Analysis:
First, the emergence of rock music.
1, background
Looking back on American history in the first half of the 20th century, from the late 1920s to the mid-1930s, there was an economic crisis in Europe and America, and the Great Depression appeared. In the late 1930s, World War II broke out. 194 1 year, Japan attacked pearl harbor, and the United States entered the anti-fascist war, which did not end until 1945. After 1950s, the United States was a relatively stable and prosperous period, and it was often regarded as a prosperous time for Americans. The 1960s was one of the most turbulent years in American history. Because the people opposed sending troops to participate in the Vietnam War, the whole country was in a state of extreme social and political turmoil.
In the 1950s, especially after 1952 Eisenhower came to power, the American economy began to stabilize and the whole society was in a state of living and working in peace. As a result, the middle class gradually increased, they raised children and there was a baby boom. The number of teenagers has increased unprecedentedly, and suddenly the world has become a world of young people. At that time, children's after-school life was usually to stay with their families. Television programs are also relatively healthy, and there is not much difference in music taste. The music enjoyed by young people and old people is basically the same. They were all played by "big bands" in the 1940s and 1950s, and Ding Bangxiang's songs lasted for decades. Lyrics often express pure love, music is not threatening, and tries to give people a comfortable and peaceful feeling.
By the mid-1950s, because of their superior living conditions, these teenagers did not go through the war and suffering like their parents, but they were also loved by their families. So they began to understand their parents' thoughts and lifestyles, and were unwilling to follow the path arranged by their parents. They have their own pursuits and hobbies, and because there are many people, they have formed a powerful force. They no longer follow their parents to enjoy those sentimental pop songs. At this time, they just found their own voice in rock music. Rock music is simple, powerful and straightforward, especially with a strong sense of rhythm, which conforms to the characteristics of energetic and positive youth; The unrestrained performance situation of rock music adapts to their rebellious psychology; The theme of rock music singing is closely related to their concerns.
2. The emergence of rock music.
In the early 1950s, there was a three-legged phenomenon in the American pop music market. The music that blacks like is mainly rhythm and blues, while whites above the middle class listen to Dingbang Lane, while rural listeners in the midwest like country music related to rural life. However, in the mid-1950s (about 1954 ~ 1956), two obvious phenomena appeared in the record market, namely "market crossover" and "cover version". "Market cross-border" refers to a record originally released in one market, and at the same time, it has achieved good results in another market. For example, some songs are among the best in the sales charts of rhythm and blues, and they are also very popular in the pop charts. Seeing this profitable cross-market situation, some big record companies quickly produced their own versions based on popular rhythm and blues songs, which led to the emergence of a large number of "cover versions". At this time, the three divided markets suddenly felt that the middle wall had fallen down, and a new style-rock music was formally born in this ruin.
Rock music was formally produced in the mid-1950s, but the term appeared in the early 1950s. In 195 1 year, alan freed, the host of Cleveland Radio Records Company, coined the word "rock" from a rhythm and blues song "We want to rock, we want to roll". From 65438 to 0955, the release of Blackboard Jungle had a great influence on the production of rock music. It tells the story of a group of students rebelling. A middle school teacher sang a song in front of this group of students. This song is an episode of the movie Rock Around the Clock (case 16). This song caused a great sensation among teenagers. 1July, 955, Rock Day and Night won the first place in the pop chart, marking the arrival of the rock era. Its singer bill haley became the first rock idol worshipped by teenagers. Since then, rock music has become popular all over the country.
1, the source of rock music
Rhythm and blues
Apartheid in the United States has always been very serious. In residential areas, schools, churches and various social facilities, whites and blacks are separated. Under the policy of apartheid, blacks kept their religion, language, clothing, dance and music. Rhythm and blues, like other black music, has its own set. It is called "racial record", which is separate from the white music market.
Rhythm and blues is the result of the continuous development of blues music after World War II. On the basis of urban blues, it combines the characteristics of swing music and piano music Buji-Wuji, and its voice becomes more powerful, highlighting the rhythm of continuous progress. It also retains the tradition of improvisation of black music, and the ensemble still adopts the blues form of 12 bar and the repetitive harmony framework. Before World War II, Blues records were operated by small record companies. After the war, due to the change of black social status, several major record companies became interested in black music. At this time, the leaderboard began to replace the original "national record" with "rhythm and blues". The representatives of this period are louis jourdan (1908 ~ 1975) and Joe Leakins. The characteristics of rhythm and blues are directly reflected in many rock music, especially the early rock music, many of which are "cover versions" of rhythm and blues. In 1970s, the combination of rhythm and blues and gospel gradually accelerated its development. Therefore, all black music in the 1970s has a strong flavor of rhythm and blues, especially Sol's music (see Sol's music section for details) and rhythm and blues are sometimes almost indistinguishable (such as the works of marvin gaye and Jackson 5). After 1980s, R&B incorporated more pop music elements, making it more commercialized. For example, many rhythm blues have lost their original characteristics, and emphasizing the rhythm of backhand has become its main body. Sometimes, in singing, you can find a few blues notes brought out by sliding. In recent years, the music of so-called R&B singers Brandy&Monica and Brian Mcknight is no longer the real R&B. If we insist on theoretical analysis, we can only regard it as a commercialized R&B bleached by the pop music market. But not all R&B works are like this. For example, eric clapton's Change the World and Tracy Chapman's Give Me a Reason (17), two Grammy-winning works of 197, are all integrated with pop music. Rhythm and blues, as one of the important sources of rock music, has become a witness of history. After influencing rock music, its own continuous development also makes it one of the most popular music in the pop music world today.
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