Common sense of labor safety 1. What is labor safety knowledge?
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What is labor protection?
Labor protection refers to taking organizational and technical measures to eliminate bad conditions and behaviors that endanger personal safety and health, prevent accidents and occupational diseases, and protect the safety and health of workers in the process of labor according to national laws and regulations, relying on technological progress and scientific management. The contents include labor safety, labor hygiene, protection of female workers, protection of underage workers, working hours and vacation system, etc.
2. The origin of the eight-hour work system
The right to an eight-hour working day was obtained in May 1886 and 1 through a big * * held by about 350,000 workers in the United States.
3. What is the responsibility system for production safety?
The responsibility system for safe production is a system in which leading functional departments, engineers and technicians at all levels and post operators are responsible for safe production in the process of labor production, and it is an important organizational measure to ensure safe production.
4. What are the three laws and regulations?
The three laws and regulations refer to the Regulations on Safety and Hygiene in Factories, the Technical Regulations on Safety in Construction and Installation Projects, and the Provisions on Reporting Casualty Accidents of Workers.
5. What are the five rules?
Refers to the "Several Provisions on Strengthening the Work Safety of Enterprises", including (1) the responsibility system for production safety; (2) Work out the plan of labor protection measures; (3) safety production education (4) regular inspection of safety production; (5) Investigation and handling of casualty accidents.
6. What are working hours?
Working hours refer to the time that workers should work within a certain period of time (working day, working week) according to law. Include that actual working time of worker, the necessary preparation and ending time of workers before production or work, the intermittent time that is harmful to health continuously and the breastfeeding time of female workers.
7. What is a standard working day?
The standard working day refers to the working day stipulated by law and executed by ordinary employees under normal circumstances. At present, the standard working hours in China are 8 hours a day and 40 hours a week. Work five days a week and have two days off.
8. What is overtime?
According to administrative orders and requirements, employees who work on statutory holidays and public holidays are called overtime, and employees who work beyond standard days are called overtime.
9. What are casualties?
Casualty accident refers to the personal injury and acute poisoning accident of enterprise employees in the process of production and labor.
10. What is temporary disability?
Temporary disability refers to the injury and injury that the poisoned person is temporarily unable to work in the original post.
1 1. What is permanent partial disability?
Permanent disability refers to the damage and irreversible loss of function of the limbs or some organs of the poisoned person.
12. What is the contrast color stipulated by the state? What is the contrast color corresponding to the safety color?
The contrast color stipulated by the state is black and white. The safety color and its related contrast color are red and white; Yellow and black; Blue and white; Green-white.
13. What are the national security colors?
The national security colors are red, blue, yellow and green. Meaning: red means prohibition and stop (also means fire prevention); Blue indicates instructions; Rules that must be observed; Yellow indicates warning and attention; Green means passing quickly and safely.
14. What are the requirements for using toxic and harmful raw materials?
In the production process, when toxic and harmful raw materials must be used, comprehensive preventive measures should be taken from the aspects of management and safety protection of production equipment and production technology in addition to mechanization and automation in technology, so as to make them meet the national labor safety and health standards.
15. Under what circumstances can working hours be shortened?
Engaged in serious toxic operations and particularly heavy manual labor, working hours should be appropriately shortened, and generally 4 to 6 hours working days should be implemented.
