The new curriculum standard of primary school Chinese points out: "It is an important content of Chinese teaching to cultivate students' noble moral sentiment and healthy aesthetic taste, and to form correct values and positive attitude towards life. It should not be regarded as an external and additional task, but should be influenced and influenced, and these contents should be infiltrated into daily teaching work. "Therefore, in the process of Chinese teaching, teachers should not only guide students to correctly understand and use the language of the motherland, enrich language accumulation, cultivate a sense of language, develop thinking, and enable them to have literacy, writing, reading, writing and oral communication skills that meet the actual needs; We should also pay attention to improving students' moral cultivation and aesthetic taste, so that they can gradually form good personality and sound personality, and promote the harmonious development of moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education.
As the saying goes, "Without virtue, the people will not stand, and without virtue, business will not prosper", which shows the importance of "virtue". In exam-oriented education, educators only pay attention to the improvement of students' grades and ignore moral education, which leads to the backwardness of students' ideological and moral education and some social problems, so we must attach importance to moral education. Therefore, improving students' ideological and moral quality is one of the important tasks of Chinese teaching in primary schools, that is, in addition to firmly establishing the concept of teaching and educating people, we should also be good at grasping the moral education content in textbooks, choosing moral education methods and paying attention to the moderation of moral education in the teaching process, so that students can subtly improve their socialist consciousness and initially have the ability to distinguish right from wrong, good from evil, beauty and ugliness, thus achieving the goal of "teaching and educating people". Chinese teaching in primary schools contains a variety of educational models. Teachers should fully tap the teaching materials, and infiltrate students with moral education in teaching, so as to achieve the effect of "moistening things quietly". I think we should infiltrate moral education in Chinese teaching in primary schools from the following aspects:
First, correctly grasp the teaching materials and find the breakthrough point of moral education.
Chinese is not only a combination of tools, knowledge, ability and literary appreciation, but also an ideological education discipline. Its connotation broadens with the development of the times. It is not only a tool for people to communicate, think and live, but also a tool for people to know the world and learn scientific and cultural knowledge. At the same time, it has strong humanistic factors and plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating students' personality, cultivating students' emotions and forming students' sense of social responsibility. Articles, either praising truth, goodness and beauty, or lashing out at falsehood and ugliness, or portraying the author's noble character and noble personality charm, or enthusiastically eulogizing the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and the ever-changing socialist construction ... are all expressions of the author's thoughts and feelings, and contain rich ideological and moral contents. This is the unique advantage of Chinese teaching and educating people. We Chinese teachers should fully grasp this advantage of Chinese subject, actively explore how to make good use of Chinese textbooks, fully tap the moral education content in textbooks, find the breakthrough point of moral education, and strengthen the infiltration of moral education. However, in teaching practice, teachers can neither preach vaguely nor artificially set a high level, because moral education in Chinese teaching and ideological education in political lessons are not the same thing. We should avoid going to extremes in teaching practice: we should not only teach Chinese knowledge, but also blindly emphasize ideological education. It is necessary to combine education with emotion, education with reason, and be targeted. For example, when teaching "painting carambola", a student painted carambola into a five-pointed star, which aroused the laughter of the students. Finally, under the guidance of the teacher, these students finally learned the profound truth that carambola sits in different positions and has different shapes, so that students can understand that they should seek truth from facts and cannot take it for granted; Let students learn the spirit of selfless dedication when teaching Gu Jing; When teaching Xiuzi, students should know that everything is empty when they die, and they will be sad if they don't see Kyushu. Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family did not forget to tell Nai Weng about it. This well-known patriotic poem is helpful for us to understand the poet Lu You's deep and strong patriotic passion of "setting the Central Plains in the north" and dedicating himself to reunifying the motherland, so as to cultivate students' sentiments and inspire their patriotic enthusiasm ... to carry out targeted ideological education on students' outlook on life, morality, life and death, honor and disgrace, so as to gradually improve and mature their personality and understand how to be a man and what to do. This is the unshirkable responsibility of every Chinese teacher. Therefore, in Chinese teaching practice, we must thoroughly study the new curriculum standards and teaching materials and do a good job in moral education in the teaching process.
Second, correctly handle the relationship between moral education and Chinese teaching.
As a Chinese teacher, students should not only acquire the most basic Chinese literacy, but also receive ideological and moral education from it. This is determined by the nature and status of Chinese subject, and it is the historical mission entrusted to us by society and the state. Moral education in Chinese teaching should not spend too much time, and the main points should not affect Chinese teaching. This requires our Chinese teachers to correctly grasp the teaching materials and find the breakthrough point of moral education; We should also carefully study the teaching materials and handle the relationship between moral education and Chinese teaching, and we should not put the cart before the horse. Chinese teaching, in the final analysis, the improvement of Chinese literacy is the main theme and product. Moral education is only an indispensable derivative in Chinese teaching. Therefore, in teaching practice, only by correctly handling the relationship between the two can we avoid usurping the role of the host and become a mere formality. In other words, in the specific operation, teachers can't treat moral education as a program to summarize the theme of the article, can't treat it lightly, and can't be as thorough and meticulous as analyzing the article. The correct way is: in teaching, teachers should be good at grasping the key points, guiding students to analyze the language and characters that can most impress and shock them, deepening their understanding, causing resonance, and educating, influencing and shaping students in a subtle way. By highlighting the bright spots in the article, students can discover its brilliance and deeply realize the correctness of its truth or its spiritual value, so as to spread these spiritual seeds to their hearts. For example, in the lesson "Dear Friends, Goodbye", the teacher should not only teach the author how to choose materials to reflect and highlight the communist internationalism friendship between the Chinese and Korean people, but also let the students receive education in this respect while learning the text knowledge.
