As a faculty member, it is essential to write lesson plans. With the help of lesson plans, teaching methods can be properly selected and used to arouse students' learning enthusiasm. So do you know how to write a formal lesson plan? The following are the lesson plans of junior high school inspirational theme class meeting (selected 6 copies). Welcome to share.
Teaching objectives of inspirational theme class meeting in junior high school1;
1. Read the text correctly, fluently and emotionally.
2. Educate students to follow Xu Beihong's example, be determined to be patriotic when they are young, study hard when they grow up, and win glory for their country.
3. Stimulate students' awareness of inquiry and improve their ability of understanding and expression.
Teaching process:
First, review questions
1. What does inspirational mean in the topic? Motivate yourself to work hard to achieve an ambition. )
2. What is Mr. Xu Beihong's ambition in the article? I think we should still look for the answer in reading the text. Please scan the text quickly and draw the relevant sentences.
Second, closely follow the key words and study the text.
1, communication. We must use facts to make them know the real China people again. )
2. Let them know that they must use facts to get to know the real China people again. Read this sentence together. Why did Xu Beihong say this sentence? Please read the text 1-2 and experience it carefully.
(1) The student replied that Xu Beihong said this under the jealousy and sarcasm of foreign students. Read the names of foreign students
(2) The teacher described the social reality that in 19 19, China was poor and backward, with domestic troubles and foreign invasion, and had no position in the world. China people were often looked down upon and despised abroad. Read the words of foreign students again.
3. What do you mean by must? What must Xu Beihong do? Look at this sentence again, students, and their answers must make them know the real China people again with facts. ) Who are they referring to? The teacher asked. When the students answered that they were referring to foreign students, the teacher then asked what kind of people are really from China?
(The real China people refer to China people with backbone; The real China people refer to the diligent China students' understanding of themselves and their multiple interpretations. )
3. What facts does Xu Beihong use to make international students know the real China people again? Students can read the text again and think about it. They can seek, draw a clear line and discuss with each other.
Default value:
(1), the students answered when Xu Beihong worked harder. He runs day and night like a tireless steed. The teacher asked the students when he went forward bravely. Xu Beihong used to study painting very hard, but why does Xu Beihong work harder today?
(We must use facts to make them know the real China people again and realize their ambitions. )
Students must use facts to make them know the real China people again.
(2) When the students replied that Xu Beihong often painted all day every holiday, the teacher asked the students why Xu Beihong was so absorbed in copying. Once again, I went back to the statement that we must use facts to make them know the real China people again, and realized that Xu Beihong did this in order to let foreigners know the real China people again, read this sentence together again, and feel the spirit of Xu Beihong's hard work for China people to live up to expectations.
Xu Beihong's diligent study of painting in the Paris Museum during holidays is just an example of his diligent study of painting. In order to fulfill his wish, Xu Beihong insisted on learning painting 10 for more than hours every day, often forgetting to rest, and even the tigers in the zoo often became the objects of his sketches. Show a picture of a good horse. Isn't this fine horse with its hind hoofs the best portrayal of Xu Beihong? Students read four or five verses to realize Xu Beihong's spirit of studying painting hard. )
(3) When the students answered that Xu Beihong would rather live in poverty than buy painting supplies with the money saved, the teacher guided the students to compare their lives with Xu Beihong's and feel the poverty of Xu Beihong's life. Next, I asked the students what supported Xu Beihong to live in poverty rather than buy painting supplies with the money saved. Thirdly, we should let them know the real China people again with facts, and read this sentence aloud together to deepen their understanding of Xu Beihong's spirit of studying hard for the motherland.
Students read the sixth section with emotion. When reading aloud, they grasped the key words: small attic, a glass of water and two pieces of bread. Through this description, they realized that the article set off Xu Beihong's fighting spirit.
Many things happen. Xu Beihong's exhibition of paintings caused a sensation all over the world. He used facts to let overseas students get to know China people again. Read part 7 together.
At this time, students look at the performance of international students and ask why the attitude of international students has changed so much from the beginning. What is blind ignorance?