2. The importance of safety knowledge
What is safety? For a person, safety means health. For a family, safety means harmony. For an enterprise, safety is development. For a country, security means strength. What does security mean for the Gulf region? This is life! As the old saying goes, "A levee of a thousand miles collapses in an ant's nest", which means that although it is a small problem, it may lead to the overall failure. If we compare the operation and development of the whole group to a levee of a thousand miles, then the safety problem lies in that small ant hole. If the safety work is not done well, all the work is meaningless. "People-oriented, safety first" is the theme of this year's "Safety Production Activity Month". With the economic development and social progress, people's life value is paid more and more attention. It can be said that the theme of this year's activities is more humanized, and the safety in production is people-oriented, aiming at protecting the life safety and health of workers, which embodies the advanced thought and scientific concept of people-oriented. Economic development cannot be at the expense of workers' life safety. Under the guidance of the group's undivided attention to development and construction, we must put safety first and prevention first in all work. Really cherish life and work safely. At present, our enterprise needs security. As a special industry, tobacco includes not only the labor safety of workers, but also the operation safety of water, electricity, gas and various machinery, electronics and other equipment. In addition, most of the raw and auxiliary materials are flammable, explosive and moldy, and there are many unpredictable safety hazards. It can be said that safety responsibility is more important than Mount Tai. The ultimate goal of an enterprise is to obtain economic benefits. Safety is the greatest benefit. Safety is the greatest saving. Any neglect of security risks will inevitably bring huge economic losses to enterprises. In this sense, security is wealth, resources and productivity. Therefore, as far as enterprises are concerned, safety should be put in the first place in all work, and all employees should not relax. When there is a contradiction between safety and production schedule, safety should be obeyed. When there is a contradiction between safety and daily management, we should obey safety, and when there is a contradiction between safety and personal interests, we should obey safety even more. At present, our enterprise must be safe. Safety work should focus on implementation, treat minor problems as major problems, strictly rectify and reform, change our way of thinking, improve our working methods and management methods, so that every cadre and worker does not want to violate safety regulations, cannot violate safety regulations, and dares to violate safety regulations. Improve their ideological understanding. Strengthen safety knowledge education, enhance the sense of responsibility, make every cadre and worker know the importance of safety work, enhance the awareness of prevention and self-discipline, consciously abide by safety laws and regulations, actively improve the ability to avoid all kinds of accidents, and effectively avoid accidents. The rules and regulations formulated by the group company should be rigorous, meticulous and practical, and the supervision should be regular, institutionalized and standardized. After the assessment, rewards and punishments should be honored according to regulations, so that safety laws and regulations and enterprise rules and regulations can be truly implemented. Strengthen seriousness, rigidity and punishment, and eliminate potential safety hazards in the bud. Leading cadres sign letters of responsibility from top to bottom and implement a serious accountability system. If they don't shirk their responsibility for the accident, they will be dismissed if they should be dismissed, and the compensation will never compromise. At present, our enterprise must be safe. Under the leadership of the group, whoever is in charge is responsible, ensuring strict and clear responsibility system and establishing perfect security. Improving and enhancing the safety awareness of all employees is the premise. Strengthen the study of safety knowledge, pay attention to the warning education of safety cases, and form a good atmosphere of "everyone stresses safety, top-down pays attention to safety, and everyone is safe". As the saying goes, "the big ship depends on the helmsman", and leadership is the key. Although leaders are responsible for very important work, to do a good job in safety, we still need to change our concepts, strengthen our awareness and raise our awareness. Give priority to prevention and eliminate potential safety hazards in time. Regular inspection to prevent all kinds of accidents; The system is sound, the responsibility is clear, and there is no small matter in safety work. In leadership work, we should not report any luck, increase investment in safety facilities, make civil air defense, physical defense and technical defense work together, regard every workshop and every post as an insurmountable safety barrier, resolutely eliminate hidden dangers of accidents, and let employees truly "come to work happily and go home safely". In short, such leaders are called public servants. We should practice the important thought of "* * *" and be highly responsible for the country and the people. We should always put the word "safety" in the first place to do all the work well, deploy, check and really implement the safety work, nip in the bud, put an end to accidents, and let natural and man-made disasters have no opportunity. We can contribute to promoting the development of enterprises and ensuring the smooth realization of various work objectives, and safeguard society.
3. Pupils' labor knowledge
Primary school students' labor education: (1) Correctly handle the relationship between labor education and labor practice.
Labor practice is the foundation of labor education. Labor class should focus on labor practice, integrate ideological education with labor practice, organically combine ideological education with cultivating good behavior habits and mastering knowledge and skills, and make labor a powerful educational means. Strive to achieve the unity of practicality and education.
(2) Strengthen on-site teaching. Pay attention to the choice of venue, prepare tools, and let students better master the teaching content through demonstration and operation.
(3) adjust measures to local conditions. Arrange different labor contents, projects and organizational forms according to local actual conditions.
But no matter which way is adopted, the teaching time must be guaranteed and cannot be used for other purposes. (4) Strengthen contact with society and parents of students.
Organize students to visit factories, shops and rural areas in a planned and purposeful way to broaden their horizons. Some labor projects can organize students to go home for internships.