(1) Infiltrate moral education in the background of teaching authors
Each article has a different era and author background. It is helpful for students to preview the background of this article before class, because it can not only help students deepen their understanding of the ideological content of the article, but also make them deeply feel the sense of social responsibility and mission, know the noble character of the author, and make them involuntarily infected, which is helpful for moral education.
(2) Infiltrate moral education when reading the text.
Textbook writers choose these texts for a reason, and choose materials from all angles to achieve various educational purposes. In the process of analyzing these texts, teachers grasp the appropriate opportunity according to their contents and characteristics, and carry out moral education flexibly, so as to achieve good educational results.
1, infiltrating moral education from learning ancient poems
Poetry has been the most vivid carrier of tradition and promotion of Chinese culture since ancient times, and it is the most unique and effective way to shape China people's personality and temperament for thousands of years. Students learn about China's profound poetic culture by studying ancient poems. The language of ancient poetry is concise and incisive, and each poem is integrated with the author's feelings, thus cultivating students' thoughts and feelings of loving the language of the motherland and achieving the purpose of patriotism education. Cultivate students' sentiment by reading poems, and bathe students' hearts by accumulating ancient poems.
2. Read repeatedly and experience emotions.
The ancients said: "Read it a hundred times, and the meaning will show itself." . It means to understand the meaning of the text and grasp the author's thoughts and feelings through repeated reading. Some articles with beautiful artistic conception and strong emotion in Chinese textbooks are especially suitable for moral education through reading more. Only by reading the text thoroughly can we understand the content of the text and the thoughts and feelings of the characters well. There are many ways to read. On the premise of reading the text well, we can read it in different roles, so that students can better understand the content of the text and the inner world of the characters.
3. Understand the meaning by analyzing words and expressions.
Language is the carrier of emotion. In teaching, teachers should grasp the key words and sentences in the article and guide students to analyze them, so as to understand students' thoughts and feelings.
(3) Infiltrating moral education in Chinese practice.
Chinese comprehensive learning is an organic part of Chinese teaching, an effective way to cultivate students' practical ability and an important channel for moral education infiltration. Teachers should make full use of comprehensive learning activities to carry out moral education and further expand the content of moral education. For example, in Chinese practice homework, students can make a survey report on the situation of farmers planting peanuts, picking peanuts, weeding and spraying pesticides during peanut growth. For a simple homework, students can consult their parents, and then do this investigation report by themselves, so that students can understand the whole process of peanut planting, so as to understand the hard work of parents and achieve good moral education results.
The infiltration of moral education in Chinese teaching requires teachers to have keen insight, fully tap the moral education materials in Chinese subjects and use them flexibly, so as to naturally introduce students into a harmonious and natural emotional atmosphere and let them experience the brilliance of human nature. We should attach importance to moral education in primary education to make students more competitive in society and adapt to social progress.
Third, seriously study students and deepen the effect of moral education.
Students are the masters of learning, and any teaching activities are inseparable from their participation and interaction. So is moral education. Moral quality is students' personalized behavior, and teachers' propaganda should not replace students' moral education practice. Let students deepen their understanding and experience, feel and think, be infected by emotions, gain ideological enlightenment, enjoy aesthetic pleasure and experience the charm of moral education in active thinking and emotional activities. Only by cherishing and respecting students' unique feelings, experiences and understanding can our moral education be accepted by students and achieve the purpose of education and training. Because today's children, either only children, have a superior position in the family, won the favor of their parents, lack the spirit of caring, giving and contributing to others, are weak-willed and can't stand setbacks; Either we have a wide range of knowledge, rich life experience, strong rebellious heart and easy to disagree with teachers ... all these have brought certain difficulties to our education work. If we don't carefully analyze and study students, treat them differently, and carry out moral education in time according to the content of the text, then our Chinese teaching will not be successful and the purpose of educating people will not be achieved.
To sum up, the infiltration of moral education in Chinese teaching is a systematic project, which is a process of spiritual purification while students are learning the language and characters of the motherland. Not as direct as ideological and moral lessons. It is hidden between the lines of the article and is discovered and perceived in the process of in-depth study of the article. It is closely related to teachers' discovery, excavation, utilization and guidance, students' learning, perception, experience and practice, new curriculum standards, teaching materials and national education policies. To do a good job in moral education in Chinese teaching practice, we must study the new curriculum standard, carefully study the textbook arrangement system, dig deep into the ideological education points in the article, understand the students, pay attention to infiltrating ideological education into all links and activities of Chinese teaching, and organically combine moral cultivation with Chinese knowledge training. Through vivid images engraved in textbooks and concrete examples, students are subtly infected and edified, which not only improves their Chinese literacy, but also improves their ideological and moral quality.