If you study abroad, you will feel the international students' re-understanding and remorse for China people through their shocking, bow their heads and ignorant reading taste. )。
6. The teacher summed up and sublimated his feelings.
When Xu Beihong, a young painter, studied in France, he studied painting diligently in response to the ridicule of overseas students. His outstanding achievements have won honor for the people of China. He represents the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation and makes foreigners look down on our nation and the people of China. Let's read the text again and remember Xu Beihong's spirit of studying hard and practicing hard for the motherland.
Third, sublimate emotions and summarize writing.
1. Key words to guide students to change their attitudes before and after catching foreign students:
Bowing is impolite.
What made this international student's attitude change so much?
The foreign student made rude remarks because of prejudice, and bowed to Xu Beihong's oil painting and animation industry. He expressed deep admiration for Xu Beihong!
What do you want to say to Xu Beihong at this time?
Students can speak freely and sublimate their emotions.
3 abstract
In order to show Xu Beihong's spirit of studying and practicing hard for the motherland, this paper not only describes Xu Beihong's performance from the front, but also describes the performance of international students in a certain space, and compares Xu Beihong's spirit of studying and practicing hard for the motherland. Read it again and have a good experience.
Fourth, contact yourself and expand.
Students, Xu Beihong's spirit of studying hard and practicing hard for the motherland left a deep impression on everyone. Xu Beihong's success benefits from the spirit of studying hard for the motherland, and I think it benefits more from his inspirational spirit. With inspiration, we can have the goal of life, the starting line of life, full of vitality and strength in study and life, and give us the courage to overcome difficulties. Everyone who has achieved something has an inspirational experience. So what should we do now? What should I learn from Xu Beihong? Please tell us how you really feel.
Junior high school inspirational theme class meeting teaching plan 2 teaching material analysis:
This is a character story. The article tells the story that when Xu Beihong, a young painter, studied in France, he was determined to live up to the expectations of the people of China, study hard and win glory for his country with excellent results. He praised Xu Beihong's spirit of studying hard and practicing hard for the motherland.
The text is closely related to the theme and the narrative is clear. First of all, the full text revolves around the topic, around the center, step by step, and in an orderly manner. Secondly, the transition is natural and the connection is compact. It also takes into account the front and back, and the structure is rigorous.
Teaching objectives:
1. Read the text correctly and fluently, and retell the text by grasping the main process of Xu Beihong's painting.
2. Learn the new words in this lesson 10, and understand the new words and texts.
3. Learn to divide the paragraphs and tell the general idea of the paragraphs.
4. Educate students to follow Xu Beihong's example, be determined to be patriotic since childhood, study hard when they grow up, and win glory for the motherland.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
Through reading aloud, I realized Xu Beihong's spirit of winning glory for the people of the motherland, working hard and studying painting assiduously.
Learn to divide paragraphs and tell the general idea of paragraphs.
Teaching preparation:
Wall charts and related extracurricular materials
Teaching time:
Three class hours
first kind
Teaching objectives:
1. Have a preliminary understanding of the text. By observing Xu Beihong's Running Horse, we can understand the relevant content and read the characters in the story.
2. Learn the new words in this lesson.
3. Educate students to follow Xu Beihong's example, be determined to be patriotic since childhood, study hard when they grow up, and win glory for the motherland.
Teaching process:
First, the introduction of new courses.
1. Courseware demonstrates Xu Beihong's paintings to let students know his achievements.
2. What do you know about Xu Beihong?
Brief introduction Xu Beihong
3. Write on the blackboard and solve the problem.
(encourage, encourage; Ambition, ambition. Inspirational means: motivate yourself to work hard to achieve some ambition. )
Second, reading the text for the first time
1. Learn the words by yourself
2. The camera shows key and difficult words, emphasizing teaching.
Excellent grades, bow, fatigue, anger, and courage.
3. Students are required to read the text by themselves.
Practice reading paragraph by paragraph and read sentences fluently. Then work in groups of four.
(Teachers' itinerant guidance)
4. Guide students to read aloud paragraph by paragraph, and teachers and students will correct it together.
Emphasize:
Sentence: You can't change others' ignorance/prejudice by arguing. You must tell them again with facts/let them know/really/China people!
Xu Beihong/at the Paris Academy of Fine Arts/passed the final exam with excellent results.
5. Communicate and understand each other.
Tip: What words have you learned? How did you learn it? What other words don't you understand?
Third, perceive the content of the text as a whole and clarify the paragraphs.
