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Was it Wang Guowei or Cai Yuanpei who first proposed to replace religion with aesthetic education in China?
Mr. Cai Yuanpei proposed to replace religion with aesthetic education.

According to some remarks and phenomena at that time, Mr. Cai pointed out that believing in Christianity or respecting Confucianism did not change people's quality and habits, and pointed out that the three functions of religion were "wisdom, will and affection". Wisdom was used to explain various problems that people couldn't explain at that time, and it has been solved scientifically today. Will is actually the function of moral education, which is replaced by sociology, ethics, psychology and other disciplines today; Emotion is aesthetic education, which is what we call religious art today. With the development of the times, art gradually divorced from religion, and aesthetic education also became independent, so the original role of religion changed. With science, we will have correct knowledge and morality, and we will establish our own moral outlook. But only the emotional function still exists, and aesthetic education also has the emotional education function, so aesthetic education can completely replace religion. This is the most basic meaning of Mr. Cai that I understand. I guess it may be that Mr. Cai has realized the important role of aesthetic education in a person's life, or that Mr. Cai wants to change the concept of Chinese people in another way, and then change the fate of the nation, because Mr. Cai clearly pointed out that the role of aesthetic education is "enough to judge people's opinions and care about gains and losses", and aesthetic education is utilitarian education, which can break prejudice.