/kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, J.F. Herbart, a German educator, founded the College of Education at the University of Konigsberg. 1943, the Soviet union established the Russian academy of educational sciences (1966 was reorganized into the Soviet academy of educational sciences). After the Second World War, due to the rapid development of science and technology and the continuous innovation of production, all countries attach great importance to the development and innovation of education, cultivate scientific and technological talents, and educational and scientific research institutions have developed accordingly. In some economically developed countries, criss-crossing educational and scientific research networks have been formed nationwide. Horizontally, there are research institutes, information centers and statistical centers in the central government, which constitute a trinity of educational research institutions. Vertically, there are three levels of research institutions: central, local and universities. Some educational and scientific research institutions established by the state focus on research; Some focus on organizing and coordinating national research tasks. In some countries, there are also many non-governmental educational and scientific research institutions, which are funded and entrusted by governments and economic groups to engage in educational and scientific research.