause unintentional attention, natural attraction, excited expectation and curiosity. Actively improving teaching methods can easily make students feel fresh and keep a strong interest in learning. Dull stimulation will only make students feel dull and disgusted. Therefore, teachers must abandon the traditional indoctrination and boring teaching methods in the past, pay more attention to knowledge than personality, and introduce guidance that is conducive to questioning and asking questions. New teaching methods such as activating creative thinking and tapping personality potential. According to Comenius, "interest is one of the main ways to create a positive and bright teaching environment". Teachers must try to be different, novel and unique according to the psychological characteristics of students' interests. Every class is different and every day is wonderful.
3. Experience the taste of success.
Suhomlinski said: "The happiness brought by success is a powerful driving force, and the desire of teenagers to be a good student depends on this power." Teachers use the psychology of success to create different levels of situations for students of different levels, so that they can sprout interest, actively participate and move towards success. ?
Successful learning experience can not only enhance students' self-confidence, but also further stimulate students' greater, deeper and deeper interest in learning. This inner high-level sense of pleasure, inspired by every success, has become the starting point for pursuing new goals and even the spiritual pillar to encourage them to explore and innovate all their lives!
Second, enrich emotions and let them "enjoy learning"
Emotion is people's attitude and experience about whether objective things meet people's needs and desires. Emotion is the soul of teaching. Emotion is the basic feature of classroom teaching, emotion is the internal motivation to learn Chinese and other subjects well, and emotional intelligence restricts the degree and limit of IQ. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the emotional communication between teachers and students, and emphasize that teachers and students should create a harmonious, time-saving, efficient and optimized teaching effect in the essential relationship of harmonious mutual control, so that teachers and students can immerse themselves in the teaching situation of "teaching in music" and "learning from music", learn from music, combine learning with music and think about music.
Research shows that the accumulation of emotions is an unconscious process, but it must be cultivated consciously. How to cultivate students' passionate and rich emotions? I think we can start from the following aspects:
1. Create a good classroom atmosphere
Teaching is a dynamic interpersonal process of rational and emotional interaction between teachers and students. From the perspective of non-intellectual factors, it is a special and complicated emotional experience process. In teaching, teachers strive to create a friendly, democratic and harmonious relationship between teachers and students and a relaxed and comfortable classroom atmosphere with a brand-new attitude, full eyes, friendly attitude and image, and scientific and humorous language, so that students' emotions can be presented in a colorful and lively way!
2. Create an optimized teaching situation
Emotions are always generated in certain situations, and situations play an important role in the generation of emotions. Situational teaching takes beauty as the breakthrough, emotion as the link, thinking as the core and activity as the way, which is conducive to cultivating students' rich and profound emotions. Therefore, teachers should create corresponding situations according to the content of the text to stimulate students' strong interest in learning and strong desire for knowledge, expression and exploration, so that students can learn with interest in specific situations. This is conducive to the cultivation of innovative consciousness, innovative thinking and innovative personality.
3. Excavate rich emotional materials
The texts in Chinese textbooks are all excellent works, full of the author's rich thoughts and feelings and rich emotional content. Teachers should be good at excavating emotional factors in the text, grasping touching details, revealing feelings, changing feelings by repeated reading, comparative experience and careful consideration, stirring students' heartstrings, arousing emotional waves, entering the role harmoniously, successfully realizing "emotional transfer", expressing feelings with passion and resonating. In the continuous accumulation of positive, rich and passionate emotional experience, the optimized teaching effect of educating people with emotion is obtained.
In addition, the cultivation of emotion is inseparable from the extensive contact and understanding of magnificent rivers and mountains and social life, and even needs constant tempering in extraordinary life experiences.
Third, temper the will to "keep learning"
Will is a person's personality tendency to consciously set goals, overcome internal and external difficulties, and enable activities and tasks to be successfully completed. It has a great influence on people's study, life, work and career. Positive will qualities, such as consciousness, decisiveness, self-discipline and tenacity, can promote the development of intelligence and the formation of ability, and improve the quality and effect of learning, while negative will qualities, such as blind obedience, arbitrariness, willfulness and stubbornness, will hinder the development of intelligence and reduce the effectiveness of learning. It can be seen that will is the guarantee to learn Chinese well.
Overcoming internal and external difficulties is the basic feature of will action. Only by constantly overcoming difficulties and setbacks can we form a good will quality. Teachers should seize the difficulties in students' study and life or set up difficulties, hardships and adversity appropriately to temper their willpower and psychological endurance. In addition, we can make use of the example strength of various hero models and the little things in daily study and life to consciously cultivate them and let their strong will and character gradually form.
To sum up, the purpose of new basic education is to cultivate ability, develop intelligence and creativity. Because intellectual factors can only play a role under certain conditions, and non-intellectual factors can play a role outside certain conditions, they still have strong vitality and wider adaptability under changed conditions. Therefore, only by strengthening the excavation of non-intellectual potential can we cultivate high-quality talents that meet the needs of the times and push quality education forward!
