What is the knowledge of disaster prevention? How to save yourself from forest fire or grassland fire?
1, report in time and evacuate in an orderly manner.
Run against the wind, never run with the wind.
3. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel or clothes and quickly avoid it.
4. If there is a grassland fire and there is no retreat, cut off the surrounding grass to form a fire isolation belt.
5. If you don't avoid it in time, choose to lie on the ground without combustible materials to avoid the smoke, and don't choose low-lying land or potholes.
6, timely rescue local fire and disaster relief personnel.
Prevention of forest fires
1, pass by the forest, don't throw cigarette butts, and open flames are strictly prohibited.
2, when offering sacrifices, pay attention to the safety of fire.
Respond to the snowstorm
1. Try not to wear shoes with hard or light soles when walking.
2, travel should pay attention to stay away from or avoid motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles.
3. Go out less, use public transportation as much as possible, and don't play or walk on the icy ground.
4. Stay away from billboards and temporary structures. , to avoid injury.
Ten principles of disaster prevention and mitigation
People's lives should be guarded, and ten rules should be remembered. Once a disaster occurs, it should be used in time.
1. Earthquake: In case of earthquake, take shelter first, find a gap under the table, lean against the corner, bend down, seize the opportunity to escape, stay away from all buildings, and the aftershocks crouch in the open space.
Second, fire: When a fire breaks out, you are afraid of smoke. You will cover your nose with a wet towel, roll on the burning ground, run down without taking the elevator, and slide down the rope on the balcony. Blindly jumping off a building will damage your health.
Third, the flood: the flood is fierce and high, so it is impossible to stay on the earth roof. The bed table is tied with a raft, the tree can be tied with a lifeline, food flashlights are prepared, and warm clothes are worn to avoid danger.
4. Typhoon: When the typhoon comes, listen to the forecast, strengthen the dam and waterway, repair the gas path, make the temporary building firm and safe, and anchor the ship when entering the port, reduce the journey and watch the signal.
5. Debris flow: rainstorm, debris flow, dangerous places are downstream, escape from the bottom of the ditch, climb up the mountain quickly, camp in the wild without choosing the ditch, and enter the mountain depending on the climate.
6. Lightning: In rainy days, lightning flashes and thunders. Don't stand under the tree to avoid the rain. Stay away from the tower poles. Lightning strikes at home. Close the doors and windows to cut off the power supply and avoid lightning burning the room.
7. Blizzard: On a blizzard day, people jog, don't stop with their backs to the wind, and their bodies are unconscious with cold. Never bake with fire, wash blood circulation with ice and snow, and warm up slowly.
Eight, tornado: tornado, strong storm, once entered the cellar, indoor escape from doors and windows, all power and water sources are turned off, outdoor lying in low-lying places, the car is unreliable.
9. Epidemic situation: Be careful of the epidemic situation to prevent infection. When patients are found, they should be isolated, ventilated and disinfected. Infected people should seek medical treatment as soon as possible and go to public places less.
X. chemical protection: chemicals are dangerous, so don't pick up waste materials, prevent fireworks from burning toxic gases, call the police to explain the accident point, don't watch transportation leaks, and stay away from people who are in the limelight.
Common sense of household safety electricity use
1, every family should have some necessary electrical appliances, such as pencil, screwdriver, rubber pliers, etc. There must also be fuses and fuses of various specifications suitable for household appliances.
2. Every household must install master insurance in front of the table and master breaker and leakage protection switch after the table.
3, in any case, it is forbidden to use copper wire and iron wire instead of fuse. The size of the fuse must match the capacitance. When replacing the fuse, remove the porcelain box cover and replace it. It is not allowed to overlap the fuse directly in the porcelain box, and it is not allowed to replace the fuse with electricity (without opening the circuit breaker).
4, fuse or leakage switch action, must find out the reason to turn off the switching power supply. Under any circumstances, it is not allowed to use the short-circuit insurance of wires or the tripping mechanism of forced leakage switch to send electricity.
5. When buying household appliances, carefully check the technical parameters (such as frequency and voltage, etc.). ) meet the local power consumption requirements. It is necessary to know how much electricity is used and whether the existing power supply capacity of the family meets the requirements, especially whether the wiring capacity, plugs, sockets, fuses and meters meet the requirements.
6. When household power distribution equipment cannot meet the capacity requirements of household appliances, it shall be replaced and rebuilt, and it is strictly forbidden to make do with it. Otherwise, overload operation will damage electrical equipment and may also cause electrical fire.
7. When buying household appliances, you should also know their insulation performance: general insulation, reinforced insulation or double insulation. If grounding is used for leakage protection, grounding wire is essential. Even for electrical equipment with reinforced insulation or double insulation, it is beneficial to do protective grounding or protective grounding.
8. Household appliances with motors (such as electric fans). ) you should also know the heat resistance grade and whether they run continuously for a long time. Pay attention to the heat dissipation of household appliances.
9. Before installing household appliances, you should check the requirements of the product manual for the installation environment, and pay special attention not to install household appliances in an environment with damp heat, dust or flammable, explosive and corrosive gases as much as possible.
