I think the literacy campaign should be carried out thoroughly. It is not good that the literacy campaign has been swept away in some places. We should eliminate illiteracy in cooperation, not literacy movement, not literacy, but literacy.
1956 September 15 to 27, the eighth national congress of China was held in Beijing.
Zhou Enlai in the "report on the proposal of the second five-year plan for national economic development" stressed:
During the second five-year plan period, with the development of economic construction and the people's growing demand for culture, we will continue to work hard to eliminate illiteracy, develop primary education, develop amateur education for workers and peasants, and gradually implement the reform of writing.
In this new situation, the second climax of the literacy campaign has been set off all over the country.
195565438+In February, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League actively cooperated with the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee and made the Decision on Eliminating Illiteracy among Rural Youth in China within Seven Years.
The decision states that:
Eliminating illiteracy and semi-illiteracy, which account for about 70% of rural youth, is an important aspect of realizing the great task of agricultural cooperation and an important condition for implementing technological reform and using large-scale agricultural machinery in rural areas.
The Communist Youth League is the party's assistant in the work of eliminating illiteracy, and bears a special and significant responsibility for eliminating illiteracy.
Communist Youth League committees at all levels should make full use of all favorable conditions and actively take concrete measures to set off a mass literacy climax in rural areas throughout the country, so that the literacy movement can keep up with the development of agricultural socialist transformation.
The Central Committee of the Communist Youth League has decided to spend seven years, relying on more than 30 million rural illiterate youth, to wipe out the illiteracy of more than 70 million rural youth in China, so that about 80% of the illiterate youth in the country can get rid of illiteracy, and each person knows about 1500 words.
At the same time, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League formulated the Measures for Rewarding Young Activists in the Literacy Movement.
Unite and organize scattered rural educated youth, give full play to their role and solve teachers' literacy difficulties.
On February 6, the same year, 65438, People's Daily published an editorial entitled "Illiteracy among young and middle-aged people in China should be basically eliminated within seven years".
The editorial pointed out:
According to the requirements of socialist industrialization and agricultural cooperation, illiteracy among young people must be basically eliminated during the second five-year plan period, that is, before 1962, in other words, in the next seven years.
Illiteracy in government agencies, factories, mines and enterprises should be completely eliminated as soon as possible.
1 956 65438+1October1,the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League issued the "Notice on the Universal Establishment of Youth Literacy Teams", requiring rural youth organizations throughout the country to establish youth literacy teams and organize rural educated youth to serve as teachers and counselors in private schools, classes and literacy groups.
The Central Committee of the Communist Youth League called on the Communist Youth League committees at all levels to make full use of all favorable conditions to set off a nationwide literacy climax in rural areas throughout the country, so that literacy work can keep up with the development of agricultural socialist transformation.
Youth league committees around the country responded to the call, acted quickly, strengthened leadership, formulated plans and implemented them at different levels. As a result, nationwide, once again set off a high tide of literacy.
From the winter of 1955 to the spring of 1956, the whole country enrolled more than 60 million students, including more than 40 million young workers and peasants, mainly rural youth.
According to statistics, in the year after the autumn of 1955, 67 million people in rural areas of China were illiterate.
By 1957, there were about 30 million illiterates in China, including more than 20 million teenagers.
The Youth League assists governments at all levels and plays an active role in the literacy campaign. As the right-hand man of the Party organization, the youth league members have played an active and exemplary role in mobilizing the masses to enter schools, helping them to change their minds and guiding them to study and produce.