You can also invite local experienced workers, farmers, scientific and technological personnel and parents of students to guide students' labor. (5) Actively carry out extracurricular activities to realize the combination of in-class and extracurricular activities.
Through these activities, children are good at using their brains and working hard, which cultivates their interest in labor, stimulates their enthusiasm for learning and develops their creativity. (6) Strengthen discipline and safety education.
Teachers must participate in organizing students' work and carry it out under the guidance of teachers. We should do a good job in labor protection and pay attention to the combination of work and rest.
Arrange labor projects to take care of disadvantaged students. Educate students to strictly abide by operating rules, pay attention to labor hygiene and ensure labor safety.
(7) Do it yourself and actively improve the teaching conditions. (8) Evaluate.
The teaching methods of primary school labor include lectures, talks, discussions, demonstrations, demonstrations, visits, simulations, experiments, design and production, etc. Extended data:
Labor and value: Productivity is human's labor ability, human's practical ability and the essential force of production.
From the original point of view, productivity is a person with the ability to work, and the combination of labor with means of production and human development gives human beings the ability to transform nature. Australopithecus transformed into human beings through labor and formed labor productivity, which is the symbol of the formation of productivity and the beginning of history.
Engels' views on biological evolution and labor evolution are based on the scientific level. The so-called productivity, in a complete sense, is the ability of human beings to conquer nature, transform society and shape themselves. In the final analysis, it is the full development of man's essential strength in history.
Any dissipative structure has certain self-organization ability. In the process of self-organization, on the one hand, information (including positive value information and negative value information) is formed through genetic variation, on the other hand, information is selected through the way of survival of the fittest, and information is stored and disseminated through genetic inheritance. The accumulation of biological information makes the coherence and coordination between biological organizations and individuals stronger and stronger, the structure of each organization is more and more refined, and the cooperation between individuals is more and more harmonious.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Primary School Labor Education Law Baidu Encyclopedia-Labor.
4. What safety education do workers need?
Safety education in accordance with relevant laws and regulations mainly includes:
1. Conduct "three-level" safety education for new workers. The so-called "three levels" are factory education, workshop education and team education. On-site education means that after new workers arrive at the factory, the labor wage or personnel department and the education department are responsible for organizing and arranging, and the safety technology department carries out safety knowledge education, and can only be assigned to the workshop (team) after passing the examination; Workshop education means that the workshop (team) director (captain) or the person in charge of safety is responsible for safety education. Only after passing the examination can they be assigned to the team. Team education is the safety technology education in which the team leader or class safety officer is responsible for the actual operation.
2. Education of special operators. In addition to the "three-level" education for new workers entering the factory, special education is also given to special operators. Special operators refer to those who are prone to casualties at work, endangering not only their own safety, but also the safety of others, such as electricians, cranes, welding, vehicle drivers, blasting and other operators. Special operators should not only receive special safety education, but also obtain safety qualification certificate before they can work independently.
3. New jobs and new technology education. When adopting new production methods, adding new technical equipment, manufacturing new products or changing workers' jobs, workers must be given safety education on new jobs and new operation methods.
4. Regularly educate workers about the safety operation procedures of this post and related safety and health laws and regulations.
5. The education of administrative and technical management cadres at all levels is mainly about occupational safety and health regulations, safety technical knowledge and work experience and lessons.
5. What is labor safety?
Labor safety refers to the prevention of accidents that endanger the personal safety of workers, such as poisoning, car accident, electric shock, collapse, explosion, fire, falling from a height and mechanical injury.
The issue of labor safety has a strong internal essence. For example, due to the lack of knowledge and information about safe production, coupled with oversupply in the labor market, workers are at a disadvantage in trading;
On the other hand, enterprises can make use of their own information and trading advantages, regardless of the dangerous degree of working environment and conditions, so that workers can engage in extremely risky work without security. Because workers lack information about workplace safety, they passively accept costs that are not reflected in the terms of the transaction.
Extended data:
The role of labor safety:
1. Determine the sales target and budget according to the company's strategic planning.
2. According to the sales target and budget, make the sales plan and corresponding sales strategy.
3. Allocate relevant resources according to the sales plan and strategy (including establishing sales organization and training sales staff).
4. The exchange function is the activity of realizing commodity exchange with the market as the place and intermediary. Under the condition of commodity economy, commodity producers sell commodities, consumers buy commodities, and operators buy and sell commodities through the market.
