Preoperative guidance
1. diet: a nutritious diet with high calorie, high protein and high vitamins should be adopted to increase the tolerance of surgery.
2. Activities and rest:
(1) Avoid mental stress and bad stimulation, such as noise and emotional excitement.
② Smoking is prohibited one week before operation to prevent catching a cold.
③ During the operation, practice the posture of head and neck hyperextension, that is, lie on your back, raise the back of your neck by 10-20 with a pillow, expose your neck for about 30 minutes as far as possible, and gradually extend the time to 1-2 hours to tolerate the posture during the operation.
Postoperative guidance:
1. Take a semi-recumbent position after general anesthesia to facilitate breathing and drainage, reduce neck tension and improve breathing.
2. Keep your mouth clean and rinse your mouth twice a day.
3. Diet: cold liquid food, such as cold soybean milk and lotus root starch, can be eaten 6 hours after operation, and warm liquid food can be eaten on the first 1 day after operation, so as to constrict the neck blood vessels and reduce the chances of bleeding such as choking and swallowing by mistake. At this time, patients should be instructed to sit up and eat or take a semi-liquid or semi-solid diet.
4. Avoid coughing violently and talking too much. , so as not to cause wound bleeding and affect wound healing.
5, such as high fever, irritability, vomiting, diarrhea, rapid pulse, etc. , should immediately report to the medical staff.
6, when patients feel neck tightness, dyspnea, irritability, wet wound dressing, tell the medical staff to deal with in time.
7. When there is numbness of lips and limbs, tingling or twitching of hands and feet, notify the medical staff in time.
8. After a period of head and neck immobilization, you can start to move gradually to promote the healing of the incision.
Discharge guidance:
1, practice neck movement after removing stitches to prevent scar contraction. .
2, thyroid patients should take thyroxine tablets for life after surgery, to correctly grasp the service method, do not arbitrarily change. 3, regular review, understand the thyroid function.