1. Read the text, think and discuss freely:
(1) What is Xu Beihong's ambition?
How did he achieve this ambition?
(3) What was the result?
2. Practice segmentation.
Discuss the segmentation according to the question.
3. Summary
The first paragraph: (13) writes that Xu Beihong is determined to be a useful person and strive for the people of China.
The second paragraph: (46) Write about Xu Beihong's inspirational study and efforts.
The third paragraph: (78) Write that Xu Beihong bombarded the animation industry with excellent results and changed the prejudice of foreign students.
Fourth, summarize the full text.
Verb (short for verb) homework
1. Read the text aloud.
2. Polysyllabic words
Insect insect
3. Cross out the inappropriate words in brackets.
Make persistent efforts (strongly encouraged)
Junior high school inspirational theme class meeting teaching plan 3;
1. Read the text for the first time and learn to make new words.
2. Sort out the order of the text, get a preliminary understanding of the main contents of the text, and feel Xu Beihong's patriotic feelings.
3. Understand the true meaning of "blindly following Mount Tai".
Teaching focus:
Sort out the order of the text, get a preliminary understanding of the main contents of the text, and feel Xu Beihong's patriotic feelings.
Teaching aid preparation: PPT
Teaching process:
First, enthusiastic guidance
1. Look at the pictures and guess the idioms. Students, look at the pictures. Can you guess which idioms: ten thousand, swift horse, lifelike?
This is the classic painting "Running Horse" by the great painter Xu Beihong. At that time, this painting caused a sensation in the whole painting world. Not only that, he also concentrated on copying when he was studying painting, and his hard-working spirit and ardent patriotism were unforgettable.
Today we will learn a text called Xu Beihong's Inspirational Painting. What do you think the author should write after seeing the topic? Why does Xu Beihong learn painting by inspiration? How to learn painting by inspiration? What was the result? Why is it "inspirational" instead of "determined"? This is a good idea, which shows that when we write articles, we can write them in this order more orderly. Let's follow the author into the text.
Second, people-oriented learning.
Task 1: Clear the order of the text and perceive the text as a whole.
Strategy: communicate the pre-assigned learning situation in groups. 1 Read the correct pronunciation and understand the sentence. 2. Sort out the order of the text and get a preliminary understanding of the main idea of the text.
1, group cooperative learning.
2. Show communication.
Writing on the blackboard in communication: causes and consequences
People often write articles in the order of cause-process-result, so that readers can see them more clearly. Therefore, we'd better understand the text clearly. )
Seeing that everyone is studying and communicating so seriously, the teacher can really feel the joy of cooperative learning. Then I want to see how well you master these words. Read these words-
The first group of paintings got tired of showing rental cups and bought the wrong ones.
The second group, Xu Beihong, praised and inspired him to study painting tirelessly and devoted himself to copying.
Many things happen. The animation circle is blind and ignorant.
Can you use some of these words to talk about the main content of the text?
Summarizing the main content of the article is also a basic skill. Keep practicing and you will always get something. )
5. There are two sentences in the article about Xu Beihong. Take a quick look. What are the two sentences?
Many things happen. Blind and ignorant of Mount Tai. )
6. Those who work hard will get everything. It was Xu Beihong who studied hard and copied the results before others evaluated him. Who comments on Xu Beihong?
Task 2: Understand the true meaning of "being blind but not knowing Mount Tai".
Strategy: Find out the words and phrases that describe the expressions and language of foreign students, read them and see what you have read. Try to read aloud with emotion to understand the reasons for the changes of international students.
Communication: 1 (impolite-bow, feel despised-respect)
Read together, before: read in a contemptuous tone. After: I read the tone of admiration.
Supplementary question: Mount Tai? Xu Beihong. "Ignorant of Mount Tai" means: Xu Beihong who is blind of Mount Tai. Metaphor is shallow and ignorant.
Supplementary allusions. Selection: Mount Tai: 1 Famous Mountain. 2 Lu Ban's apprentice.
Don't comment on people or things you don't understand, or you will be called ignorant and become "blind ignorant"
Thirdly, the lead contact is detected.
1 Fill in the blanks and be determined to be inspirational.
2 Discriminate the meaning, dissolve: make a wish.
Inspirational: through hard work, realize the set good wishes.
3 Look at the topic again, how to explain it? Xu Beihong is an inspirational painter who is determined to win glory for his country.