Baidu encyclopedia-labor safety
6. What labor safety and health conditions should the workplace have?
The workplace should meet these labor safety and health conditions: (1) The workplace should be kept clean, raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products must be packed firmly, waste materials and wastes should be removed in time, and tools should be stored in a fixed location.
(2) The roads in the factory (field) area should be smooth and smooth; At bends, intersections and areas where important operations are needed, obvious traffic signs and warning signs must be set. The erection of pipelines, lines and bridges, fixed steel straight ladders, inclined ladders and fixed industrial platforms on passages shall conform to national standards.
Temporary bridges should be strong and equipped with handrails and anti-skid facilities. The greening of the factory (field) area shall comply with the relevant provisions of safety production.
(3) The pits, mouths, ditches and pools needed for production must be covered or fenced. Guardrails should be set for pits and ditches excavated during construction, and warning lights should be set at night and in poor visibility weather.
(4) The building must be solid, and its structure conforms to safety regulations. The load of stacked items shall not exceed the design load of the building.
It is forbidden to use the roof truss or roof beam which is not allowed by the design as the hanging beam frame. Production houses shall comply with relevant national design codes, and it is forbidden to share or connect production and storage houses with residential houses.
(5) The workplaces where water, grease or other liquids often exist should have drainage, anti-skid, anti-corrosion and anti-seepage facilities. (6) The layout of machines, work tables and other equipment and facilities should be convenient for workers to operate.
The channel width shall not be less than1m. When lifting the platform, a fence should be set up, and the height of the fence should not be lower than 1.
05 meters. Dangerous gaps in mechanical equipment or assembly lines should be closed with fences; When crossing is needed for work, a safety bridge should be set up.
(7) The light in the workplace and local lighting in the workplace shall meet the design standards for daylighting and lighting. (8) Indoor workplaces must have good ventilation conditions.
When the indoor working temperature reaches the national high and low temperature operation standard, cooling or heating measures should be taken. (9) Protective measures such as sun protection, cold protection, rain protection, wind protection and lightning protection should be taken in open-air workplaces, and workers who have been engaged in open-air operations for a long time should be provided with rest places.
(10) Under overhead transmission lines, lifting machinery operation is prohibited; When lifting on one side, a specified safe distance must be kept; In other operations, measures should be taken to prevent electric shock. (1 1) When the gust is above 6, open-air operation or hoisting is not allowed.
When emergency repairs are needed due to faults, disasters or special production operations, corresponding safety measures must be taken. (12) A safe distance must be demarcated in the blasting operation site, warning signs should be set up, and special personnel should be assigned for warning.
(13) When working in holes, pits, pipes, containers, cabins and other places with poor air, protective measures such as ventilation, exhaust, detection and special supervision should be taken.
7. What are the contents of labor safety and health regulations?
Labor hygiene laws and regulations refer to various legal norms formulated by the state to protect the health of employees in the process of production and work, and to prevent and eliminate occupational diseases and various occupational hazards.
Occupational disease refers to the diseases of human organs caused by harmful working background and long-term influence of working conditions in the process of labor. With the development of modern industry, the legal protection of labor hygiene will occupy a more important position.
Its main contents are: 1, provisions on preventing dust hazards. Labor hygiene laws and regulations require all production units, where there is a dust working environment, to strive to realize the mechanization and sealing of production equipment, and set up dust suction, dust filtration and ventilation equipment.
2, to prevent the harm of harmful toxic substances. In the process of labor production, the long-term effects of toxic and harmful gases and liquids will seriously damage the safety and health of workers.
Therefore, the "Regulations on Labor Hygiene" strictly stipulates the maximum allowable concentration of harmful and toxic substances in the workplace environment, such as carbon monoxide not exceeding 30 mg per cubic meter and HCH not exceeding 0. 1 mg per cubic meter. 3. Measures to prevent noise and strong light.
Noise and strong light generated in the working environment such as connection, forging, welding and smelting have adverse effects on workers' vision and hearing. Labor and health regulations require that the working environment should be equipped with silencing equipment, and workers should be equipped with personal protective equipment when operating.