2. Non-intelligence factors and intelligence factors are relative, which refer to people's emotions, will, interests, personality, motivation, ambition, beliefs, world outlook, etc. These non-intelligence factors play a very important role in students' learning and growth. ?
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In the process of education, we emphasize quality education and students' all-round development, so the cultivation of non-intelligence factors is as important as the cultivation of intelligence factors. Education should not only "dispel doubts" but also "teach". Based on this understanding, teachers should fully explore students' non-intellectual factors and learn to expect and appreciate their potential value. ?
Cultivating students' interest is the key to learning well?
To make students have enthusiasm and enthusiasm for learning, teachers should cultivate students' interest in learning in peacetime. A wide range of hobbies and interests can enrich students' learning and make their lives full of joy. Cultivating positive interest can enrich students' knowledge and develop their intelligence. A wide range of interests can broaden students' horizons and let them know all aspects of knowledge. Cultivating students' long-term interest can not only promote their study, but also provide them with good psychological quality for their life exploration, let them play creatively and make their wisdom and creativity erupt. As students, their ideals and world outlook have not yet taken shape, so their motivation for learning depends on their own interests. If students like playing basketball, it is necessary to develop their sports expertise, because they feel that they have their own world in school, so they may tap their potential in learning cultural knowledge and achieve good academic results. If some students like to write and draw, teachers should cultivate them in this respect and let them have their own skills. As a means of earning a living in the future, quality education is not empty talk. Also, when you can use multimedia in class, try to use it as much as possible, interspersed with some interesting knowledge to cultivate students' interest, so that students can master all kinds of knowledge and develop their intelligence as much as possible, which will be of greatest help to their future lives. ?
Second, willpower is the cornerstone of students' success?
If we compare success to a tall building, then strong will and perseverance are the cornerstones of our success. Because, whether it is studying or working, it is by no means smooth sailing to achieve something. You have to go through ups and downs and overcome many difficulties to get what you want. As a student, my task is to study, but now there are many things that are more attractive and exciting than studying in the outside world, which requires teachers to cultivate students' willpower in a targeted manner. For example, let students compare who can watch TV for an hour a week and play computer for an hour to see who doesn't buy snacks at all a day; Physical education class, run around the playground to see who can challenge themselves and run more laps. Through such activities, students' willpower can be enhanced, they can overcome themselves and form good habits. Of course, the goals we set should be in line with the reality of students and their age characteristics. After the goal is determined, we should not only strictly urge students, but also encourage them to overcome difficulties, persist in activities, achieve the goal and cultivate their strong willpower. ?
Third, good mood is the catalyst for students to become talents?
Learning is boring and monotonous, so it is necessary to cultivate students' learning motivation, let them have the need and motivation to learn, let them know why they study and cultivate their goodwill. People's emotions are based on needs. When his needs are met, he will have a happy mood, and when his needs are not met, he will have a troubled mood. Therefore, first of all, we should give students a good living environment, let them feel warm, and cultivate students' healthy emotions in a harmonious, happy and United class family. While learning knowledge, we should cultivate students' corresponding feelings of love, hate, good and evil, infiltrate moral education into all aspects of teaching, cultivate students' rich emotional world, let them study happily and grow up healthily, and finally become successors of our socialist modernization. Fourth, strengthen the cultivation of students' good character?
The student period is the key period of character formation. Einstein said: "excellent personality and iron will are more important than wisdom and erudition." The maturity of intelligence depends largely on personality, and personality is often beyond people's usual understanding. " As teachers, we should lead by example, be a model, influence students with our good character, and guide students with noble character and personality charm. First of all, we should love students. Only by loving students can teachers gain their love and trust. If students are often praised, trusted and cared by teachers, they will be psychologically satisfied, and accordingly they will form a caring and caring character, as well as a dynamic and positive and optimistic character; On the contrary, if students are often indifferent, criticized and reprimanded by teachers, they will feel inferior, or even give up on themselves, forming bad characters such as inferiority and loneliness. Secondly, students should be treated fairly and equally. We should not judge people by their appearances or by their achievements. We should pay attention to the facts, otherwise it will dampen students' self-esteem and self-motivation, and even produce rebellious psychology. Third, communicate with parents more, because parents' behavior has the most direct influence on children's personality characteristics. For example, if parents spoil their children too much and do everything for them, and don't let them do what they can, their children's character will become negative, dependent, opinionated, unable to deal with emergencies, and lacking independence and endurance; In addition, parents are often noisy, families are not harmonious, children's existence is ignored, and children lack the love brought by their families, so children's personality will become indifferent and taciturn, and even eventually become depressed and withdrawn. It can be seen that the family environment is also very important for the formation of children's good character. ?
In a word, the cultivation of students' non-intelligence factors is of great help to the development of students' intelligence factors, and it is also of great help to students after entering the society. On the other hand, if we do not pay attention to the cultivation of non-intellectual factors, students will lack willpower, be surly and rebellious, and affect their physical and mental development.