How did Xu Beihong learn to draw by inspiration? Why do some people say that Xu Beihong "hard work pays off"? We'll talk about it next time.
Writing on the blackboard: Xu Beihong's inspiration painting
(1-3) is determined by humiliation
(4-6) Through hard work
(7-8) The result is the animation industry.
Junior high school inspirational theme class meeting teaching plan 4 teaching objectives
(1) Learn 17 new words, of which six words in Tian Zi's case are only known but not written, and the words composed of new words should be understood.
(2) Learn to divide the text into paragraphs and tell the general idea of the paragraphs.
⑶ Educate students to follow Xu Beihong's example and learn his valuable spirit of studying hard for the motherland.
Teaching focus
Educate students to follow Xu Beihong's example and learn his valuable spirit of studying hard for the motherland.
Teaching difficulties
Read the text correctly, fluently and emotionally, and retell the text by grasping the main process of Xu Beihong's painting.
teaching method
Learn to inspire and guide, discuss and communicate.
teaching process
Lesson 65438
First, reveal the topic.
1. Import from the map, show Xu Beihong's "Running Horse Map", and introduce Xu Beihong by asking questions.
4. Write on the blackboard and understand.
(1). What does "inspirational" mean? Say the name and talk about the meaning of the topic.
(2) Questioning the reading questions.
Second, reading the text for the first time
Read the text by yourself.
(1) Read the words in the glossary and pronounce each new word correctly.
⑵ Draw words with the new words in the text and read the sentences in order.
Try to read the text.
Try to read paragraph by paragraph according to the name. Teachers and students can correct the mistakes together, and then read freely.
(1) Pronunciation: remind students to accurately pronounce the "excited" side sound; "angry" nasal sound; "Rent" Pinghua.
(2) Definition of words: communicate with each other. In what way did you learn the meaning of those words, and which words did you not understand?
3. Learn to write new words.
(1) Show the new words and read them again together.
(2) Highlight key points and guide writing by classification.
(3) Students paint red.
Third, read the text and clarify the paragraphs.
1. Read and think freely:
(1) What is Xu Beihong's ambition? How did you do that? What was the result?
(2) The discussion is divided into three parts.
2. Practice segmentation.
3. Read the text by naming the correct paragraphs.
Fourth, homework
Second lesson
Teaching process:
First, review and check.
1. refers to reading new words.
3. Discrimination of polyphonic characters.
Second, read the text carefully.
1. Introduce the reading questions and read them together. What is Xu Beihong's ambition? Read the paragraph 1-3 in a low voice.
It shows that "they must re-recognize the real China people with facts." Understand Xu Beihong's thoughts and feelings when he said this and discuss why he is so excited.
4. Read the words of foreign students.
(1) What do international students mean?
Which sentence annoys us the most?
Discussion: Grasp "impolite, outspoken, not thinking of heaven, no talent", read the arrogant and deceptive tone of international students, and understand Xu Beihong's mood at this time.
3. Look at the third paragraph together to understand Xu Beihong's thoughts at this time, and then refer to the passage "You must use ..." that has already been shown to understand Xu Beihong's inner world at this time.
4. Read the fourth paragraph freely and learn how to write this transitional paragraph. Discussion:
(1) Compare the sentences to show that "Xu Beihong has worked harder since then". Compare with the unfair sentences in the text and realize the vividness of the original sentence.
⑵ Instruct reading aloud, emphasizing "tireless, running day and night, going forward bravely". These words.
5. Explain the sentence in the article "Many good things grind".
Discussion: How much time did Xu Beihong spend? Read paragraphs 5 and 6 silently and sketch the discussion freely.
Grasp the words "every moment", "painting", "often", "all day" and "just save", and through reading, commenting and discussing, realize the true meaning of "hard work pays off".
Three years have passed, what happened?
The conclusion of the discussion is that A has achieved excellent results and caused a sensation. B foreign students were shocked and admired.
7. Focus on the eighth paragraph.
(1) What's the difference between reading what foreign students say and the first language? From the analysis of the content, manner and tone of the speech, we can understand the reasons for the changes in reading.
2 Xu Beihong's inner thoughts at this time? Read the sentence "We must make them ... the people of China speak with facts.
⒏ Summarize the full text.