10, indoor wiring, phase line, zero line should be clearly marked, and consistent with household appliances wiring, shall not be staggered.
1 1. When household appliances are connected to the power supply, you must use an openable switch or plug connector, and it is strictly forbidden to directly insert the wire into the socket hole.
12. All household appliances that need protective grounding or safe grounding should use three-pin plugs and three-eye sockets, and it is not allowed to replace them with two-pin plugs and two-eye sockets, resulting in neutral grounding (or grounding) wires.
13, it is best to have no connector in the middle for home wiring. If there must be a joint, it should be firmly contacted, wrapped with insulating tape, or a porcelain junction box. It is forbidden to use medical tape instead of electrical tape to wrap joints.
14, wires and switches, circuit breakers, fuse boxes, lamp holders, etc. The connection is firm and reliable, and the contact is good. The multi-rubber flexible copper wire connector should be twisted first, and then placed under the connector screw gasket to prevent the thin strands from spreading and contacting another connector and causing short circuit.
15, household wires shall not be directly laid on flammable building materials. If wiring on wood is needed, porcelain beads or clips must be used; When crossing the board, porcelain sleeves must be used to manage the work. Flammable plastics or other flammable materials shall not be used as decorative materials.
16, the grounding or neutral line is normally not charged, but in case of leakage after disconnection, the electrical enclosure will be charged; In the case of short circuit, the grounding wire also passes a large current. For the sake of safety, the specification of the grounding (neutral) wire shall not be lower than that of the phase wire, and switches, fuses or connectors shall not be installed on it.
17, don't connect the grounding wire to the tap water pipe (because the tap water pipe joint is sealed with insulating tape now, which has no grounding effect); Do not connect it to the gas pipe (in case of gas explosion caused by electric spark); Do not connect to the ground wire of telephone line (to prevent strong capacitance and weak current); Nor shall it be connected to the down lead of lightning rod (to prevent lightning strike).
18, all switches, switches and fuse boxes should be covered. Bakelite cover plate is aging and incomplete and must be replaced. Dirty and wet people must be wiped clean before use after power failure.
19. Don't drag the power cord on the ground to prevent the power cord from tripping and damaging the insulation.
20. Before the trial use of household appliances, all switches and buttons should be put in the original stop position according to the instructions, and then the start-stop operation sequence required by the instructions should be carried out. If there are moving parts, such as a head-shaking fan, sufficient motion space should be considered in advance.
2 1. When sparks, smoke or burning are found after the household appliances are electrified, they should stop immediately and cut off the power supply for inspection.
22. When moving household appliances, be sure to cut off the power supply to prevent electric shock.
23, heating appliances around must be far away from flammable materials. Electric stove, heating stove, electric iron and other heating appliances should not be placed directly on the board to avoid fire.
24. It is forbidden to touch the live switch with wet hands; It is forbidden to plug the power supply with wet hands; When unplugging the power plug, fingers must not touch the metal part of the contact; Never replace electrical components or light bulbs with wet hands.
25. For household appliances (such as hair dryer, electric soldering iron, etc.). ) It is often used in your hands, and it is forbidden to wrap wires around your hands.
26. Household appliances used for contact with human body, such as electric blankets, electric oil caps, electric shoes, etc. Before use, they should be tested and inspected, and they should not come into contact with human body before leakage.
27. It is forbidden to move household appliances by dragging lines; It is forbidden to pull the plug by dragging the wire.
28. When using household appliances, plug the dead side socket first, and then close the circuit breaker or plug the live side socket; On the contrary, when stopping the use of household appliances, first pull the circuit breaker on the live side or pull out the socket on the live side, and then pull out the socket on the dead side (if necessary).
29. When it is necessary to cut off the power supply wire in an emergency, insulated electrician tongs or insulated handle cutters must be used.
30, rescue electric shock personnel, first of all, to disconnect the power supply or use wood, rotating insulating rod to pick open the power cord, don't drag the electric shock directly by hand, so as to avoid serial electric shock.
3 1, household appliances, except refrigerators, should be turned off, especially electrical appliances, to prevent fires caused by long-term heating.
32, bed switch is strictly prohibited. Except for electric blankets, don't lead charged electrical equipment to the bed, close to the sleeping human body. Even if an electric blanket is used, it is recommended to turn off the power supply after heating to ensure safety if it is not necessary to keep warm all night.
33, household appliances are burning, smoking, fire, must immediately disconnect the power supply, shall not be sprayed with water or foam extinguisher.
34. Conduct regular insulation inspection on indoor lines and electrical equipment. If any damage is found, it should be wrapped with electrical tape in time.
35. For household appliances that are not reused for a long time before the rainy season, the insulation resistance should be not less than 65438+/-0mV when measured by a 500V shaking table. It can be considered that the insulation is good and can be used normally. If there is no shaking table, at least check whether there is any leakage phenomenon with a test pen.
36. Household appliances that are often used should be kept dry and clean. Do not wipe the surface of household appliances with corrosive or conductive liquids such as gasoline, alcohol, soapy water and decontamination powder.
37. After household appliances are damaged, please ask a professional or send them to a repair shop for repair; Non-professionals are strictly forbidden to open the shell of household appliances under live conditions.