4, heatstroke prevention and cold protection regulations. When operating, the temperature of the environment should be adjusted uniformly, and high temperature and cold have adverse effects on workers. The factory safety and health regulations stipulate that when the indoor workplace temperature is often higher than 35 degrees Celsius, cooling measures should be taken; When it is below 5 degrees Celsius, heating equipment shall be provided.
5, ventilation and lighting regulations. There should be sufficient light in the workplace, and the lighting part should not be blocked.
The passage should have sufficient lighting. 6, the provisions of the personal protective equipment.
Engaged in operations that are dangerous for burns, scalds or mechanical injuries, and operated under the conditions of intense radiant heat or low temperature, and distributed protective articles such as work clothes, working caps, masks, gloves, leg protectors, shoe covers, protective glasses, gas masks and cold-proof articles in accordance with the operation regulations that release toxic, infectious and large amounts of dust and often make clothes corrode, damp or particularly dirty. 7, employee health management regulations.
Patients with occupational diseases must be reviewed and identified regularly. Patients with silicosis are reviewed once a year, and patients with asbestosis, coal silicosis and other pneumoconiosis are reviewed once every two years.
8. Safety knowledge is in urgent need, and it should be brief, preferably no more than 200 words.
What is labor protection?
Labor protection refers to taking organizational and technical measures to eliminate bad conditions and behaviors that endanger personal safety and health, prevent accidents and occupational diseases, and protect the safety and health of workers in the process of labor according to national laws and regulations, relying on technological progress and scientific management. The contents include labor safety, labor hygiene, protection of female workers, protection of underage workers, working hours and vacation system, etc.
2. The origin of the eight-hour work system
The right to an eight-hour working day was obtained in May 1886 and 1 through a big * * held by about 350,000 workers in the United States.
3. What is the responsibility system for production safety?
The responsibility system for safe production is a system in which leading functional departments, engineers and technicians at all levels and post operators are responsible for safe production in the process of labor production, and it is an important organizational measure to ensure safe production.
4. What are the three laws and regulations?
The three laws and regulations refer to the Regulations on Safety and Hygiene in Factories, the Technical Regulations on Safety in Construction and Installation Projects, and the Provisions on Reporting Casualty Accidents of Workers.
5. What are the five rules?
Refers to the "Several Provisions on Strengthening the Work Safety of Enterprises", including (1) the responsibility system for production safety; (2) Work out the plan of labor protection measures; (3) safety production education (4) regular inspection of safety production; (5) Investigation and handling of casualty accidents.
6. What are working hours?
Working hours refer to the time that workers should work within a certain period of time (working day, working week) according to law. Include that actual working time of worker, the necessary preparation and ending time of workers before production or work, the intermittent time that is harmful to health continuously and the breastfeeding time of female workers.
7. What is a standard working day?
The standard working day refers to the working day stipulated by law and executed by ordinary employees under normal circumstances. At present, the standard working hours in China are 8 hours a day and 40 hours a week. Work five days a week and have two days off.
8. What is overtime?
According to administrative orders and requirements, employees who work on statutory holidays and public holidays are called overtime, and employees who work beyond standard days are called overtime.
9. What are casualties?
Casualty accident refers to the personal injury and acute poisoning accident of enterprise employees in the process of production and labor.
10. What is temporary disability?
Temporary disability refers to the injury and injury that the poisoned person is temporarily unable to work in the original post.
1 1. What is permanent partial disability?
Permanent disability refers to the damage and irreversible loss of function of the limbs or some organs of the poisoned person.
12. What is the contrast color stipulated by the state? What is the contrast color corresponding to the safety color?
The contrast color stipulated by the state is black and white. The safety color and its related contrast color are red and white; Yellow and black; Blue and white; Green-white.
13. What are the national security colors?
The national security colors are red, blue, yellow and green. Meaning: red means prohibition and stop (also means fire prevention); Blue indicates instructions; Rules that must be observed; Yellow indicates warning and attention; Green means passing quickly and safely.
14. What are the requirements for using toxic and harmful raw materials?
In the production process, when toxic and harmful raw materials must be used, comprehensive preventive measures should be taken from the aspects of management and safety protection of production equipment and production technology in addition to mechanization and automation in technology, so as to make them meet the national labor safety and health standards.
15. Under what circumstances can working hours be shortened?
Engaged in serious toxic operations and particularly heavy manual labor, working hours should be appropriately shortened, and generally 4 to 6 hours working days should be implemented.