Junior high school inspirational theme class meeting teaching plan 5 teaching material analysis
Xu Beihong's "Inspirational Painting Learning" is three texts in the second unit of the first volume of the fourth grade of Jiangsu Education Press. Xu Beihong, a famous master of Chinese painting, was ridiculed by foreign students when he was studying in France, praising his excellent quality of inspiring painting learning and winning glory for his country.
Teaching objectives
Cognitive goal: to understand the key sentences in this lesson and the process of Xu Beihong's inspirational painting.
Understanding ability goal:
1, can retell the content of the text on the basis of understanding the content of the text, and understand the reasons and practices of Xu Beihong's inspirational painting.
2. Understand the meaning of "where there is a will, there is a way" and "if you have an eye, you can't understand Mount Tai", and experience Xu Beihong's inspirational success.
Emotional goal: to educate students to follow Xu Beihong's example and establish the idea of patriotism and dedication to the country from an early age.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
Teaching emphasis: Understand the meanings of "Where there is a will, there is a way" and "If you have an eye, you don't know Taishan Mountain", and experience Xu Beihong's inspirational success.
Teaching difficulties: Understand the learning process of Xu Beihong's inspirational painting and how Xu Beihong won glory for the nation.
Teaching methods: reading introduction, reading study, group cooperation and communication.
teaching process
First, the last section of knowledge review
1. What does the text introduce about Xu Beihong?
2. Find out the sentences that can explain Xu Beihong's inspirational painting.
Second, study the text deeply.
(1) Learn the first to third paragraphs of the text.
1, show the text fragments, students read the text silently and think:
(1) What happened when Xu Beihong first arrived in Paris? What did he think and how did he do it?
(2) What do you mean by "anger" and "prejudice"?
2. Read the sentences and talk about your experience.
"We must use facts to make them know the real China people again."
Thinking: What kind of people do you mean by "real China people" here? Tell me your understanding.
3. Guide the reading of the first to third paragraphs of the text.
(2) Learn paragraphs 4 to 7 of the text.
Xu Beihong said that he wanted foreigners to know the real China people again and how he did it. Please read paragraphs 4 to 7 of the text silently.
1, read the text silently, find out the relevant sentences, and think while reading: What is the central sentence?
2. communication.
3. Compare sentences.
(1) Xu Beihong insists on drawing horses every day.
(2) He paints and paints, often all day.
Think about it: which is better? Why?
4. Play pictures of Xu Beihong learning to draw.
5. Communication: Tell me about your understanding of "good things grind more".
6. Guide reading the text.
Xu Beihong studied painting with the spirit of self-improvement and hard study. His works caused a sensation in Paris painting circles and shocked Europeans. He realized his wish to let foreigners know the real China people again, and even the foreigner who laughed at him was deeply impressed. Come and listen to what foreigners say about him!
(3) Learn the seventh paragraph of the text.
1, read the text together and think about it:
Don't know what Mount Tai means?
Why do foreigners bow to Xu Beihong?
2. What does "shock" mean?
3. Guide reading the text.
(D) cooperation and exchanges, sublimation of feelings
Think about it: What has happened to foreigners' attitudes? Why is this happening?
Say: What you think at the moment.
Third, class summary.
The text "Xu Beihong's Inspirational Painting Learning" tells the truth that studying in France is looked down upon because of it. Finally, with the tenacious efforts of Xu Beihong, it was the foreigner who gave up and told us. At the same time, he also praised Xu Beihong's great patriotism.
Fourth, expand and sublimate the theme.
1. Try to retell the text with the following words.
Jealousy, politeness, inspiration fatigue.
Exhibition, reproduction, Excellence, recognition of shock
2. Start with "Grandpa Xu Beihong, I want to talk to you" and write a paragraph about my feelings about learning the text.
Junior high school inspirational theme class meeting teaching plan 6 activity purpose:
1, through feeling the colorful university life, drive students to yearn for the university, stimulate the motivation of learning, and move towards the dream university;
2. Guide students to establish a good learning attitude during the review period of senior three;
3. By exchanging learning experiences and methods, students can improve their learning methods.
Activity time: 20xx/x/x
Venue: Class 38, Senior High School.
