Gangcha county [gangcha county] Qinghai Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is one of the key counties of animal husbandry around the lake. Located in the west of Honshu, on the north bank of Qinghai Lake. Shaliuhe Township, the county resident, is kilometers away from the state resident 1 10, with a population of 29,000, mainly Tibetans, accounting for 72.4% of the total population, as well as Han, Mongolian, Hui, Dongxiang and other ethnic groups. Area1.2000 km2. Jurisdiction over 5 townships. In ancient times, it was Qiang land. From the Western Han Dynasty to the third year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1725), it belonged to Xihai County, where there were Si and Tubo. The commander of Marshal Xuan's mansion, 100 households in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the ministries of East Mongolia stationed in animal husbandry, and Mongolia compiled 5 29 flags. In the sixth year of the Republic of China (19 17), he served as the director of Dulan, and on the eve of liberation, he was "Gangcha Qianhu District". The People's Management Committee of Gangcha District was established in 1950. 1952 gangcha district working Committee was established. Gangcha county was founded in 1953. Located in the middle of Datong Mountain in Qilian Mountain. The mountains in the north are continuous and the terrain in the south is low, forming a trapezoidal terrain inclined from northwest to southeast. Datong Mountain runs across the northern part of the county and will be the whole territory.

social development

Divided into two directions: east and west. Huangshui River and Datong River basins in the north, and Qinghai Lake water system in the south. The main rivers in the territory are Moeller River, Coxe River, Jiangcang River, Liusha River, Bahawulan River, Buha River, Hargil River and Gil Meng He. It belongs to the plateau continental climate, with an average annual temperature of -0.6℃ and an annual precipitation of 370 mm. The main mineral deposits are coal, iron, copper, silver and uranium. Industries include tanning, building materials and raw coal mining. Pure animal husbandry county, grazing Tibetan sheep, semi-fine wool sheep, yak, horse and so on. There are wild animals such as deer, musk deer, Ma Xiong, fox, rock sheep and marmot, and wild medicinal plants such as bezoar, cordyceps sinensis, notopterygium root, astragalus root and Bupleurum root. Qinghai Lake is rich in yellow croaker. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway runs through the whole territory, and the Qinghai-Tibet Highway and Huangyuan-Jiayuguan Highway pass through the territory, with convenient transportation. There are 8 middle schools (including factories and mines) and 9 medical and health institutions. There are "North Xiangyang Ancient City", "Shebuqigou Rock Painting" and "Halon Rock Painting" in the Han Dynasty as provincial cultural relics protection units. Bird Island, located 62km southwest of Qinghai Lake, is one of the eight bird nature reserves in China. There are more than 30 kinds of migratory birds, such as striped goose, brown goose and swan. Bird Island is not only a scientific research base for birds and animals, but also a famous tourist attraction at home and abroad.

natural resource

Gangcha is rich in natural resources and has a vast grassland with a total area of13.655 million mu. Known as the "promised land", it is one of the key pastoral areas around the lake in Qinghai Province. The county's usable grassland area is 6.5438+0.0863 million mu, accounting for 88.96% of the total land area. The distribution of natural grassland in the county is closely related to environmental conditions such as topography and climate, and it can be divided into six categories: alpine meadow, mountain meadow and upland meadow. The main plants are Yanagi Takayama, Caragana sagittata, Lujin and Tamarix chinensis.

There are many kinds of wild animals in Gangcha, which are rich in resources and widely distributed. There are 20 species, including white-lipped deer, red deer, brown bear, snow leopard, argali and jade belt seahawk. Located in the south of the county seat, Bird Island Nature Reserve in Qinghai Lake is world-famous. Birds fly from the far south in early spring, build nests and lay eggs, hatch and nurse young birds, and then fly back to the south in droves in late autumn. There are 163 species of spotted geese, black-necked cranes, brown-headed gulls and big swans. Qinghai Lake is rich in naked carp, commonly known as yellow croaker, and is rich in fishery resources. There are more than 300 kinds of economic and medicinal plants in the county. It is famous for its cordyceps sinensis, Saussurea involucrata, seabuckthorn, mushrooms and other edible plants and fungi.

