Xiaoqing, male, a junior two student, is in good health. She likes to play with young people who are doing nothing in society, smoking and drinking, indulging in online games and often skipping classes. I once didn't go to school because I had a problem with the class teacher. Recently, I was recorded for conspiring with several classmates to extort money from my classmates. Her mother was very worried that her children would get worse or might go on the road to crime, so she turned to social workers for help.
Social workers summarize the problems of the case owner through interviews with the case owner, his mother, teachers and classmates. The first is the behavior problem: the case owner is in a rebellious period of youth and has many bad hobbies; Learning problem: The pupil did well. After junior high school, my grades plummeted because I didn't put my heart down at all. Family problems: because the father works as a security guard and shifts day and night, the child's discipline is handed over to the mother, and the father and son lack communication, while the mother of the case owner loves him more and never beats and scolds, and the case owner often asks her for money to play; Social problems: the case owner knows bad playmates, thinks they are loyal, have a common language, and even blackmails others together.
Second, the service objectives and plans
The main counseling methods and principles adopted by social workers are cognitive behavioral therapy and family therapy. First of all, we should establish a good trust relationship with Xiaoqing, and then correct his irrational understanding with cognitive behavioral therapy, and improve the current family structure of this classmate with structural family therapy, so as to change the case owner and solve the problem. The consultation time is about 1 time per week, and there are about 10 meetings, each lasting about 45 minutes. The specific service objectives are:
From the personal level, correcting the wrong ideas and non-ideal understanding of the case owner is mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, due to the excessive doting of parents, self-centeredness and? Clothes to reach out, rice to mouth? Lazy behavior, he thinks it is necessary for his mother to make money and send flowers. Secondly, because of the influence of his playmates, he thinks reading is useless. Only when he comes out to work early can he make a lot of money. Gangs? Is his goal in life. Third, he hates the current class teacher and thinks that the class teacher often targets him.
From the family level, with? Structural family therapy? Improve the current family structure of the case owner, improve the communication between parents and children, and change the way of family members, especially between mother and child, so as to change the case owner and solve the problem. What should a mother dare to say to her son's unreasonable demands? No? . At the same time, social workers also communicated with the father of the case owner, asking him to fulfill his father's responsibilities again and improve the relationship between the case owner and his father. Correctly guide the behavior and thoughts of the case owner.
From the social level, by inviting him to participate in mental health education groups and activities organized by the school, he can make more friends with good behavior habits, and through contact with his classmates, he can be persuaded to return to the warm family of the school with the help of his classmates. Communicate with the class teacher, let the case owner understand the pains of the class teacher and eliminate the contradiction between the case owner and the class teacher.
Third, the service realization process
The first stage: assessment, diagnosis and relationship building. In order to fully understand the situation of the case, at this stage, social workers have interviewed the mother, the case owner, the class teacher and the classmates of the case owner. I had many telephone conversations with the mother of this case and made home visits. In the same way, do what you like, clarify and establish a good trust relationship with the case owner and his mother. Use narrative therapy to change teachers' and students' views on the case owner.
The second stage: help and change stage. At this stage, social workers held four talks with the case owner, invited them to participate in mental health education groups and activities organized by the school, and held four talks with the case owner's mother. Using empty chair therapy to improve the relationship between the case owner and the class teacher and classmates. At the sincere invitation of the social worker, the case owner participated in the activities organized by the school social worker, made friends with Yuan, a fellow villager with good behavior habits, and also participated in the group activities organized by the school social worker? Emotional management? My future is not a dream? Group activities, the case owner slowly corrected some of his unsatisfactory understanding, but also let the case owner slowly have a better sense of belonging to the school; In addition, social workers use structured family therapy to improve the current family structure of the parties, enhance parent-child communication and let parents know? Do something, do something. . Social workers discuss feasible educational methods with the mother of the case. When the mother and son of the criminal sign the contract, the two sides reach a consensus on pocket money, schedule and the way the criminal gets along with each other, and form a written agreement to supervise each other and enhance mutual trust. The father of the case is in charge.
The third stage: the end and consolidation stage. At this stage, social workers held two talks with the case owner and the mother of the case owner, once every other week. Through heart-to-heart, review the whole work process with the case owner, affirm the positive changes made by the case owner, understand his thoughts after returning to school, and guide him to reflect on his behavior of skipping classes. The case owner said that after returning to school, he will definitely work hard with his own goals. Strive to be admitted to your ideal middle school. The parents of the case also said that the educational methods provided by social workers are effective. The case owner has changed a lot.
Fourth, service reflection.
After more than one semester of service, the case owner has made obvious progress in all aspects and basically achieved the service goal. First, students have returned to school and have not skipped classes again; Second, the mother of the case learned how to educate her children, let them understand their responsibilities and learn to be considerate of others. Dad is also actively involved in the work of educating children, and family members perform their duties. Third, the students in the case have always been able to get along well.
With the end of case service, social workers also reflect on the process of reviewing service.
Among the environmental factors of people's growth, it can be said that family has the greatest influence on teenagers. If there is something wrong with the family, the behavior of teenagers often shows various deviations. Therefore, serving only individuals sometimes does not really solve the problem of the case owner. Some cases have passed? Treatment? Some achievements have been made, but they will soon return to? Treatment? Before the country. The reason is that the family environment where he lives has not changed. Therefore, when we do a case, we should not only pay attention to the teenagers themselves, but also pay attention to the family environment in which the teenagers live.
Teenagers' problems are related to their families in Dachuan, so social workers must pay attention to the following problems when using family therapy:
First, to remain neutral, social workers cannot stand with the case owner against their parents, nor can they stand with their parents against the case owner; Second, make full preparations for intervention, communicate with the case owner and his family before intervention, and gain their trust, otherwise the work will be difficult to carry out; Third, pay attention to observation. Whether before or after the intervention, social workers should carefully observe the communication style of each member of the family, pay attention to every change, and praise and criticize it; Fourth, be a good coordinator. In family therapy, it is inevitable that there will be a process of family members sitting around and talking, and there may be many conflicts and contradictions in this process, especially in the initial intervention stage, social workers need to put themselves in a correct position and coordinate the emotions and opinions of all parties.