1. Education must serve socialist modernization, which is the general direction of education in China.
Education must be combined with productive labor. The whole educational undertaking should adapt to the requirements of national economic development, and constantly make new progress in the contents and methods of combining education with productive labor. This is an important content that cannot be ignored in education policy.
3. All-round development of morality, intelligence and physique is an important standard of education and training objectives. "Virtue" is not only moral character, but also political quality and ideological quality. "Wisdom" is not only to master scientific and cultural knowledge and skills and develop intelligence, but also to cultivate scientific attitude and exploration spirit. "Body" not only refers to physique, physical fitness and physique, but also includes mastering sports knowledge and skills, entertaining body and mind, and cultivating noble sentiments. Develop morally, intellectually and physically in an all-round way, promote the combination of mental work and physical work, and realize the all-round development of people.
4. Training builders and successors of socialist cause is the overall training goal of socialist education in China.
Extended data:
Guiding principle for education (Guiding principle for education) A strategic general policy or general guiding ideology formulated by the state for the development of education at a certain stage according to the needs and possibilities of social and personal development. The content includes the nature, position, purpose and basic approach of education.
Different historical periods have different educational policies; In the same historical period, due to the need to emphasize a certain aspect, the expression of education policy will be different. As can be seen from the above definition, the makers of education policies are all countries or political parties, which are closely related to the educational purpose. The "education policy" has the following characteristics:
overall situation
Because the country or the ruling party, as the maker of education policy, regards education policy as a guide to implement the whole direction of education development, which has overall guiding significance. Generally speaking, the individual's educational purpose (that is, the inherent educational purpose) is restricted and controlled by the national educational policy.
Because social development needs to be based on personal development, the state usually promotes social development by promoting personal development when formulating educational policies. Therefore, the personal educational purpose is basically consistent with the national educational policy at this time. Of course there are exceptions.
liquidity
Because the educational policy makers are countries or political parties, in different historical periods, countries or political parties always have different policies on the development of education. In some countries, political parties take turns to govern, so education strategies and policies will change frequently and education policies will be different. Social organizations and educational philosophers often decide the purpose of education, and once the purpose is put forward, it has relative stability.
Moreover, the education policies of the same political party in different periods can be different, and the education policies of different political parties can even be completely opposite. Therefore, the variability of educational policy is far greater than the variability of educational purpose.
reality
The definition points out: "It generally includes the nature of education, the purpose of education and the ways to achieve it." Since the educational policy has pointed out the way to realize the educational goal, it has more clear practical significance as an educational strategy of a country or a political party.
Judging from the definition of "educational purpose", it is controversial whether the educational purpose can be realized. In particular, Wolfgang Brechenko's definition holds that the purpose of education is ultimate and ideal to some extent, which cannot be achieved in a short time.
stage
Because "different historical periods have different educational policies; In the same historical period, the expression of education policy will be different because it emphasizes the needs of a certain aspect. Therefore, the education policy has stages, which is more obvious for the same political party, that is, the later education policy is the continuation and further deepening of the previous education policy, which is inseparable from the continuity of the education strategy and policy of the state and political parties. The highest educational purpose is the ultimate.
Perhaps the essence of cultural education can be summarized as: teaching new individuals the ways and means to deal with objects with the knowledge we have about our objects and their relationships. It is a process in which one kind of consciousness changes another kind of consciousness. It is a process in which one kind of consciousness covers or even destroys another kind of consciousness in view of the collision, running-in, infiltration and change between consciousness, which may cause pain to individuals.
Because any two individuals face different objects, there will be differences or conflicts in the consciousness gained from different objects, and the recipients of cultural and educational activities will have certain exclusion. In the real society, in order to weaken the rejection psychology of the recipients, first of all, educational activities are mainly carried out between the young and the old.
Older people (or those who get knowledge first) generally live in the position of educators, while younger people (or those who get knowledge later) lack knowledge, like a whiteboard, so they are educated. The second is to induce through utilitarianism and other means. For example, in ancient times, there was a call for "learning to be an excellent official", and today there is a call for educational goals such as "knowledge is wealth", so that educational activities can be carried out normally.
On the substitution of consciousness, writer Sam Zhi said: We force children to memorize instead of imagination and creation, so we have more Yi Zhongtian and less Chen Jingrun, and even we can't pick a Chen Jingrun out of 10,000 Yi Zhongtian.
Cultural education changes the individual's choice direction by changing the individual's consciousness space. Through cultural education, human beings have increased the space of individual consciousness, thus finding a shortcut and teaching individuals the ways and means of choosing objects. The cultural achievements of human beings are attached to the individual's consciousness through educators, shaping new individuals and providing a perspective and microscope for the individual's future direction.
The only feature of macro education is "focusing on people's quality and ability", which shows that judging whether an activity is education is not the result. In reality, not all educational activities can achieve the expected results, and some even fail. However, some activities, such as research activities and publicity activities, can affect people's quality and ability, but they are not recognized as educational activities.
When people hold different positions and pay attention to people's quality and ability, they can look at people's quality and ability from both positive and negative aspects, develop and strengthen some people's quality and ability positively, and weaken and restrain some people's quality and ability negatively. People's qualities and abilities can be divided into congenital and acquired. Innate, like other animals, is created by the long-term evolution of nature.
What is obtained can be divided into two situations, one is obtained or realized unintentionally; Secondly, it was deliberately made by people. Macro-education summarizes all activities deliberately carried out for people's quality and ability.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Education Policy