Gangcha is rich in mineral resources, widely distributed, rich in reserves and high in grade. The proven reserves are 6,543.8+0.45 billion tons, the coal is of high quality, shallow burial and easy exploitation, and the reserves of ferrous metal ore and iron ore are 633,700 tons. Copper, silver and uranium are rich in reserves, and the development prospect of rare metals is broad. The reserves of limestone, silica and quartzite are more than 654.38 billion tons, and rock gold, lead, zinc and manganese also have mining value. Domestic groundwater reserves110 billion cubic meters, annual runoff130.3 billion cubic meters. The water quality is good and has the value of development and utilization. Natural mineral water with large flow and excellent quality is a rare high-quality mineral spring drink in China.

Scenic tourism

Qinghai Lake is the largest inland saltwater lake in China, with an area of 4,635 square kilometers, which is 1.5 times larger than Dongting Lake, and it is surrounded by more than 360 kilometers. It is said that it used to take ten days to ride a horse, and even today's jeep takes one day to go around the lake. In Mongolian, Qinghai Lake is called "Kukunod", and in Tibetan, it is called "Cuowenbu", which means blue sea and has the same meaning as Chinese. In history, the Qiang people also called Qinghai Lake "Mibihe Qianghai", and in Han literature, it was also called "Fresh Water" and "Xianhai". Of course Qinghai is the most common. It was not until 1929 that Qinghai was established as a province that the word "lake" was added to distinguish it from the name of the province. People think that Qinghai Lake is the "West Lake", and until now, the old people in the basin still call it the "West Sea". Qinghai Lake is also a famous historical lake. Beautiful lakes and mountains and fertile lakeside grasslands have always made Qinghai Lake a battleground for military strategists. In order to compete for this treasure trove of geomantic omen, there have been many wars around Qinghai Lake in history. As early as before the Han Dynasty, Qiang people lived nomadic here, so they were collectively called "Qianghai". At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang set up Xihai County by the lake to build a city for defense. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Xianbei Yi Fu tribe owned Qinghai Lake, and its leader was called "King of Qinghai".

Along the confluence of the Yiwulan River and the Ennai River in the north, in front of the towering Dedan Lengbao Mountain, there are strange flowers and plants and deep valleys. Here, Gangcha Temple is built, which is located 25 kilometers north of Gangcha County. On April 5th 198 1, the temple was reopened and a lace white cloth tent was used as a temporary mourning hall. The masses actively gave alms, and in 1982, the temple was rebuilt in the former site of the old Jingtang, covering an area of 528 square meters. The newly-built Dajing Hall is more magnificent than the original one, with 50 halls up and down. The Maitreya Hall, the Buddha's Mother Hall covered with a white umbrella, the Tara Hall, the Dharma Temple and the "Jiwa" are all built around Dajing Hall. There are also three white and beautiful pagodas in the temple. Brilliant Falun on the spine of Dajingtang, exquisite umbrella, deer running. The temple is carved with beams and painted buildings, with embroidered columns and horizontal cushions. Hundreds of Buddha statues are placed in the wall, cigarettes are around, and Buddha lanterns are bright. There are more than 30 murals and more than 20 Buddha statues in the Buddhist temple. Plastic is "Deqin Zhihua" on the left and "Jiyaba" on the right. On both sides, thousands of buddhas stand side by side.

General situation of villages and towns

Shaliuhe Township [Liushahe Township] gangcha county Township, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Located in the south of the county seat. The population is 9,000, mainly Han, and there are also ethnic minorities such as Tibetans and Hui, among which Tibetans account for 46% of the total population. The area is 0. 1 10,000 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 7 village (animal husbandry) committees in Xinhai, Sinai, Guoluocang Magong, Panbao, Hongshan, Gaqu and Hedong. 1957 established Shaliuhe Township, 1958 merged with Yiwulan District to form Yiwulan Commune, 1962 changed to Shaliuhe Township, 1969 changed to Shaliuhe Commune, and 1984 changed to Shaliuhe Township. Located in the lakeside plain, Wayin River and Liusha River cross the border. Industry includes coal mining, construction and building materials. Mainly animal husbandry, raising yak, Tibetan sheep and kurama. The simple highway is connected with the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, with convenient transportation.

