Analysis:
The word "six books" comes from Zhou Li: "Bao Zhang remonstrates the evil of the king, while raising the son of the country with Tao is to teach six arts: one says five rites; Second, six music; Three shots and five shots; Four days and five days; Five words and six books; Six equals nine; " . However, Zhou Li only described the term "Six Books", but did not explain it.
Xu Shen, a scholar of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, wrote in Shuo Wen Jie Zi: "Li Zhou entered primary school at the age of eight, and there were only six books. One is the object: the object can be identified by vision and can be seen by observation. The same is true of' up' and' down'. Second, pictographic characters: pictographic characters, painted as objects, follow the body,' day' and' month' are also. Third, form and sound: form and sound, in the name of things, complement each other with examples,' Jiang' and' River' are also. Fourth, know each other: those who know each other are more friendly than others to see what they mean? " Wu "and" Xin "are both. Wuyue changed his mind: he changed his mind, composed music, and agreed to accept each other, as did Kao and Lao. 6. Borrowing: Borrowers have nothing to say, and they rely on their voices to excuse themselves. "Preface" and "Long" are the same. Xu Shen's explanation is the first time in history to formally record the definition of Six Books. Xu Yi is still the core of the interpretation of the Six Books in later generations.
[Editor] Interpretation of Six Structural Provisions
[edit] pictogram
It belongs to the "single word-making method". Outline the shape characteristics of the object to be expressed with lines or strokes of words. For example, the word "moon" looks like the shape of a curved moon, the word "turtle" looks like the side shape of a turtle, the word "horse" is a horse with four legs, the word "fish" is a swimming fish with a head, a body and a tail, and the word "snake" (the original word of grass) is two sokcho and the word "door". The word "sun" is like a circle with a little bit in the middle, much like the shape we see when we look directly at the sun.
[Editor] refers to things.
It belongs to the "single word-making method". The main difference from hieroglyphics is that signifiers contain more abstract things in painting. For example, the word "blade" is marked by adding a point to the sharpness of "knife"; The word "fierce" is to add a cross symbol to the trap; "Up" and "Down" are symbols painted above or below the subject "I"; "Three" is indicated by three horizontal lines. The sketches of these characters all have more abstract parts.
[Edit] Audio and Video
It belongs to the "combined word-making method". Pictophonetic characters are composed of pictophonetic characters (also called "semantic symbols") and notes (also called "notes"). The shape side indicates the meaning or category of words, and the sound side indicates that the pronunciation of words is the same or similar. For example, the word "Sakura" has a "wood" beside its shape, indicating that it is a kind of tree, and the word "baby" beside its sound indicates that its pronunciation is the same as the word "baby"; The word "bamboo" next to the "basket" means bamboo products, and the word "prison" next to the sound means that its pronunciation is similar to the word "prison"; Below the word "tooth" is the shape side, drawing the shape of the tooth, and the word "stop" above is the sound side, indicating that the pronunciation of the word is similar.
[Editor] Yes.
It belongs to the "combined word-making method". A cognitive word is composed of two or more independent words, which are combined to express the meaning of the word with form or meaning. For example, combine the word "wine" with liquid "water" to express meaning; The split of the word "solution" means to separate the "cow" from the "horn" with a knife. Song refers to the sound of birds, so it is composed of mouth and bird.
[Editor] Zhu Zhu
It belongs to "using Chinese characters". Different regions have different names for the same thing because of different pronunciations and geographical barriers. These two words are used to mean the same thing, and when they have the same meaning, they will have the same radicals or components. For example, the original meaning of the words "Kao" and "Lao" are elders; "Top" and "top" both mean the top of the head; The original meaning of "Qiao" and "Kong" is Kong. These words have the same radical (or component) and analysis, and also have phonetic correspondence.
[Editor] The use of six books
In fact, there were no six books before the ancients made Chinese characters. Because Chinese characters had developed quite systematically in Shang Dynasty, there were no records about six books at that time. Liu Shu is a system for later generations to analyze and summarize Chinese characters. However, when the "Six Books" system came into being, people used this system as the basis when creating new words. It seems that "Yi" and "Yue" are pictophonetic words, "concave", "convex" and "Yue" are demonstrative words, and "Yi" and "Yue" are cognitive words.
In Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze, hieroglyphics are the majority. This is because drawing things is the most direct way to create words. However, with the development of characters, more and more things need to be carefully divided, such as "carp", "shad", "shad" and "loach", all of which are fish, and it is difficult to draw their characteristics and differences carefully by pictographic methods. Therefore, pictophonetic characters have become the most convenient method. As long as you use the word "fish" next to the shape, you can explain their genus, and then distinguish these words with similar pronunciation. In modern times, 80% of Chinese characters are pictophonetic characters.