Why can parents who have studied psychology better educate their children? Children are thoughtful individuals. With the growth of age and the accumulation of knowledge, children have more and more ideas, and they often don't express them directly to their parents through language. If parents have certain psychological knowledge, they can understand their children's inner thoughts by observing their behaviors and take reasonable measures to guide them, which can not only achieve better educational results, but also establish a harmonious parent-child relationship.
The process of children's growth has the characteristics of sequence, stage and imbalance. At different development stages, children have different cognitive and psychological characteristics. If parents have certain psychological knowledge, they can give targeted education to their children. They can neither violate the laws of children's physical and mental development, nor miss the critical period of children's physical and mental development. Only in this way can they help their children grow up healthily and happily.
What psychological knowledge do parents need? First, parents must understand the characteristics of children's cognitive development. Only in this way can they train their children's thinking accordingly and help them master all kinds of knowledge better. According to Piaget's theory of stages of cognitive development, children's cognitive development is divided into the following stages:
1. Children are in the nastic movement stage of 0-2 years old, and they know the outside world through their senses and actions. Therefore, parents should let their children feel the things around them by biting with their mouths, grasping with their hands and kicking with their feet.
2. Children are in the pre-operation stage during the period of 2-7 years old, and will only consider problems from their own perspective, and will also give life to everything, unable to carry out logical reasoning and reverse thinking. Therefore, parents can't ask their children to put themselves in their shoes, distinguish between living and inanimate things, and can't ask them to think without real things.
3. The child is in the specific operation stage during the period of 7- 1 1 year. They can think from other people's point of view, think reversely, and think abstractly to a certain extent, but still focus on thinking in images oriented to specific things. Therefore, parents can guide their children to train in empathy and abstract thinking, and guide them to analyze problems from different angles.
4. Children are in the stage of formal thinking after 1 1 years old, and basically have the characteristics of adult thinking. At this time, children's sense of autonomy will gradually increase, and parents should communicate and educate their children more equally.
Second, parents must understand the characteristics of children's personality development. Only in this way can they give their children proper education and guidance and help them form a sound personality. According to Eriksson's theory of stages of personality development, children's personality development is divided into the following stages:
1. The infancy of a child between 0- 1.5 years old. Parents must spend more time with their children and let them form a basic trust in the people and environment around them, otherwise their insecurity will affect their later personality development.
2. Children are in infancy at the age of 2-3. When children have the desire to try to do things independently, parents should allow them to do it, so as to cultivate their sense of autonomy and independence, otherwise they will doubt their ability because they have no chance to try, and then feel ashamed.
3. Children are in preschool period between 3 and 6 years old. Parents should encourage their children to handle things independently, especially when they encounter difficulties, and give them the courage to overcome them. Only in this way can we cultivate their awareness and ability to solve problems actively, otherwise they will become unconfident because of repeated failures.
4. The school age of children ranges from 6 years old to 12 years old. Parents should stimulate their children's interest in learning, guide them to form good study habits, and let them have the initiative and enthusiasm for learning, otherwise they will feel inferior because of poor academic performance.
5. The child is in adolescence from 12 to 18. Parents should respect their children's ideas, actively guide them to form a correct self-evaluation and treat life more responsibly, otherwise their self-awareness will be confused and their personality development will be affected.
Conclusion It is the lifelong wish of all parents to look forward to the success of their children and their daughters. Whether the parenting style is scientific or not is a problem that we can't ignore. Special attention should be paid to the study and application of psychological knowledge, not only theoretical knowledge, but also targeted education combined with children's personality characteristics. Only in this way can we achieve good educational results.