Gangcha county Township, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Located in the south of the county seat, 4 kilometers away from the county seat. The population is 4,000, mainly Tibetans, accounting for 98% of the total population. The area is 0. 1 10,000 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over six pastoral committees: Ma Gong, Yaxiu, Yagongma, Shangmuduo, Jiaoshike Ma Gong and Jiaoshike Matthew. 1957 established Iku Lan District, 1958 merged Iku Lan Commune with Shaliuhe Township, 1962 changed to Iku Lan Township, 1969 changed to Iku Lan Commune, and 1984 changed to Iku Lan Township. Located in the lakeside plain, Tangmuduo River flows into Qinghai Lake through the territory. Mineral resources include coal, copper, silver, uranium and limestone. Mainly in animal husbandry, raising Tibetan sheep, yaks and horses. Qinghai-Tibet (Tibet) railway and highway pass through the territory, with convenient transportation.

Hargeer Township [Hallgeir Township] gangcha county Township, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Located in the south of the county seat, 27 kilometers away from the county seat. The population is 7,000, mainly Tibetans, accounting for 8 1% of the total population. It covers an area of 2000 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 8 village (animal husbandry) committees in Gonggongma, Yaxiuma, Huancang Matthew, Guoluo, Zangxiuma, Qiecha, Chala and Tangqu. 1958 established Hargeer district, and changed to Hargeer commune in the same year. 1962 was Hargeer township, 1969 was Haggai commune, and 1984 was Hargeer township. Located on the lakeside plain. Hargil River flows into Qinghai Lake. Mineral resources include coal and silver. Mainly in animal husbandry, raising Tibetan sheep, yaks and horses. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway runs through the whole territory with convenient transportation.

Quanji Township [Quanji Township] gangcha county Township, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Located in the southwest of the county seat, 25 kilometers away from the county seat. The population is 4000, mainly Tibetans, accounting for 78% of the total population. The area is 0. 1 10,000 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over six animal husbandry committees, namely, Hemao, Zhasu River, Niannai SOMA, Ningxia, Cheji and Xinquan. Quanji District was established in 1954 and changed to Quanji Commune 1958, Quanji Township 1962, Quanji Commune 1969 and Quanji Township 1984. Quanji River is located in the lakeside plain and flows into Qinghai Lake. Mineral resources include coal, copper, silver and gold. Mainly in animal husbandry, raising Tibetan sheep, yaks and horses. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway runs through the whole territory with convenient transportation.

[Jirmen Township]: gangcha county, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Located in the southwest of the county seat, 52 kilometers away from the county seat. The population is 2000, mainly Tibetans, accounting for 90% of the total population. The area is 0. 1 10,000 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over five animal husbandry committees: Rimang, Huancang Horse Workers, Xiangyang, Xiunao Horse Workers and Xiunaoma. 1958, Rimang, Huangcang Magong, Sigeleng and other villages were set aside from Quanji District, and Jirmeng District was established. In the same year, it was changed to Jirmeng Commune, and in 1984, it was changed to Jirmeng Township. Jill Meng He is located in the lakeside plain, which flows into the Buha River and then into Qinghai Lake. Mainly in animal husbandry, raising Tibetan sheep, yaks and horses. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway runs through the whole territory with convenient transportation. There are "North Xiangyang Ancient City", "Shebuqigou Rock Painting" and "Halon Rock Painting" in the territory, which are provincial-level cultural relics protection units.

On June 9, 2002 1,1,the State Ethnic Affairs Commission named gangcha county as the eighth batch of national demonstration zones for national unity and progress.

On February 2, 2020, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced the second batch of national tourism demonstration zones, and gangcha county was on the list.

On July 29th, 2020, the national patriotic health campaign committee reconfirmed gangcha county as the national health township (county) in 2020.

On February 6, 20 16, gangcha county was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 15.