Event host: monitor
Activity flow:
First, the teacher's speech:
Senior three is like a mountain. It takes a year to climb a spiritual mountain. When you look back, you will find that it is not unattainable. Life is always over mountains. The college entrance examination is just one of the mountains that span a new turning point in your life. How do you know that the college entrance examination is the highest mountain? In front of senior three, some people are timid, some people are confused, some people fail, and even fall at the foot of senior three and can't get up again. To reach the mountain, you must have a good start preparation and adjust your mental state. The scenery is always high!
Second, look forward to the scenery.
Play selected photos and videos of the university in the past three years (topics include freshmen's military training, hiking at Whampoa Military Academy, school sports meeting, Mid-Autumn Festival party, competition, spring and autumn tour, internship in Lushan Mountain, Inner Mongolia, winter vacation experience in Shanghai and Hainan, going to the countryside, etc.). )
Teacher: University is not only a place to acquire professional knowledge and skills, but also a beautiful scenery with rich and colorful experiences in life. The pace of the college entrance examination has just left, and it is time for several happy families to worry. I still remember this time three years ago, like all senior three students, I was worried about my little future.
Time flies, and college life has adapted us. I often recall the species in high school. Kindness That day, that land, life at that time. ...
Step into the third year of high school, do you have unlimited hope and a beautiful blueprint? Are you ready to catch up with the journey of senior three?
Students express their feelings.
Third, climb high and look far.
Tell me about the good mentality that I think senior three review must have and how to adjust the current bad mood, and combine theory with personal experience and real experience of others.
Fourth, interactive communication.
Communicate personal learning methods and experiences with students, hoping that students will be inspired.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Conclusion: I hope students will always face the review of senior three with firm fighting spirit and vigorous spirit. I have always believed that senior three is a person who has traveled all over Qingshan before he is old. The scenery here is unique!
The theme of the class meeting is to go to college and fly your dreams.
Significance of the activity: Senior three students are putting all their energy into the college entrance examination, but what is the college entrance examination for and what is the road to further study? Faced with an uncertain tomorrow, many people lose their direction and motivation in their busy study life. Let senior three students experience the wonderful life of the university and stimulate their yearning for the university. Communicate the feelings and experiences of high school life, maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, and firmly pursue the ideal confidence.
Activity time: class meeting on September 2nd (Monday) of 20xx.
Activity object: Senior 3 1 class.
Activity preparation: collect wonderful pictures of university activities and prepare PPT.
Activity flow:
1, lead-in: Let students think about their goals at this stage again.
Ask questions:
1) Do you have a clear goal in mind now? (causing thinking)
Summary: the importance of establishing goals and firm goals after entering senior three.
2) What is your ideal university?
Students discuss and understand their understanding of the university.
2. Experience the wonderful life of the university.
1) Feel the colorful course study and extracurricular life in the university through picture appreciation;
Let students experience a beautiful university and have a vision for it.
2) Correctly understand the meaning of "university".
Most students tend to fall into an appearance, thinking that after entering the university after the college entrance examination, life can follow one's inclinations. Relaxed and infinite.
Through the university management mode-class self-management, students can realize that the university is an ivory tower of independent and free learning, not a relaxed and decadent place. Take a "vaccination" for students who are about to go to college to avoid getting lost.
3) University "financial management"
Due to different family backgrounds, there are more or less some poor students, and going to college is a heavy economic burden for them. In order to relieve students' heavy economic pressure and face the college entrance examination with a better attitude, students should know the economic situation during their college years in advance.
Part-time and regular part-time jobs can not only help students reduce part of the economic burden, but also experience the significance of social labor in advance and gain more social experience, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone.
Scholarships and scholarship evaluation conditions are mainly aimed at learning and student work, which is helpful to promote the development of students' common comprehensive quality and solve their economic problems.
3. Taste the taste of fighting together
1) share the experience of senior three.
Communicate with students the learning methods and mentality of senior three.
2) Learn to understand the ups and downs of senior three.
Summarize the efforts and gains in the learning experience of senior three.
Cheer up for students and improve their learning motivation.
Activity effect
Through learning, students can have a deeper and more real understanding of university life and yearn for it more, thus generating strong motivation. At the same time, further think about the study life of senior three.
Activity reflection
It is necessary to further understand the students' learning situation and consider their learning level. In order to provide suitable target reference and feasible reference design for their learning methods and attitudes.
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